feat(push): relay notifications as encrypted web push (#2906 )

fix: allow copying message snapshots (#2905 )
fix(desktop): capture full pipewire quantum on linux (#2481 )
2026-10-09 12:12:25 +09:00 · 2026-09-23 14:04:55 +02:00 · 2026-09-23 14:01:10 +02:00 · 2026-09-22 21:37:20 +02:00 · 2026-09-22 21:28:24 +02:00 · 2026-09-22 21:27:59 +02:00
205 changed files with 16468 additions and 1639 deletions
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ f:media_proxy:
 f:messages:
  - changed-files:
    - any-glob-to-any-file: fluxer_messages/**/*
+f:push:
+  - changed-files:
+    - any-glob-to-any-file: fluxer_push/**/*
 f:snowflakes:
  - changed-files:
    - any-glob-to-any-file: fluxer_snowflakes/**/*
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+name: build push
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      build-version:
+        description: "Explicit Fluxer CalVer build version (YYYY.MDD.MICRO, UTC HHMMSS without leading zeroes) to use instead of automatic UTC clock allocation"
+        type: string
+        required: false
+        default: ""
+
+permissions:
+  actions: read
+  contents: write
+  packages: write
+
+jobs:
+  approve:
+    name: approve build release
+    permissions: {}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    environment: builds
+    timeout-minutes: 5
+    steps:
+      - name: approved
+        run: echo "Build release approved."
+
+  image:
+    needs: approve
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_build-image.yaml
+    secrets: inherit
+    with:
+      image: fluxer-push
+      dockerfile: fluxer_push/Dockerfile
+      build-version: ${{ inputs['build-version'] }}
@@ -1607,6 +1607,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "ff",
 "generic-array",
 "group",
+ "hkdf",
 "pem-rfc7468",
 "pkcs8",
 "rand_core 0.6.4",
@@ -1881,6 +1882,31 @@ dependencies = [
 "url",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "fluxer-push"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "axum",
+ "base64 0.23.1",
+ "clap",
+ "fluxer-svc",
+ "futures",
+ "hmac 0.13.0",
+ "p256",
+ "rand 0.10.2",
+ "reqwest",
+ "ring",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
+ "thiserror",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+ "url",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fluxer-snowflakes"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2308,6 +2334,15 @@ version = "0.4.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7f24254aa9a54b5c858eaee2f5bccdb46aaf0e486a595ed5fd8f86ba55232a70"

+[[package]]
+name = "hkdf"
+version = "0.12.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7b5f8eb2ad728638ea2c7d47a21db23b7b58a72ed6a38256b8a1849f15fbbdf7"
+dependencies = [
+ "hmac 0.12.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hmac"
 version = "0.12.1"
@@ -3893,6 +3928,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures-channel",
 "futures-core",
 "futures-util",
+ "h2",
 "http 1.5.0",
 "http-body 1.1.0",
 "http-body-util",
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ members = [
 	"fluxer_gifs",
 	"fluxer_svc",
 	"fluxer_messages",
+	"fluxer_push",
 	"fluxer_snowflakes",
 	"tools/ci",
 	"tools/dev",
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-AGPLv3-purple" alt="AGPLv3 License" /></a>
 </p>

+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://flathub.org/apps/app.fluxer.Fluxer">
+    <img src="https://dl.flathub.org/assets/badges/flathub-badge-en.svg" alt="Get it on Flathub" height="60" /></a>
+</p>
+
 # Fluxer

 Fluxer is a free and open source instant messaging and VoIP chat app built for friends, groups, and communities.
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ Fluxer is a free and open source instant messaging and VoIP chat app built for f

 | Windows | macOS | Linux | Android | iOS |
 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
-| [Installer (x64)][win-setup-x64] | [Disk image][mac-dmg] | [Flatpak][flatpak-ref] | [APK][android-apk] | [TestFlight][ios-testflight] |
+| [Installer (x64)][win-setup-x64] | [Disk image][mac-dmg] | [Flathub][flathub] | [APK][android-apk] | [TestFlight][ios-testflight] |
 | [Installer (ARM64)][win-setup-arm64] | | [deb (x64)][linux-deb-x64] | [Obtainium][obtainium] | |
 | [Portable (x64)][win-portable-x64] | | [deb (ARM64)][linux-deb-arm64] | | |
 | [Portable (ARM64)][win-portable-arm64] | | [rpm (x64)][linux-rpm-x64] | | |
@@ -38,17 +43,23 @@ Fluxer is a free and open source instant messaging and VoIP chat app built for f
 | | | [tar.gz (x64)][linux-targz-x64] | | |
 | | | [tar.gz (ARM64)][linux-targz-arm64] | | |

-The macOS disk image is universal and runs on both Apple silicon and Intel. Windows and Linux need the build that matches your processor.
+The macOS disk image runs on both Apple silicon and Intel. Windows and Linux need the build matching your processor.

-On Linux, prefer a package repository over a file. Fluxer then updates with the rest of your system.
+On Linux, prefer a repository over a single file so Fluxer updates with the rest of your system.

 ## Linux package repositories

-All four repositories serve stable and canary. The package is `fluxer` for stable and `fluxer-canary` for canary.
+Every repository serves both channels. The package is `fluxer` for stable, `fluxer-canary` for canary.

 ### Flatpak

-Opening [this reference file][flatpak-ref] hands the install to your desktop software manager. Some desktops also accept `flatpak+https://pkgs.fluxer.com/flatpak/fluxer.flatpakref` pasted into the address bar.
+Stable is on [Flathub][flathub], the easiest route on most desktops:
+
+```sh
+flatpak install flathub app.fluxer.Fluxer
+```
+
+Flathub has stable only. For canary, or to use Fluxer's own repository, open [this reference file][flatpak-ref] and your software manager takes over. Some desktops also accept `flatpak+https://pkgs.fluxer.com/flatpak/fluxer.flatpakref` in the address bar.

 From a terminal:

@@ -72,11 +83,11 @@ sudo curl -fsSL -o /etc/yum.repos.d/fluxer.repo https://pkgs.fluxer.com/rpm/flux
 sudo dnf install fluxer
 ```

-RHEL, Rocky, Alma and CentOS Stream need `sudo dnf install epel-release` first, because the base repositories do not ship `libXScrnSaver`. Fedora does not need this.
+RHEL, Rocky, Alma and CentOS Stream need `sudo dnf install epel-release` first, because their base repositories lack `libXScrnSaver`. Fedora does not.

 ### Arch Linux

-The repository is signed, so pacman needs the key in its own keyring once:
+The repository is signed, so pacman needs the key once:

 ```sh
 sudo pacman-key --init
@@ -85,7 +96,7 @@ sudo pacman-key --add /tmp/fluxer-archive-keyring.asc
 sudo pacman-key --lsign-key 09D01339EE128925F75E675C855C5BDE34D205D2
 ```

-`--lsign-key` is the step that makes pacman trust the key. Then add the repository:
+`--lsign-key` is what makes pacman trust it. Then add the repository:

 ```sh
 sudo tee -a /etc/pacman.conf >/dev/null <<'REPO'
@@ -97,13 +108,13 @@ REPO
 sudo pacman -Syu fluxer
 ```

-Write `$repo` and `$arch` literally. Both are pacman variables, not shell ones, which is why the heredoc above is quoted.
+Write `$repo` and `$arch` literally. Both are pacman variables, not shell ones, hence the quoted heredoc.

-Full setup notes, including the canary channel, live in the [Linux repositories documentation][docs-linux].
+Full setup notes, including canary, are in the [Linux repositories documentation][docs-linux].

 ## Other ways to run it

- [Open Fluxer in a browser](https://web.fluxer.app) with no install at all.
+- [Open Fluxer in a browser](https://web.fluxer.app), no install needed.
 - [Host your own instance][docs-selfhost] from this repository.

 ## Documentation
@@ -117,9 +128,9 @@ Full setup notes, including the canary channel, live in the [Linux repositories
 The source is licensed under the [AGPL-3.0-or-later](./LICENSE) license.

 Fluxer branding, icons, default avatars, badge artwork, screenshots and marketing
-imagery are copyright Fluxer and all rights reserved, as set out in
-[fluxer_static/LICENSE](./fluxer_static/LICENSE). Third-party material keeps its
-own terms, listed in
+imagery are copyright Fluxer, all rights reserved, as set out in
+[fluxer_static/LICENSE](./fluxer_static/LICENSE). Third-party material keeps its own
+terms, listed in
 [fluxer_static/THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md](./fluxer_static/THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md).

 Public availability of this repository does not grant trademark, brand, or
@@ -139,6 +150,7 @@ endorsement rights.
 [linux-targz-x64]: https://pkgs.fluxer.com/desktop/stable/linux/x64/latest/tar_gz
 [linux-targz-arm64]: https://pkgs.fluxer.com/desktop/stable/linux/arm64/latest/tar_gz
 [flatpak-ref]: https://pkgs.fluxer.com/flatpak/fluxer.flatpakref
+[flathub]: https://flathub.org/apps/app.fluxer.Fluxer
 [android-apk]: https://github.com/fluxerapp/flutter_client/releases
 [obtainium]: https://obtainium.imranr.dev/
 [ios-testflight]: https://testflight.apple.com/join/PKZR6pK9
@@ -147,6 +147,12 @@ FLUXER_VAPID_PRIVATE_KEY=CHANGE_ME
 #FLUXER_PASSKEY_ADDITIONAL_ALLOWED_ORIGINS=https://chat.example.com
 #FLUXER_PASSKEY_ADDITIONAL_ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://chat.example.com:19080

+# Notification jobs the push container holds at once, 1 to 1000000.
+#FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_QUEUE_CAPACITY=10000
+# Provider requests the push container sends at once, 1 to 65536.
+#FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_SEND_CONCURRENCY=256
+
+
 # Optional media policies, both off by default. See the operator docs.
 #
 # CORS limits which web origins may read media. A request with no Origin is
@@ -245,6 +251,7 @@ FLUXER_DISCOVERY_ENABLED=true
 #FLUXER_GATEWAY_MEMORY_LIMIT=1gb
 #FLUXER_GATEWAY_MEMORY_RESERVATION=384mb
 #FLUXER_MEDIA_PROXY_MEMORY_LIMIT=512mb
+#FLUXER_PUSH_MEMORY_LIMIT=256mb
 #FLUXER_STATIC_PROXY_MEMORY_LIMIT=256mb
 #FLUXER_APP_PROXY_MEMORY_LIMIT=256mb
 #FLUXER_SNOWFLAKES_MEMORY_LIMIT=128mb
@@ -281,6 +288,7 @@ FLUXER_DISCOVERY_ENABLED=true
 #FLUXER_POSTGRES_WORK_MEM=8MB
 #FLUXER_POSTGRES_MAINTENANCE_WORK_MEM=256MB
 #FLUXER_POSTGRES_AUTOVACUUM_WORK_MEM=128MB
+#FLUXER_POSTGRES_SHM_SIZE=1gb

 # The bundled Valkey holds durable state as well as cache, so it runs with an
 # append-only file and with noeviction, which fails an over-limit write instead
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ services:
      -c autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit=2000
      -c track_io_timing=on
      -c shared_preload_libraries=pg_stat_statements
-    shm_size: 256mb
+    shm_size: ${FLUXER_POSTGRES_SHM_SIZE:-1gb}
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: fluxer
      POSTGRES_USER: fluxer
@@ -482,6 +482,30 @@ services:
      seaweedfs-init: {condition: service_completed_successfully}
      nats: {condition: service_healthy}

+  push:
+    <<: *fluxer-service
+    image: ${FLUXER_REGISTRY:-ghcr.io/${FLUXER_REGISTRY_OWNER:-fluxerapp}}/fluxer-push:${FLUXER_IMAGE_TAG:-v1}
+    deploy:
+      resources:
+        limits:
+          memory: ${FLUXER_PUSH_MEMORY_LIMIT:-256mb}
+    environment:
+      <<: *fluxer-env
+      FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_HOST: 0.0.0.0
+      FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_PORT: "8126"
+      FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_QUEUE_CAPACITY: "${FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_QUEUE_CAPACITY:-}"
+      FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_SEND_CONCURRENCY: "${FLUXER_PUSH_SERVICE_SEND_CONCURRENCY:-}"
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/fluxer-push", "healthcheck"]
+      interval: 10s
+      timeout: 5s
+      retries: 30
+      start_period: 60s
+      start_interval: 1s
+    depends_on:
+      nats: {condition: service_healthy}
+      api: {condition: service_healthy}
+
  static-proxy:
    <<: *fluxer-service
    image: ${FLUXER_REGISTRY:-ghcr.io/${FLUXER_REGISTRY_OWNER:-fluxerapp}}/fluxer-static:${FLUXER_IMAGE_TAG:-v1}
@@ -10525,6 +10525,7 @@
 					"gateway_rollout": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/GatewayRolloutConfigResponse"},
 					"voice_noise_suppression": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigResponse"},
 					"screen_share_delivery": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/ScreenShareDeliveryConfigResponse"},
+					"push_service_delivery": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse"},
 					"experiment_delivery": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/ExperimentDeliveryConfigResponse"},
 					"registration": {
 						"type": "object",
@@ -10953,6 +10954,7 @@
 					"gateway_rollout",
 					"voice_noise_suppression",
 					"screen_share_delivery",
+					"push_service_delivery",
 					"experiment_delivery",
 					"registration",
 					"self_hosted",
@@ -11091,6 +11093,10 @@
 						"nullable": true,
 						"allOf": [{"$ref": "#/components/schemas/ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest"}]
 					},
+					"push_service_delivery": {
+						"nullable": true,
+						"allOf": [{"$ref": "#/components/schemas/PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest"}]
+					},
 					"experiment_delivery": {
 						"nullable": true,
 						"allOf": [{"$ref": "#/components/schemas/ExperimentDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest"}]
@@ -15184,6 +15190,24 @@
 					"poll_jitter_percent": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 50}
 				}
 			},
+			"PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest": {
+				"type": "object",
+				"properties": {
+					"enabled": {"type": "boolean"},
+					"rollout_basis_points": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 10000},
+					"rollout_salt": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 64, "pattern": "^[\\x20-\\x7e]+$"},
+					"included_user_ids": {
+						"maxItems": 1000,
+						"type": "array",
+						"items": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{1,20}$"}
+					},
+					"excluded_user_ids": {
+						"maxItems": 1000,
+						"type": "array",
+						"items": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{1,20}$"}
+					}
+				}
+			},
 			"ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest": {
 				"type": "object",
 				"properties": {
@@ -15267,6 +15291,42 @@
 				"required": ["poll_interval_seconds", "poll_jitter_percent"],
 				"additionalProperties": false
 			},
+			"PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse": {
+				"type": "object",
+				"properties": {
+					"enabled": {"default": false, "type": "boolean"},
+					"config_version": {"default": 0, "type": "integer", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 9007199254740991},
+					"rollout_basis_points": {"default": 0, "type": "integer", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 10000},
+					"rollout_salt": {
+						"default": "push-service-delivery-v1",
+						"type": "string",
+						"minLength": 1,
+						"maxLength": 64,
+						"pattern": "^[\\x20-\\x7e]+$"
+					},
+					"included_user_ids": {
+						"default": [],
+						"maxItems": 1000,
+						"type": "array",
+						"items": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{1,20}$"}
+					},
+					"excluded_user_ids": {
+						"default": [],
+						"maxItems": 1000,
+						"type": "array",
+						"items": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{1,20}$"}
+					}
+				},
+				"required": [
+					"enabled",
+					"config_version",
+					"rollout_basis_points",
+					"rollout_salt",
+					"included_user_ids",
+					"excluded_user_ids"
+				],
+				"additionalProperties": false
+			},
 			"ScreenShareDeliveryConfigResponse": {
 				"type": "object",
 				"properties": {
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub struct InstanceConfigResponse {
    #[serde(default)]
    pub screen_share_delivery: ScreenShareDeliveryConfigResponse,
    #[serde(default)]
+    pub push_service_delivery: PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse,
+    #[serde(default)]
    pub experiment_delivery: ExperimentDeliveryConfigResponse,
 }

@@ -449,6 +451,7 @@ impl VoiceE2eeScope {
 }

 pub const EXPERIMENT_MAX_TARGETED_USERS: usize = 1_000;
+pub const PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT: &str = "push-service-delivery-v1";
 pub const SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT: &str = "screen-share-delivery-v1";
 pub const VOICE_NS_MAX_GUILD_OVERRIDES: usize = 200;

@@ -578,6 +581,44 @@ pub struct ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest {
    pub excluded_user_ids: Option<Vec<String>>,
 }

+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(default)]
+pub struct PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse {
+    pub enabled: bool,
+    pub config_version: u64,
+    pub rollout_basis_points: u32,
+    pub rollout_salt: String,
+    pub included_user_ids: Vec<String>,
+    pub excluded_user_ids: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl Default for PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            enabled: false,
+            config_version: 0,
+            rollout_basis_points: 0,
+            rollout_salt: PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT.to_owned(),
+            included_user_ids: Vec::new(),
+            excluded_user_ids: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize)]
+pub struct PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest {
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub enabled: Option<bool>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rollout_basis_points: Option<u32>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rollout_salt: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub included_user_ids: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub excluded_user_ids: Option<Vec<String>>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ExperimentDeliveryConfigResponse {
@@ -696,6 +737,8 @@ pub struct InstanceConfigUpdateRequest {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub screen_share_delivery: Option<ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub push_service_delivery: Option<PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub experiment_delivery: Option<ExperimentDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest>,
 }

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async fn reports_list(
        return reports_error_page(
            config,
            &auth.0,
-            "That page is out of range. The reports search returns at most the first 10000 reports, so narrow the filters and start again.",
+            "That page is out of range. The reports search returns at most the first 10000 reports. Narrow the filters and start again.",
        );
    }
    let search_query = query.q.as_deref().and_then(clean_string);
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ use crate::{
            InstancePolicyUpdateRequest, InstanceRegistrationConfigUpdateRequest,
            InstanceServicesUpdateRequest, InstanceYoutubeIntegrationUpdateRequest,
            LimitConfigUpdateRequest, LimitRule, LimitRuleFilters, NoiseSuppressionBackend,
-            PremiumMode, RegistrationMode, ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest,
-            SsoConfigUpdateRequest, VOICE_NS_MAX_GUILD_OVERRIDES, VoiceE2eeScope,
-            VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigUpdateRequest, VoiceNoiseSuppressionGuildOverride,
+            PremiumMode, PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest, RegistrationMode,
+            ScreenShareDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest, SsoConfigUpdateRequest,
+            VOICE_NS_MAX_GUILD_OVERRIDES, VoiceE2eeScope, VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigUpdateRequest,
+            VoiceNoiseSuppressionGuildOverride,
        },
    },
    config::AdminConfig,
@@ -211,6 +212,10 @@ pub async fn instance_config_post(
            Ok(update) => instance_config_result(client.update_instance_config(&update).await),
            Err(message) => FlashData::error(message),
        },
+        "update_push_service_delivery" => match build_push_service_delivery_update(&form) {
+            Ok(update) => instance_config_result(client.update_instance_config(&update).await),
+            Err(message) => FlashData::error(message),
+        },
        "update_experiment_delivery" => match build_experiment_delivery_update(&form) {
            Ok(update) => instance_config_result(client.update_instance_config(&update).await),
            Err(message) => FlashData::error(message),
@@ -496,6 +501,21 @@ fn parse_experiment_rollout_salt(
    Ok(Some(salt.to_owned()))
 }

+fn parse_push_service_delivery_rollout_salt(
+    form: &MultiValueForm,
+    key: &str,
+) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
+    let salt = parse_experiment_rollout_salt(form, key)?;
+    if let Some(value) = salt.as_deref()
+        && !value
+            .bytes()
+            .all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_graphic() || byte == b' ')
+    {
+        return Err("Rollout salt must use printable ASCII".to_owned());
+    }
+    Ok(salt)
+}
+
 fn is_experiment_snowflake(value: &str) -> bool {
    !value.is_empty()
        && value.len() <= EXPERIMENT_MAX_SNOWFLAKE_LENGTH
@@ -665,6 +685,38 @@ fn build_screen_share_delivery_update(
    })
 }

+fn build_push_service_delivery_update(
+    form: &MultiValueForm,
+) -> Result<InstanceConfigUpdateRequest, String> {
+    Ok(InstanceConfigUpdateRequest {
+        push_service_delivery: Some(PushServiceDeliveryConfigUpdateRequest {
+            enabled: Some(form.bool_value("push_service_delivery_enabled")),
+            rollout_basis_points: parse_form_number(
+                form,
+                "push_service_delivery_rollout_basis_points",
+                "Rollout basis points",
+                0,
+                EXPERIMENT_ROLLOUT_BASIS_POINTS_MAX,
+            )?,
+            rollout_salt: parse_push_service_delivery_rollout_salt(
+                form,
+                "push_service_delivery_rollout_salt",
+            )?,
+            included_user_ids: Some(parse_experiment_user_ids(
+                form.first("push_service_delivery_included_user_ids")
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+                "Included user IDs",
+            )?),
+            excluded_user_ids: Some(parse_experiment_user_ids(
+                form.first("push_service_delivery_excluded_user_ids")
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+                "Excluded user IDs",
+            )?),
+        }),
+        ..Default::default()
+    })
+}
+
 fn build_experiment_delivery_update(
    form: &MultiValueForm,
 ) -> Result<InstanceConfigUpdateRequest, String> {
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ use crate::{
        AppPublicConfigResponse, EXPERIMENT_MAX_TARGETED_USERS, ExperimentDeliveryConfigResponse,
        GatewayRolloutConfigResponse, InstanceConfigResponse, InstanceIntegrationsResponse,
        InstanceMediaResponse, InstancePolicyResponse, InstanceRegistrationResponse,
-        LimitConfigResponse, NoiseSuppressionBackend, PendingRegistrationResponse,
-        RegistrationUrlResponse, SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT,
-        ScreenShareDeliveryConfigResponse, SsoConfigResponse, VOICE_NS_MAX_GUILD_OVERRIDES,
-        VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigResponse,
+        LimitConfigResponse, NoiseSuppressionBackend, PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT,
+        PendingRegistrationResponse, PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse, RegistrationUrlResponse,
+        SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT, ScreenShareDeliveryConfigResponse, SsoConfigResponse,
+        VOICE_NS_MAX_GUILD_OVERRIDES, VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigResponse,
    },
    config::AdminConfig,
    middleware::auth::AuthContext,
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ pub fn instance_config_page(
                        (gateway_rollout_section(base, csrf_token, &instance_config.gateway_rollout))
                        (voice_noise_suppression_section(base, csrf_token, &instance_config.voice_noise_suppression))
                        (screen_share_delivery_section(base, csrf_token, &instance_config.screen_share_delivery))
+                        (push_service_delivery_section(base, csrf_token, &instance_config.push_service_delivery))
                        (experiment_delivery_section(base, csrf_token, &instance_config.experiment_delivery))
                        @if let Some(limit_config) = limit_config {
                            (limit_config_section(base, limit_config))
@@ -1112,7 +1113,7 @@ fn voice_noise_suppression_section(
                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
                            "One snowflake per line, or comma separated. These users are targeted \
                             regardless of the percentage above. IDs must contain 1 to 20 decimal \
-                             digits. Invalid entries prevent the save; blank entries and duplicate \
+                             digits. Invalid entries prevent the save. Blank entries and duplicate \
                             IDs are ignored."
                        }
                    }
@@ -1131,7 +1132,7 @@ fn voice_noise_suppression_section(
                        ))
                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
                            "Same format. Exclusion wins over both the always-on list and the \
-                             percentage, so this is the per-user kill switch."
+                             percentage. This is the per-user kill switch."
                        }
                    }

@@ -1257,7 +1258,7 @@ fn screen_share_delivery_section(
                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
                            "One snowflake per line, or comma separated. These users are targeted \
                             regardless of the percentage above. IDs must contain 1 to 20 decimal \
-                             digits. Invalid entries prevent the save; blank entries and duplicate \
+                             digits. Invalid entries prevent the save. Blank entries and duplicate \
                             IDs are ignored."
                        }
                    }
@@ -1276,7 +1277,7 @@ fn screen_share_delivery_section(
                        ))
                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
                            "Same format. Exclusion wins over both the always-on list and the \
-                             percentage, so this is the per-user kill switch."
+                             percentage. This is the per-user kill switch."
                        }
                    }

@@ -1289,6 +1290,115 @@ fn screen_share_delivery_section(
    )
 }

+fn push_service_delivery_section(
+    base: &str,
+    csrf_token: &str,
+    push_service_delivery: &PushServiceDeliveryConfigResponse,
+) -> Markup {
+    let status = if push_service_delivery.enabled {
+        ("Live", BadgeVariant::Success)
+    } else {
+        ("Inert", BadgeVariant::Default)
+    };
+    let included_user_ids = push_service_delivery.included_user_ids.join("\n");
+    let excluded_user_ids = push_service_delivery.excluded_user_ids.join("\n");
+    section_card_with_description(
+        "Push Service Delivery",
+        "Routes push notification delivery for the selected accounts through the push service. \
+         Accounts the rollout does not select keep the current path.",
+        html! {
+            form method="post" action={(base) "/instance-config?action=update_push_service_delivery"} {
+                (csrf_input(csrf_token))
+                div class="space-y-6" {
+                    div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2" {
+                        h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-neutral-900" { "Master switch" }
+                        (badge(status.0, status.1))
+                        span class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
+                            "Config version " (push_service_delivery.config_version)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    (checkbox(
+                        "push_service_delivery_enabled",
+                        "true",
+                        "Hand push notifications to the push service",
+                        push_service_delivery.enabled,
+                        true,
+                    ))
+                    p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
+                        "Off is the safe state. With this unchecked every notification keeps the \
+                         current delivery path, so the rollout and targeting fields below have no \
+                         effect at all."
+                    }
+
+                    h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-neutral-900" { "Rollout" }
+                    (number_field(
+                        "push_service_delivery_rollout_basis_points",
+                        "Rollout (basis points)",
+                        &push_service_delivery.rollout_basis_points.to_string(),
+                        Some(0), Some(10000), "1",
+                        Some("Share of users bucketed into the canary, in basis points: 0 is nobody, 100 is 1%, 10000 is everybody."),
+                    ))
+                    div class="flex flex-col gap-2" {
+                        (text_input(
+                            "push_service_delivery_rollout_salt",
+                            "Rollout Salt",
+                            &push_service_delivery.rollout_salt,
+                            PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_DEFAULT_SALT,
+                        ))
+                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
+                            "Seeds the bucketing hash. Changing it reshuffles which users fall \
+                             inside the percentage above. Leave it alone to keep the current \
+                             cohort stable."
+                        }
+                    }
+                    div class="flex flex-col gap-2" {
+                        (textarea_input(
+                            "push_service_delivery_included_user_ids",
+                            "Always-on User IDs",
+                            "1500000000000000001\n1500000000000000002",
+                            &included_user_ids,
+                            4,
+                            false,
+                        ))
+                        (entry_count_hint(
+                            push_service_delivery.included_user_ids.len(),
+                            EXPERIMENT_MAX_TARGETED_USERS,
+                        ))
+                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
+                            "One snowflake per line, or comma separated. These users are targeted \
+                             regardless of the percentage above. IDs must contain 1 to 20 decimal \
+                             digits. Invalid entries prevent the save. Blank entries and duplicate \
+                             IDs are ignored."
+                        }
+                    }
+                    div class="flex flex-col gap-2" {
+                        (textarea_input(
+                            "push_service_delivery_excluded_user_ids",
+                            "Never-on User IDs",
+                            "1500000000000000003\n1500000000000000004",
+                            &excluded_user_ids,
+                            4,
+                            false,
+                        ))
+                        (entry_count_hint(
+                            push_service_delivery.excluded_user_ids.len(),
+                            EXPERIMENT_MAX_TARGETED_USERS,
+                        ))
+                        p class="text-xs text-neutral-500" {
+                            "Same format. Exclusion wins over both the always-on list and the \
+                             percentage. This is the per-user kill switch."
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    (form_actions(html! {
+                        (submit_button("Save Push Service Delivery Configuration"))
+                    }))
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    )
+}
+
 fn experiment_delivery_section(
    base: &str,
    csrf_token: &str,
@@ -418,6 +418,14 @@ fn deserialize_instance_config_response_with_unknown_keys() {
            "future_delivery_knob": 9,
            "excluded_user_ids": []
        },
+        "push_service_delivery": {
+            "enabled": true,
+            "config_version": 3,
+            "rollout_basis_points": 5000,
+            "rollout_salt": "push-service-delivery-v1",
+            "included_user_ids": ["1500000000000000002"],
+            "excluded_user_ids": []
+        },
        "experiment_delivery": {"poll_interval_seconds": 300, "poll_jitter_percent": 15},
        "registration": {
            "mode": "open",
@@ -817,6 +817,9 @@ async fn spawn_mock_api() -> String {

 async fn mock_api(method: Method, uri: Uri) -> Response {
    let path = uri.path().to_owned();
+    if method == Method::PATCH && path == "/admin/instance/config" {
+        return json_response(instance_config());
+    }
    match (method, path.as_str()) {
        (Method::GET, "/admin/users/@me") => json_response(json!({ "user": admin_user() })),
        (Method::GET, "/admin/api-keys") => json_response(json!([])),
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ interface PostgresIpInfoOptions {
 }

 const VALUE_SEPARATOR = '\u001f';
+export const IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS = 14 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+export const IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS = 90 * 24 * 60 * 60;

 function getClient(options: PostgresIpInfoOptions): IPostgresClient | null {
 	return options.client ?? options.getClient?.() ?? null;
@@ -34,12 +36,9 @@ async function upsertKvRow(
 	partitionKey: string,
 	key: string,
 	row: Record<string, unknown>,
-	ttlSeconds?: number,
+	ttlSeconds: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
-	const expiresAt =
-		ttlSeconds != null && Number.isFinite(ttlSeconds) && ttlSeconds > 0
-			? new Date(Date.now() + ttlSeconds * 1000)
-			: null;
+	const expiresAt = new Date(Date.now() + ttlSeconds * 1000);
 	await client.query(
 		`INSERT INTO ${table(client)} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data, expires_at, updated_at)
 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4::jsonb, $5, now())
@@ -77,7 +76,14 @@ export function createPostgresIpInfoCache(options: PostgresIpInfoOptions): IpInf
 			try {
 				const client = getClient(options);
 				if (!client) return;
-				await upsertKvRow(client, 'ipinfo_cache', rowKey([key]), rowKey([key]), {cache_key: key, payload}, ttlSeconds);
+				await upsertKvRow(
+					client,
+					'ipinfo_cache',
+					rowKey([key]),
+					rowKey([key]),
+					{cache_key: key, payload},
+					ttlSeconds != null && Number.isFinite(ttlSeconds) && ttlSeconds > 0 ? ttlSeconds : IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS,
+				);
 			} catch (error) {
 				options.onError?.(error, 'ipinfo_cache_set');
 			}
@@ -124,6 +130,7 @@ export function createPostgresIpInfoRequestAuditLogger(options: PostgresIpInfoOp
 						is_residential_proxy: event.isResidentialProxy,
 						metadata_json: serializeMetadata(event.metadata),
 					},
+					IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS,
 				);
 			} catch (error) {
 				options.onError?.(error, 'ipinfo_request_audit_record');
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import type {Pool, PoolClient, QueryResult, QueryResultRow} from 'pg';
+import type {Pool, PoolClient, PoolConfig, QueryResult, QueryResultRow} from 'pg';
 import pg from 'pg';

 const MAX_DIAGNOSTIC_FIELD_LENGTH = 128;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class PostgresClient implements IPostgresClient {
 	}

 	private async openPool(): Promise<void> {
-		const pool = new pg.Pool({
+		const poolConfig: PoolConfig & {scramMaxIterations: number} = {
 			connectionString: this.config.url || undefined,
 			host: this.config.url ? undefined : (this.config.host ?? '127.0.0.1'),
 			port: this.config.url ? undefined : (this.config.port ?? 5432),
@@ -140,7 +140,9 @@ class PostgresClient implements IPostgresClient {
 			password: this.config.url ? undefined : (this.config.password ?? 'fluxer'),
 			ssl: this.config.ssl ? {rejectUnauthorized: true, ca: normalizePem(this.config.sslCa)} : undefined,
 			max: this.config.maxConnections ?? 20,
-		});
+			scramMaxIterations: 0,
+		};
+		const pool = new pg.Pool(poolConfig);
 		this.observePoolConnections(pool);
 		try {
 			const client = await pool.connect();
@@ -272,8 +272,6 @@ export function buildAPIConfigFromMaster(master: MasterConfig): APIConfig {
 			donationProxyKey,
 		},
 		hosts: {
-			invite: extractHostname(master.endpoints.invite),
-			gift: extractHostname(master.endpoints.gift),
 			marketing: extractHostname(master.endpoints.marketing),
 			unfurlIgnored: master.services.api.unfurl_ignored_hosts,
 		},
@@ -341,6 +341,7 @@ import {
 	type UsersPendingDeletionRow,
 } from '@app/api/database/types/UserTypes';
 import {ATTACHMENT_DECAY_COLUMNS, type AttachmentDecayRow} from '@app/api/types/AttachmentDecayTypes';
+import {seconds} from 'itty-time';

 export const Users = defineTable<UserRow, 'user_id'>({
 	name: 'users',
@@ -499,16 +500,19 @@ export const GuildAuditLogs = defineTable<GuildAuditLogRow, 'guild_id' | 'log_id
 	name: 'guild_audit_logs_v2',
 	columns: GUILD_AUDIT_LOG_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['guild_id', 'log_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('45 days'),
 });
 export const GuildAuditLogsByUser = defineTable<GuildAuditLogRow, 'guild_id' | 'user_id' | 'log_id'>({
 	name: 'guild_audit_logs_v2_by_user',
 	columns: GUILD_AUDIT_LOG_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['guild_id', 'user_id', 'log_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('45 days'),
 });
 export const GuildAuditLogsByAction = defineTable<GuildAuditLogRow, 'guild_id' | 'action_type' | 'log_id'>({
 	name: 'guild_audit_logs_v2_by_action',
 	columns: GUILD_AUDIT_LOG_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['guild_id', 'action_type', 'log_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('45 days'),
 });
 export const GuildAuditLogsByUserAction = defineTable<
 	GuildAuditLogRow,
@@ -517,6 +521,7 @@ export const GuildAuditLogsByUserAction = defineTable<
 	name: 'guild_audit_logs_v2_by_user_action',
 	columns: GUILD_AUDIT_LOG_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['guild_id', 'user_id', 'action_type', 'log_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('45 days'),
 });
 export const GuildMembershipMetadata = defineTable<GuildMembershipMetadataRow, 'guild_id' | 'user_id'>({
 	name: 'guild_membership_metadata',
@@ -655,6 +660,7 @@ export const RecentMentions = defineTable<RecentMentionRow, 'user_id' | 'message
 	name: 'recent_mentions',
 	columns: RECENT_MENTION_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'message_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('7 days'),
 });

 interface RecentMentionsByGuildRow {
@@ -678,6 +684,7 @@ export const RecentMentionsByGuild = defineTable<RecentMentionsByGuildRow, 'user
 	name: 'recent_mentions_by_guild',
 	columns: RECENT_MENTIONS_BY_GUILD_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'guild_id', 'message_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('7 days'),
 });
 export const SavedMessages = defineTable<SavedMessageRow, 'user_id' | 'message_id'>({
 	name: 'saved_messages',
@@ -688,6 +695,7 @@ export const PushSubscriptions = defineTable<PushSubscriptionRow, 'user_id' | 's
 	name: 'push_subscriptions',
 	columns: PUSH_SUBSCRIPTION_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'subscription_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('90 days'),
 });
 export const Payments = defineTable<PaymentRow, 'checkout_session_id'>({
 	name: 'payments',
@@ -854,11 +862,13 @@ export const EmailVerificationTokens = defineTable<EmailVerificationTokenRow, 't
 	name: 'email_verification_tokens',
 	columns: EMAIL_VERIFICATION_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_', 'user_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('24 hours'),
 });
 export const PasswordResetTokens = defineTable<PasswordResetTokenRow, 'token_' | 'user_id'>({
 	name: 'password_reset_tokens',
 	columns: PASSWORD_RESET_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_', 'user_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('24 hours'),
 });
 export const PasswordResetTokensByUserId = defineTable<
 	{
@@ -870,16 +880,19 @@ export const PasswordResetTokensByUserId = defineTable<
 	name: 'password_reset_tokens_by_user_id',
 	columns: ['user_id', 'token_'],
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('24 hours'),
 });
 export const EmailRevertTokens = defineTable<EmailRevertTokenRow, 'token_' | 'user_id'>({
 	name: 'email_revert_tokens',
 	columns: EMAIL_REVERT_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_', 'user_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('48 hours'),
 });
 export const PhoneTokens = defineTable<PhoneTokenRow, 'token_'>({
 	name: 'phone_tokens',
 	columns: PHONE_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const AuthSessions = defineTable<AuthSessionRow, 'session_id_hash'>({
 	name: 'auth_sessions',
@@ -901,11 +914,13 @@ export const AuthSessionTombstones = defineTable<AuthSessionTombstoneRow, 'user_
 	name: 'auth_session_tombstones',
 	columns: AUTH_SESSION_TOMBSTONE_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'session_id_hash'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const UserCountryHistory = defineTable<UserCountryHistoryRow, 'user_id' | 'country'>({
 	name: 'user_country_history',
 	columns: USER_COUNTRY_HISTORY_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'country'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('365 days'),
 });
 export const MfaBackupCodes = defineTable<MfaBackupCodeRow, 'user_id' | 'code'>({
 	name: 'mfa_backup_codes',
@@ -932,6 +947,7 @@ export const IpAuthorizationTokens = defineTable<IpAuthorizationTokenRow, 'token
 	name: 'ip_authorization_tokens',
 	columns: IP_AUTHORIZATION_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_', 'user_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 minutes'),
 });
 export const AuthorizedIps = defineTable<AuthorizedIpRow, 'user_id' | 'ip'>({
 	name: 'authorized_ips_v2',
@@ -1057,26 +1073,31 @@ export const OAuth2AuthorizationCodes = defineTable<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeRow,
 	name: 'oauth2_authorization_codes',
 	columns: OAUTH2_AUTHORIZATION_CODE_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['code'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('10 minutes'),
 });
 export const OAuth2AccessTokens = defineTable<OAuth2AccessTokenRow, 'token_'>({
 	name: 'oauth2_access_tokens',
 	columns: OAUTH2_ACCESS_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('7 days'),
 });
 export const OAuth2AccessTokensByUser = defineTable<OAuth2AccessTokenByUserRow, 'user_id' | 'token_'>({
 	name: 'oauth2_access_tokens_by_user',
 	columns: OAUTH2_ACCESS_TOKENS_BY_USER_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('7 days'),
 });
 export const OAuth2RefreshTokens = defineTable<OAuth2RefreshTokenRow, 'token_'>({
 	name: 'oauth2_refresh_tokens',
 	columns: OAUTH2_REFRESH_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const OAuth2RefreshTokensByUser = defineTable<OAuth2RefreshTokenByUserRow, 'user_id' | 'token_'>({
 	name: 'oauth2_refresh_tokens_by_user',
 	columns: OAUTH2_REFRESH_TOKENS_BY_USER_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });

 interface WebhooksByChannelRow {
@@ -1117,12 +1138,14 @@ export const JobsById = defineTable<JobByIdRow, 'job_id'>({
 	name: 'jobs_by_id',
 	columns: JOB_BY_ID_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['job_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('90 days'),
 });
 export const JobsByDayBucket = defineTable<JobByDayBucketRow, 'bucket_day' | 'created_at' | 'job_id'>({
 	name: 'jobs_by_day_bucket',
 	columns: JOB_BY_DAY_BUCKET_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['bucket_day', 'created_at', 'job_id'],
 	partitionKey: ['bucket_day'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('90 days'),
 });
 export const JobsActive = defineTable<JobActiveRow, 'job_id'>({
 	name: 'jobs_active',
@@ -1133,11 +1156,13 @@ export const AttachmentUploadTracesByKey = defineTable<AttachmentUploadTraceByKe
 	name: 'attachment_upload_traces_by_key',
 	columns: ATTACHMENT_UPLOAD_TRACE_BY_KEY_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['upload_key'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const AttachmentUploadTracesByAttachment = defineTable<AttachmentUploadTraceByAttachmentRow, 'attachment_id'>({
 	name: 'attachment_upload_traces_by_attachment',
 	columns: ATTACHMENT_UPLOAD_TRACE_BY_ATTACHMENT_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['attachment_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const NcmecAttachmentSubmissions = defineTable<NcmecAttachmentSubmissionRow, 'attachment_id'>({
 	name: 'ncmec_attachment_submissions',
@@ -1154,6 +1179,7 @@ export const RegistrationEventsByIp = defineTable<RegistrationEventByIpRow, 'ip'
 	columns: REGISTRATION_EVENT_BY_IP_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['ip', 'created_at', 'user_id'],
 	partitionKey: ['ip'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const RegistrationEventsBySubnet = defineTable<
 	RegistrationEventBySubnetRow,
@@ -1164,6 +1190,7 @@ export const RegistrationEventsBySubnet = defineTable<
 	columns: REGISTRATION_EVENT_BY_SUBNET_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['subnet', 'created_at', 'user_id'],
 	partitionKey: ['subnet'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const RegistrationEventsByEmailDomain = defineTable<
 	RegistrationEventByEmailDomainRow,
@@ -1174,6 +1201,7 @@ export const RegistrationEventsByEmailDomain = defineTable<
 	columns: REGISTRATION_EVENT_BY_EMAIL_DOMAIN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['email_domain', 'created_at', 'user_id'],
 	partitionKey: ['email_domain'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const RegistrationEventsByPlusAddressBase = defineTable<
 	RegistrationEventByPlusAddressBaseRow,
@@ -1184,6 +1212,7 @@ export const RegistrationEventsByPlusAddressBase = defineTable<
 	columns: REGISTRATION_EVENT_BY_PLUS_ADDRESS_BASE_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['plus_address_base', 'created_at', 'user_id'],
 	partitionKey: ['plus_address_base'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('30 days'),
 });
 export const LatestRiskContextByUser = defineTable<LatestRiskContextByUserRow, 'user_id'>({
 	name: 'latest_risk_context_by_user',
@@ -1194,6 +1223,7 @@ export const SuspiciousIps = defineTable<SuspiciousIpRow, 'ip'>({
 	name: 'suspicious_ips',
 	columns: SUSPICIOUS_IP_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['ip'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('180 days'),
 });
 export const RiskOutcomesByIp = defineTable<RiskOutcomeByIpRow, 'ip' | 'created_at' | 'user_id' | 'outcome_code', 'ip'>(
 	{
@@ -1201,6 +1231,7 @@ export const RiskOutcomesByIp = defineTable<RiskOutcomeByIpRow, 'ip' | 'created_
 		columns: RISK_OUTCOME_BY_IP_COLUMNS,
 		primaryKey: ['ip', 'created_at', 'user_id', 'outcome_code'],
 		partitionKey: ['ip'],
+		defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('180 days'),
 	},
 );
 export const RiskOutcomesBySubnet = defineTable<
@@ -1212,6 +1243,7 @@ export const RiskOutcomesBySubnet = defineTable<
 	columns: RISK_OUTCOME_BY_SUBNET_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['subnet', 'created_at', 'user_id', 'outcome_code'],
 	partitionKey: ['subnet'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('180 days'),
 });
 export const RiskOutcomesByEmailDomain = defineTable<
 	RiskOutcomeByEmailDomainRow,
@@ -1222,6 +1254,7 @@ export const RiskOutcomesByEmailDomain = defineTable<
 	columns: RISK_OUTCOME_BY_EMAIL_DOMAIN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['email_domain', 'created_at', 'user_id', 'outcome_code'],
 	partitionKey: ['email_domain'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('180 days'),
 });
 export const RiskOutcomesByAsn = defineTable<
 	RiskOutcomeByAsnRow,
@@ -1232,6 +1265,7 @@ export const RiskOutcomesByAsn = defineTable<
 	columns: RISK_OUTCOME_BY_ASN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['asn', 'created_at', 'user_id', 'outcome_code'],
 	partitionKey: ['asn'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('180 days'),
 });
 export const RiskAssessments = defineTable<RiskAssessmentRow, 'assessment_id'>({
 	name: 'risk_assessments',
@@ -1248,6 +1282,7 @@ export const InboundSmsChallenges = defineTable<InboundSmsChallengeRow, 'challen
 	name: 'inbound_sms_challenges',
 	columns: INBOUND_SMS_CHALLENGE_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['challenge_code'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('15 minutes'),
 });
 export const InboundSmsChallengesByUser = defineTable<
 	InboundSmsChallengeByUserRow,
@@ -1258,16 +1293,19 @@ export const InboundSmsChallengesByUser = defineTable<
 	columns: INBOUND_SMS_CHALLENGE_BY_USER_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['user_id', 'created_at'],
 	partitionKey: ['user_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('15 minutes'),
 });
 export const PhoneLookupCache = defineTable<PhoneLookupCacheRow, 'phone'>({
 	name: 'phone_lookup_cache',
 	columns: PHONE_LOOKUP_CACHE_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['phone'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('7 days'),
 });
 export const PhoneVerificationAttempts = defineTable<PhoneVerificationAttemptRow, 'attempt_id'>({
 	name: 'phone_verification_attempts',
 	columns: PHONE_VERIFICATION_ATTEMPT_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['attempt_id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('90 days'),
 });
 export const BillingCustomers = defineTable<BillingCustomerRow, 'provider_id'>({
 	name: 'billing_customers',
@@ -2,7 +2,15 @@

 import type {AdminAuditLog, BannedIpEntry, BannedIpKind, IAdminRepository} from '@app/api/admin/IAdminRepository';
 import {createUserID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
-import {deleteOneOrMany, fetchMany, fetchOne, upsertOne} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {ContentBlocklistCategory} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
+import {
+	deleteOneOrMany,
+	executeConditional,
+	fetchMany,
+	fetchOne,
+	upsertOne,
+} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
 import type {
 	AdminAuditLogRow,
 	BannedAvatarHashRow,
@@ -282,6 +290,7 @@ export class AdminRepository implements IAdminRepository {
 	}

 	async isEmailDomainDisposable(domain: string): Promise<boolean> {
+		if (!Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) return false;
 		const domainLower = domain.toLowerCase();
 		if (isAccountPolicyContactDomainReputationExempt(domainLower)) return false;
 		const result = await fetchOne<{
@@ -395,6 +404,15 @@ export class AdminRepository implements IAdminRepository {
 		await deleteOneOrMany(BannedFileShas.deleteByPk({sha256_hex: sha256Hex.toLowerCase()}));
 	}

+	async unbanFeedFileSha(sha256Hex: string): Promise<boolean> {
+		return executeConditional(
+			BannedFileShas.conditionalDeleteByPk(
+				{sha256_hex: sha256Hex.toLowerCase()},
+				{added_by: null, category: ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR},
+			),
+		);
+	}
+
 	async loadAllBannedFileShas(): Promise<Array<BannedFileShaRow>> {
 		return fetchMany<BannedFileShaRow>(LOAD_ALL_BANNED_FILE_SHAS_QUERY.bind({}));
 	}
@@ -109,6 +109,8 @@ export abstract class IAdminRepository {

 	abstract unbanFileSha(sha256Hex: string): Promise<void>;

+	abstract unbanFeedFileSha(sha256Hex: string): Promise<boolean>;
+
 	abstract loadAllBannedFileShas(): Promise<Array<BannedFileShaRow>>;

 	abstract isAvatarHashBanned(hashShort: string): Promise<boolean>;
@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ import {deriveSsoRedirectUri, normalizeAndValidateSsoConfig} from '@app/api/inst
 import {requireAdminACL} from '@app/api/middleware/AdminMiddleware';
 import {RateLimitMiddleware} from '@app/api/middleware/RateLimitMiddleware';
 import {OpenAPI} from '@app/api/middleware/ResponseTypeMiddleware';
-import {getGatewayRolloutConfigPublisher, getInstanceConfigRepository} from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
+import {
+	getGatewayRolloutConfigPublisher,
+	getInstanceConfigRepository,
+	getPushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher,
+} from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
 import {RateLimitConfigs} from '@app/api/RateLimitConfig';
 import type {HonoApp, HonoEnv} from '@app/api/types/HonoEnv';
 import {Validator} from '@app/api/Validator';
@@ -31,6 +35,7 @@ import {
 	RegistrationUrlIdParam,
 } from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/AdminSchemas';
 import {GatewayRolloutConfigSchema} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/GatewayRolloutSchemas';
+import {PushServiceDeliveryConfigSchema} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/PushServiceDeliverySchemas';
 import {ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/ScreenShareDeliverySchemas';
 import {VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigSchema} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/VoiceNoiseSuppressionSchemas';
 import {UserIdParam} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/common/CommonParamSchemas';
@@ -61,6 +66,7 @@ async function buildInstanceConfigResponse(): Promise<InstanceConfigResponse> {
 		gatewayRollout,
 		voiceNoiseSuppression,
 		screenShareDelivery,
+		pushServiceDelivery,
 		experimentDelivery,
 		registrationConfig,
 		registrationUrls,
@@ -70,6 +76,7 @@ async function buildInstanceConfigResponse(): Promise<InstanceConfigResponse> {
 		instanceConfigRepository.getGatewayRolloutConfig(),
 		instanceConfigRepository.getVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(),
 		instanceConfigRepository.getScreenShareDeliveryConfig(),
+		instanceConfigRepository.getPushServiceDeliveryConfig(),
 		instanceConfigRepository.getExperimentDeliveryConfig(),
 		instanceConfigRepository.getRegistrationConfig(),
 		instanceConfigRepository.getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin(),
@@ -102,6 +109,7 @@ async function buildInstanceConfigResponse(): Promise<InstanceConfigResponse> {
 		gateway_rollout: gatewayRollout,
 		voice_noise_suppression: voiceNoiseSuppression,
 		screen_share_delivery: screenShareDelivery,
+		push_service_delivery: pushServiceDelivery,
 		experiment_delivery: experimentDelivery,
 		registration: {
 			...registrationConfig,
@@ -247,43 +255,54 @@ export function InstanceConfigAdminController(app: HonoApp) {
 			const shouldGrantSetupCompleterAdmin =
 				appPublicBeforeUpdate !== null && completesInitialSetup(data, appPublicBeforeUpdate.setup.configured);
 			if (data.gateway_rollout) {
-				const currentRollout = await instanceConfigRepository.getGatewayRolloutConfig();
-				const merged = {...currentRollout, ...data.gateway_rollout};
-				const validated = GatewayRolloutConfigSchema.parse(merged);
-				await instanceConfigRepository.setGatewayRolloutConfig(validated);
-				await getGatewayRolloutConfigPublisher().publish(validated);
+				const patch = data.gateway_rollout;
+				const landed = await instanceConfigRepository.updateGatewayRolloutConfig((current) =>
+					GatewayRolloutConfigSchema.parse({...current, ...patch}),
+				);
+				await getGatewayRolloutConfigPublisher().publish(landed);
 			}
 			if (data.voice_noise_suppression) {
 				const patch = omitUndefinedFields(data.voice_noise_suppression);
 				if (Object.keys(patch).length > 0) {
-					const currentNoiseSuppression = await instanceConfigRepository.getVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig();
-					const validated = VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigSchema.parse({
-						...currentNoiseSuppression,
-						...patch,
-						config_version: currentNoiseSuppression.config_version + 1,
-					});
-					await instanceConfigRepository.setVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(validated);
+					await instanceConfigRepository.updateVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig((current) =>
+						VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigSchema.parse({
+							...current,
+							...patch,
+							config_version: current.config_version + 1,
+						}),
+					);
 				}
 			}
 			if (data.screen_share_delivery) {
 				const patch = omitUndefinedFields(data.screen_share_delivery);
 				if (Object.keys(patch).length > 0) {
-					const currentScreenShareDelivery = await instanceConfigRepository.getScreenShareDeliveryConfig();
-					const validated = ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema.parse({
-						...currentScreenShareDelivery,
-						...patch,
-						config_version: currentScreenShareDelivery.config_version + 1,
-					});
-					await instanceConfigRepository.setScreenShareDeliveryConfig(validated);
+					await instanceConfigRepository.updateScreenShareDeliveryConfig((current) =>
+						ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema.parse({
+							...current,
+							...patch,
+							config_version: current.config_version + 1,
+						}),
+					);
+				}
+			}
+			if (data.push_service_delivery) {
+				const patch = omitUndefinedFields(data.push_service_delivery);
+				if (Object.keys(patch).length > 0) {
+					const landed = await instanceConfigRepository.updatePushServiceDeliveryConfig((current) =>
+						PushServiceDeliveryConfigSchema.parse({
+							...current,
+							...patch,
+							config_version: current.config_version + 1,
+						}),
+					);
+					await getPushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher().publish(landed);
 				}
 			}
 			if (data.experiment_delivery) {
-				const currentExperimentDelivery = await instanceConfigRepository.getExperimentDeliveryConfig();
-				const validated = ExperimentDeliveryConfigSchema.parse({
-					...currentExperimentDelivery,
-					...data.experiment_delivery,
-				});
-				await instanceConfigRepository.setExperimentDeliveryConfig(validated);
+				const patch = data.experiment_delivery;
+				await instanceConfigRepository.updateExperimentDeliveryConfig((current) =>
+					ExperimentDeliveryConfigSchema.parse({...current, ...patch}),
+				);
 			}
 			if (data.sso) {
 				const sso = data.sso;
@@ -308,21 +327,22 @@ export function InstanceConfigAdminController(app: HonoApp) {
 				const validated = await normalizeAndValidateSsoConfig(next, {
 					testModeEnabled: Config.dev.testModeEnabled,
 				});
+				const supplied = <T>(field: keyof typeof sso, value: T): T | undefined =>
+					readOptionalField(sso, field) === undefined ? undefined : value;
 				await instanceConfigRepository.setSsoConfig({
-					enabled: validated.enabled,
-					enforced: validated.enforced,
-					displayName: next.displayName,
-					issuer: validated.issuer,
-					authorizationUrl: validated.authorizationUrl,
-					tokenUrl: validated.tokenUrl,
-					userInfoUrl: validated.userInfoUrl,
-					jwksUrl: validated.jwksUrl,
-					clientId: validated.clientId,
+					enabled: supplied('enabled', validated.enabled),
+					enforced: supplied('enforced', validated.enforced),
+					displayName: supplied('display_name', next.displayName),
+					issuer: supplied('issuer', validated.issuer),
+					authorizationUrl: supplied('authorization_url', validated.authorizationUrl),
+					tokenUrl: supplied('token_url', validated.tokenUrl),
+					userInfoUrl: supplied('userinfo_url', validated.userInfoUrl),
+					jwksUrl: supplied('jwks_url', validated.jwksUrl),
+					clientId: supplied('client_id', validated.clientId),
 					clientSecret: readOptionalField(sso, 'client_secret'),
-					scope: next.scope,
-					allowedEmailDomains: validated.allowedEmailDomains,
-					autoProvision: next.autoProvision,
-					redirectUri: null,
+					scope: supplied('scope', next.scope),
+					allowedEmailDomains: supplied('allowed_domains', validated.allowedEmailDomains),
+					autoProvision: supplied('auto_provision', next.autoProvision),
 				});
 			}
 			if (data.registration) {
@@ -625,7 +645,6 @@ export function InstanceConfigAdminController(app: HonoApp) {
 		async (ctx) => {
 			const userId = ctx.req.valid('param').user_id.toString();
 			const decision = ctx.req.valid('json').status === 'approved' ? 'approve' : 'reject';
-			await instanceConfigRepository.getPendingRegistrations();
 			await updatePendingRegistrationUser(ctx, userId, decision);
 			await instanceConfigRepository.removePendingRegistration(userId);
 			return ctx.json(await buildInstanceConfigResponse());
@@ -638,27 +657,47 @@ async function applyInstancePolicyUpdate(
 	policy: NonNullable<InstanceConfigUpdateRequest['policy']>,
 ): Promise<void> {
 	const instanceConfigRepository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
-	const [current, appPublic] = await Promise.all([
-		instanceConfigRepository.getInstancePolicyConfig(),
-		instanceConfigRepository.getAppPublicConfig(),
-	]);
+	const appPublic = await instanceConfigRepository.getAppPublicConfig();
+	const adminUser =
+		policy.single_community_enabled === true
+			? await ctx.get('userRepository').findUnique(ctx.get('adminUserId'))
+			: null;
+	let enablesSingleCommunity = false;
+	await instanceConfigRepository.updateInstancePolicyConfig((current) => {
+		const planned = planInstancePolicyPatch(policy, current, {
+			setupConfigured: appPublic.setup.configured,
+			adminUserFound: adminUser !== null,
+		});
+		enablesSingleCommunity = planned.enablesSingleCommunity;
+		return planned.patch;
+	});
+	if (enablesSingleCommunity && adminUser) {
+		await ctx.get('singleCommunityService').ensureStockCommunity({
+			owner: adminUser,
+			name: policy.single_community_name?.trim() || appPublic.branding.product_name,
+		});
+	}
+	if (policy.premium_mode !== undefined) {
+		await ctx.get('limitConfigService').updatePolicyConfig({premium_mode: policy.premium_mode});
+	}
+}
+
+function planInstancePolicyPatch(
+	policy: NonNullable<InstanceConfigUpdateRequest['policy']>,
+	current: InstancePolicyConfig,
+	context: {setupConfigured: boolean; adminUserFound: boolean},
+): {patch: Partial<InstancePolicyConfig>; enablesSingleCommunity: boolean} {
 	const patch: Partial<InstancePolicyConfig> = {};
+	let enablesSingleCommunity = false;
 	if (
 		policy.single_community_enabled !== undefined &&
 		policy.single_community_enabled !== current.single_community_enabled
 	) {
 		if (policy.single_community_enabled) {
-			if (appPublic.setup.configured && current.single_community_guild_id == null) {
+			if ((context.setupConfigured && current.single_community_guild_id == null) || !context.adminUserFound) {
 				throw new InstancePolicyTransitionNotAllowedError();
 			}
-			const adminUser = await ctx.get('userRepository').findUnique(ctx.get('adminUserId'));
-			if (!adminUser) {
-				throw new InstancePolicyTransitionNotAllowedError();
-			}
-			await ctx.get('singleCommunityService').ensureStockCommunity({
-				owner: adminUser,
-				name: policy.single_community_name?.trim() || appPublic.branding.product_name,
-			});
+			enablesSingleCommunity = true;
 		} else {
 			patch.single_community_enabled = false;
 		}
@@ -679,9 +718,6 @@ async function applyInstancePolicyUpdate(
 			patch.direct_messages_locked = true;
 		}
 	}
-	if (policy.premium_mode !== undefined) {
-		patch.premium_mode = policy.premium_mode;
-	}
 	if (policy.services) {
 		if (policy.services.gif_enabled !== undefined) {
 			patch.gif_enabled = policy.services.gif_enabled ?? null;
@@ -704,11 +740,7 @@ async function applyInstancePolicyUpdate(
 			patch.deferred_phone_gate_member_threshold = policy.deferred_phone_gate.member_threshold;
 		}
 	}
-	if (patch.premium_mode !== undefined) {
-		await ctx.get('limitConfigService').updatePolicyConfig(patch);
-	} else if (Object.keys(patch).length > 0) {
-		await instanceConfigRepository.setInstancePolicyConfig(patch);
-	}
+	return {patch, enablesSingleCommunity};
 }

 async function updatePendingRegistrationUser(
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import type {AdminAuditLog} from '@app/api/admin/IAdminRepository';
+import type {TestAccount} from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {createTestAccount, setUserACLs} from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher} from '@app/api/instance/PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher';
+import {InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor} from '@app/api/instance/tests/InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor';
+import {getAdminRepository} from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
+import type {ApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {createApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
+import {HTTP_STATUS} from '@app/api/test/TestConstants';
+import {createBuilder} from '@app/api/test/TestRequestBuilder';
+import {AdminACLs} from '@fluxer/constants/src/AdminACLs';
+import {APIErrorCodes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/ApiErrorCodes';
+import type {InstanceConfigResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/AdminSchemas';
+import {
+	DEFAULT_PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG,
+	type PushServiceDeliveryConfig,
+} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/PushServiceDeliverySchemas';
+import {afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'push_service_delivery_config';
+
+describe('instance config admin PATCH under concurrent writes', () => {
+	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
+	let executor: InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		harness = await createApiTestHarness();
+		executor = new InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor(new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		await harness.reset();
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		vi.restoreAllMocks();
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await harness.shutdown();
+	});
+
+	const createAdmin = async (): Promise<TestAccount> =>
+		await setUserACLs(harness, await createTestAccount(harness), [
+			AdminACLs.AUTHENTICATE,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_VIEW,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_UPDATE,
+		]);
+
+	const patchConfig = (admin: TestAccount, body: Record<string, unknown>) =>
+		createBuilder<InstanceConfigResponse>(harness, admin.token).patch('/admin/instance/config').body(body);
+
+	const spyOnPushDeliveryPublishes = () =>
+		vi.spyOn(PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher.prototype, 'publish').mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+
+	async function readStoredPushServiceDelivery(): Promise<PushServiceDeliveryConfig> {
+		const raw = await executor.readDirectly(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY);
+		if (raw === null) throw new Error('push service delivery config was never stored');
+		return JSON.parse(raw) as PushServiceDeliveryConfig;
+	}
+
+	async function listConfigUpdateAudits(): Promise<Array<AdminAuditLog>> {
+		const logs = await getAdminRepository().listAllAuditLogsPaginated(100000);
+		return logs.filter((log) => log.action === 'update_instance_config');
+	}
+
+	it('answers with a conflict and neither writes, publishes nor audits once every attempt has lost the race', async () => {
+		const publish = spyOnPushDeliveryPublishes();
+		const admin = await createAdmin();
+		await patchConfig(admin, {push_service_delivery: {enabled: true, rollout_basis_points: 1000}}).execute();
+		publish.mockClear();
+		const auditsBefore = await listConfigUpdateAudits();
+		executor.watch(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY);
+		let competingWrites = 0;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			competingWrites++;
+			await executor.writeDirectly(
+				PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY,
+				JSON.stringify({
+					...DEFAULT_PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG,
+					enabled: false,
+					rollout_basis_points: 1000,
+					config_version: 100 + competingWrites,
+				}),
+			);
+		});
+
+		await patchConfig(admin, {push_service_delivery: {rollout_basis_points: 5000}})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.CONFLICT, APIErrorCodes.CONFLICT)
+			.execute();
+
+		expect(executor.events).not.toContain('write');
+		expect(await readStoredPushServiceDelivery()).toEqual({
+			...DEFAULT_PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG,
+			enabled: false,
+			rollout_basis_points: 1000,
+			config_version: 100 + competingWrites,
+		});
+		expect(publish).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+		expect(await listConfigUpdateAudits()).toHaveLength(auditsBefore.length);
+	});
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import type {TestAccount} from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {createTestAccount, setUserACLs} from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor} from '@app/api/instance/tests/InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor';
+import type {ApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {createApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
+import {HTTP_STATUS} from '@app/api/test/TestConstants';
+import {createBuilder} from '@app/api/test/TestRequestBuilder';
+import {AdminACLs} from '@fluxer/constants/src/AdminACLs';
+import {APIErrorCodes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/ApiErrorCodes';
+import type {InstanceConfigResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/AdminSchemas';
+import {afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+const INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY = 'instance_policy_config';
+
+describe('instance config admin PATCH against state another node changed', () => {
+	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
+	let executor: InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		harness = await createApiTestHarness();
+		executor = new InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor(new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		await harness.reset();
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await harness.shutdown();
+	});
+
+	const createAdmin = async (): Promise<TestAccount> =>
+		await setUserACLs(harness, await createTestAccount(harness), [
+			AdminACLs.AUTHENTICATE,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_VIEW,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_UPDATE,
+		]);
+
+	const patchConfig = (admin: TestAccount, body: Record<string, unknown>) =>
+		createBuilder<InstanceConfigResponse>(harness, admin.token).patch('/admin/instance/config').body(body);
+
+	it('keeps an SSO field another node changed when a patch changes a different one', async () => {
+		const admin = await createAdmin();
+		await patchConfig(admin, {sso: {display_name: 'Before', client_id: 'client-before'}}).execute();
+		await executor.writeDirectly('sso_display_name', 'Changed on another node');
+
+		await patchConfig(admin, {sso: {client_id: 'client-after'}}).execute();
+
+		expect(await executor.readDirectly('sso_display_name')).toBe('Changed on another node');
+		expect(await executor.readDirectly('sso_client_id')).toBe('client-after');
+	});
+
+	it('refuses to disable direct messages when their lock lands between the read and the write', async () => {
+		const admin = await createAdmin();
+		await patchConfig(admin, {policy: {services: {gif_enabled: true}}}).execute();
+		executor.watch(INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY);
+		let competed = false;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			if (competed) return;
+			competed = true;
+			await executor.writeDirectly(
+				INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY,
+				JSON.stringify({direct_messages_disabled: false, direct_messages_locked: true, gif_enabled: true}),
+			);
+		});
+
+		await patchConfig(admin, {policy: {direct_messages_disabled: true}})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST, APIErrorCodes.INSTANCE_POLICY_TRANSITION_NOT_ALLOWED)
+			.execute();
+
+		const stored = JSON.parse((await executor.readDirectly(INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY)) ?? 'null');
+		expect(stored).toMatchObject({direct_messages_disabled: false, direct_messages_locked: true, gif_enabled: true});
+	});
+
+	it('applies the DM rule and a premium mode change from one request', async () => {
+		const admin = await createAdmin();
+		await patchConfig(admin, {policy: {direct_messages_disabled: true}}).execute();
+
+		const updated = await patchConfig(admin, {
+			policy: {direct_messages_disabled: false, premium_mode: 'mirror'},
+		}).execute();
+
+		expect(updated.policy).toMatchObject({
+			direct_messages_disabled: false,
+			direct_messages_locked: true,
+			premium_mode: 'mirror',
+		});
+	});
+});
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ import * as AuthUtility from '@app/api/auth/AuthUtility';
 import type {IRegistrationRiskEvaluator} from '@app/api/auth/services/IRegistrationRiskEvaluator';
 import {createEmailVerificationToken, createInviteCode, createUserID, type UserID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
 import type {APIConfig} from '@app/api/config/APIConfig';
+import type {UserRow} from '@app/api/database/types/UserTypes';
 import type {IDiscriminatorService} from '@app/api/infrastructure/DiscriminatorService';
 import type {KVActivityTracker} from '@app/api/infrastructure/KVActivityTracker';
 import {
 	type InstanceConfigRepository,
 	type InstanceRegistrationUrl,
 	REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVAL_TRAIT,
+	type RegistrationUrlClaim,
 } from '@app/api/instance/InstanceConfigRepository';
 import type {SingleCommunityService} from '@app/api/instance/SingleCommunityService';
 import type {InviteService} from '@app/api/invite/InviteService';
@@ -135,9 +137,6 @@ export async function register(
 	}
 	const now = new Date();
 	const registrationAccess = await resolveRegistrationAccess(instanceConfigRepository, data.registration_url_code);
-	if (registrationAccess.pendingApproval) {
-		await instanceConfigRepository.getPendingRegistrations();
-	}
 	const clientIp = requireClientIp(request, {
 		trustClientIpHeader: config.proxy.trust_client_ip_header,
 		clientIpHeaderName: config.proxy.client_ip_header,
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ export async function register(
 	const userLocale = parseAcceptLanguage(acceptLanguage);
 	const passwordHash = data.password ? await AuthPassword.hashPassword(ctx, data.password) : null;
 	const flags = config.nodeEnv === 'development' ? UserFlags.STAFF : 0n;
-	let user = await users.create({
+	const userRow: UserRow = {
 		user_id: userId,
 		username,
 		discriminator,
@@ -287,7 +286,39 @@ export async function register(
 		mention_flags: null,
 		last_voice_activity_sharing_change_at: null,
 		version: 1,
-	});
+	};
+	const registrationUrlUse = await claimRegistrationUrlUse(
+		instanceConfigRepository,
+		registrationAccess.registrationUrl,
+		userId,
+	);
+	let user: User;
+	let createAttempted = false;
+	try {
+		if (registrationAccess.pendingApproval) {
+			await instanceConfigRepository.addPendingRegistration({
+				user_id: userId.toString(),
+				username: userRow.username,
+				discriminator: userRow.discriminator,
+				global_name: userRow.global_name,
+				email: rawEmail,
+				requested_at: now.toISOString(),
+				registration_url_id: registrationAccess.registrationUrl?.id ?? null,
+				client_ip: clientIp,
+			});
+		}
+		createAttempted = true;
+		user = await users.create(userRow);
+	} catch (error) {
+		if (!createAttempted) {
+			await withdrawSignupOfUncreatedAccount(instanceConfigRepository, {
+				userId,
+				registrationUrlUse,
+				pendingApproval: registrationAccess.pendingApproval,
+			});
+		}
+		throw error;
+	}
 	await users.upsertSettings(
 		UserSettings.getDefaultUserSettings({
 			userId,
@@ -401,20 +432,7 @@ export async function register(
 	}
 	if (rawEmail && emailEnabled) await maybeSendVerificationEmail(ctx, {user, email: rawEmail});
 	await users.createAuthorizedIp(userId, clientIp);
-	if (registrationAccess.registrationUrl) {
-		await instanceConfigRepository.recordRegistrationUrlUse(registrationAccess.registrationUrl.id, user.id.toString());
-	}
 	if (registrationAccess.pendingApproval) {
-		await instanceConfigRepository.addPendingRegistration({
-			user_id: user.id.toString(),
-			username: user.username,
-			discriminator: user.discriminator,
-			global_name: user.globalName,
-			email: rawEmail,
-			requested_at: now.toISOString(),
-			registration_url_id: registrationAccess.registrationUrl?.id ?? null,
-			client_ip: clientIp,
-		});
 		return {
 			registration_pending_approval: true,
 			user_id: user.id.toString(),
@@ -469,6 +487,38 @@ function shouldAttemptBootstrapAdminGrant(
 	);
 }

+async function claimRegistrationUrlUse(
+	instanceConfigRepository: InstanceConfigRepository,
+	registrationUrl: InstanceRegistrationUrl | null,
+	userId: UserID,
+): Promise<RegistrationUrlClaim | null> {
+	if (registrationUrl === null) return null;
+	const use = await instanceConfigRepository.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, userId.toString());
+	if (use === null) {
+		throw new RegistrationUrlInvalidError();
+	}
+	return use;
+}
+
+async function withdrawSignupOfUncreatedAccount(
+	instanceConfigRepository: InstanceConfigRepository,
+	signup: {userId: UserID; registrationUrlUse: RegistrationUrlClaim | null; pendingApproval: boolean},
+): Promise<void> {
+	try {
+		if (signup.registrationUrlUse !== null) {
+			await instanceConfigRepository.releaseRegistrationUrlUse(signup.registrationUrlUse);
+		}
+		if (signup.pendingApproval) {
+			await instanceConfigRepository.removePendingRegistration(signup.userId.toString());
+		}
+	} catch (error) {
+		Logger.warn(
+			{userId: signup.userId.toString(), registrationUrlId: signup.registrationUrlUse?.registration_url_id, error},
+			'[AuthRegistration] Failed to withdraw the registration URL use or pending approval of an account that was never created',
+		);
+	}
+}
+
 async function resolveRegistrationAccess(
 	instanceConfigRepository: InstanceConfigRepository,
 	registrationUrlCode: string | null | undefined,
@@ -382,21 +382,8 @@ export class SsoService {
 			throw new RegistrationClosedError();
 		}
 		const pendingApproval = registrationConfig.mode === 'approval';
-		if (pendingApproval) {
-			await this.instanceConfigRepository.getPendingRegistrations();
-		}
 		const user = await this.provisionUserFromClaims(claims, config, {pendingApproval});
 		if (pendingApproval) {
-			await this.instanceConfigRepository.addPendingRegistration({
-				user_id: user.id.toString(),
-				username: user.username,
-				discriminator: user.discriminator,
-				global_name: user.globalName,
-				email: user.email,
-				requested_at: new Date().toISOString(),
-				registration_url_id: null,
-				client_ip: null,
-			});
 			throw new RegistrationPendingApprovalError();
 		}
 		return user;
@@ -537,8 +524,22 @@ export class SsoService {
 			version: 1,
 		} as const;
 		await this.claimSsoIdentity(userId, claims.sub, config);
+		let createAttempted = false;
 		let userCreated = false;
 		try {
+			if (options?.pendingApproval) {
+				await this.instanceConfigRepository.addPendingRegistration({
+					user_id: userId.toString(),
+					username,
+					discriminator: discriminatorResult.discriminator,
+					global_name: globalName,
+					email: userRow.email,
+					requested_at: now.toISOString(),
+					registration_url_id: null,
+					client_ip: null,
+				});
+			}
+			createAttempted = true;
 			const user = await users.create(userRow);
 			userCreated = true;
 			await users.upsertSettings(
@@ -557,6 +558,16 @@ export class SsoService {
 				await this.ssoIdentityRepository.releaseIdentity(config.providerId, claims.sub).catch((releaseError) => {
 					getLogger().error({releaseError}, 'Failed to release SSO identity after user provisioning failed');
 				});
+				if (options?.pendingApproval && !createAttempted) {
+					await this.instanceConfigRepository
+						.removePendingRegistration(userId.toString())
+						.catch((removeError: unknown) => {
+							getLogger().error(
+								{userId: userId.toString(), removeError},
+								'Failed to withdraw the pending approval of an SSO user that was never created',
+							);
+						});
+				}
 			}
 			throw error;
 		}
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {createHash} from 'node:crypto';
+import {
+	createAuthHarness,
+	createTestAccount,
+	createUniqueEmail,
+	createUniqueUsername,
+	enableSso,
+	setUserACLs,
+	type TestAccount,
+} from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {createUserID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
+import type {UserRow} from '@app/api/database/types/UserTypes';
+import {
+	InstanceConfigRepository,
+	REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVAL_TRAIT,
+} from '@app/api/instance/InstanceConfigRepository';
+import {getInstanceConfigRepository} from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
+import type {ApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {HTTP_STATUS} from '@app/api/test/TestConstants';
+import {createBuilder, createBuilderWithoutAuth} from '@app/api/test/TestRequestBuilder';
+import {UserRepository} from '@app/api/user/repositories/UserRepository';
+import {AdminACLs} from '@fluxer/constants/src/AdminACLs';
+import {APIErrorCodes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/ApiErrorCodes';
+import type {InstanceConfigResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/AdminSchemas';
+import {afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY = 'registration_urls';
+const REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY = 'registration_pending_approvals';
+
+interface RegistrationResponse {
+	user_id?: string;
+	token?: string;
+	registration_pending_approval?: true;
+	code?: string;
+}
+
+function registrationBody(prefix: string, registrationUrlCode?: string): Record<string, unknown> {
+	return {
+		email: createUniqueEmail(prefix),
+		username: createUniqueUsername(prefix),
+		global_name: 'Signup Race',
+		password: 'a-strong-password',
+		date_of_birth: '2000-01-01',
+		consent: true,
+		...(registrationUrlCode === undefined ? {} : {registration_url_code: registrationUrlCode}),
+	};
+}
+
+describe('signups racing on registration URLs and pending approvals', () => {
+	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
+	let admin: TestAccount;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		harness = await createAuthHarness();
+	});
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		await harness.reset();
+		admin = await setUserACLs(harness, await createTestAccount(harness), [
+			AdminACLs.AUTHENTICATE,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_VIEW,
+			AdminACLs.INSTANCE_CONFIG_UPDATE,
+		]);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		vi.restoreAllMocks();
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await harness?.shutdown();
+	});
+
+	const register = (prefix: string, registrationUrlCode?: string) =>
+		createBuilderWithoutAuth<RegistrationResponse>(harness)
+			.post('/auth/register')
+			.body(registrationBody(prefix, registrationUrlCode))
+			.executeRaw();
+
+	const readAdminConfig = (): Promise<InstanceConfigResponse> =>
+		createBuilder<InstanceConfigResponse>(harness, admin.token).get('/admin/instance/config').execute();
+
+	const completeSso = async (prefix: string) => {
+		const start = await createBuilderWithoutAuth<{state: string}>(harness)
+			.post('/auth/sso/start')
+			.body({redirect_to: '/me'})
+			.execute();
+		return createBuilderWithoutAuth(harness)
+			.post('/auth/sso/complete')
+			.body({code: createUniqueEmail(prefix), state: start.state})
+			.executeRaw();
+	};
+
+	const failCreateAfterTheUserRowIsWritten = () => {
+		const create = UserRepository.prototype.create;
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'create').mockImplementationOnce(async function (
+			this: UserRepository,
+			row: UserRow,
+		) {
+			await create.call(this, row);
+			throw new Error('the user indexes could not be written after the user row');
+		});
+	};
+
+	const failAfterThePendingApprovalIsStored = () => {
+		const addPendingRegistration = InstanceConfigRepository.prototype.addPendingRegistration;
+		vi.spyOn(InstanceConfigRepository.prototype, 'addPendingRegistration').mockImplementationOnce(async function (
+			this: InstanceConfigRepository,
+			entry: Parameters<InstanceConfigRepository['addPendingRegistration']>[0],
+		) {
+			await addPendingRegistration.call(this, entry);
+			throw new Error('the pending approval could not be published');
+		});
+	};
+
+	const expectOnePendingAccount = async () => {
+		const pending = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations;
+		expect(pending).toHaveLength(1);
+		const account = await new UserRepository().findUnique(createUserID(BigInt(pending[0]!.user_id)));
+		expect(account?.traits.has(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVAL_TRAIT)).toBe(true);
+	};
+
+	it('never lets concurrent signups through a capped registration URL exceed max_uses', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Capped',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: 2,
+			approvalRequired: false,
+		});
+
+		const attempts = await Promise.all(Array.from({length: 6}, (_, index) => register(`capped${index}`, code)));
+
+		const admitted = attempts.filter((attempt) => attempt.response.status === HTTP_STATUS.OK);
+		const refused = attempts.filter((attempt) => attempt.response.status !== HTTP_STATUS.OK);
+		expect(admitted).toHaveLength(2);
+		for (const attempt of refused) {
+			expect(attempt.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST);
+			expect(attempt.json.code).toBe(APIErrorCodes.REGISTRATION_URL_INVALID);
+		}
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored?.use_count).toBe(2);
+		expect(admitted.map((attempt) => attempt.json.user_id)).toContain(stored?.last_used_by_user_id);
+	});
+
+	it('admits exactly max_uses when 120 signups race through a registration URL capped at 40', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Capped at 40',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: 40,
+			approvalRequired: false,
+		});
+		const registerUntilDecided = async (prefix: string) => {
+			for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 20; attempt += 1) {
+				const result = await register(`${prefix}r${attempt}`, code);
+				if (result.response.status !== HTTP_STATUS.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE) return result;
+			}
+			throw new Error('a signup never reached a decision');
+		};
+
+		const attempts = await Promise.all(Array.from({length: 120}, (_, index) => registerUntilDecided(`surge${index}`)));
+
+		const admitted = attempts.filter((attempt) => attempt.response.status === HTTP_STATUS.OK);
+		expect(admitted).toHaveLength(40);
+		for (const attempt of attempts.filter((entry) => entry.response.status !== HTTP_STATUS.OK)) {
+			expect(attempt.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST);
+			expect(attempt.json.code).toBe(APIErrorCodes.REGISTRATION_URL_INVALID);
+		}
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored?.use_count).toBe(40);
+	});
+
+	it('counts every concurrent signup through an uncapped registration URL', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Uncapped',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: null,
+			approvalRequired: false,
+		});
+
+		const attempts = await Promise.all(Array.from({length: 5}, (_, index) => register(`uncapped${index}`, code)));
+
+		expect(attempts.map((attempt) => attempt.response.status)).toEqual(Array(5).fill(HTTP_STATUS.OK));
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored?.use_count).toBe(5);
+	});
+
+	it('gives the seat and the pending entry back when the signup failed before the account was created', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Single use',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: 1,
+			approvalRequired: true,
+		});
+		failAfterThePendingApprovalIsStored();
+
+		const failed = await register('seatreleased', code);
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		const withdrawn = await readAdminConfig();
+		expect(withdrawn.registration.pending_registrations).toEqual([]);
+		expect(withdrawn.registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id)?.use_count).toBe(0);
+
+		const retried = await register('seatreleasedretry', code);
+
+		expect(retried.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.OK);
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored).toMatchObject({use_count: 1, last_used_by_user_id: retried.json.user_id});
+	});
+
+	it('keeps the seat when the account create itself failed, because the row may still have landed', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Single use',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: 1,
+			approvalRequired: false,
+		});
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'create').mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('the user row write failed'));
+
+		const failed = await register('seatkeptoncreate', code);
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		const second = await register('seatkeptcreate2', code);
+
+		expect(second.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST);
+		expect(second.json.code).toBe(APIErrorCodes.REGISTRATION_URL_INVALID);
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored?.use_count).toBe(1);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps the seat of an account whose row was written before its creation failed', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await repository.createRegistrationUrl({
+			label: 'Single use',
+			createdByUserId: '1',
+			expiresAt: null,
+			maxUses: 1,
+			approvalRequired: false,
+		});
+		failCreateAfterTheUserRowIsWritten();
+
+		const failed = await register('seatkept', code);
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		const second = await register('seatkeptsecond', code);
+
+		expect(second.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST);
+		expect(second.json.code).toBe(APIErrorCodes.REGISTRATION_URL_INVALID);
+		const stored = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === registrationUrl.id);
+		expect(stored?.use_count).toBe(1);
+	});
+
+	it('honours the use count and cap already stored on a registration URL', async () => {
+		const repository = getInstanceConfigRepository();
+		await repository.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		const id = 'b3c4f0b2-8a6e-4c41-9f55-3f0c2a7d1e90';
+		await repository.setConfig(
+			REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY,
+			JSON.stringify([
+				{
+					id,
+					label: 'Issued earlier',
+					code_hash: createHash('sha256').update(id).digest('hex'),
+					created_by_user_id: '1400000000000000001',
+					created_at: '2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+					expires_at: null,
+					max_uses: 2,
+					use_count: 1,
+					revoked_at: null,
+					approval_required: false,
+					last_used_at: '2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z',
+					last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000002',
+				},
+			]),
+		);
+
+		const before = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === id);
+		expect(before).toMatchObject({use_count: 1, max_uses: 2, last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000002'});
+
+		const first = await register('storedinvite', id);
+		expect(first.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.OK);
+		const second = await register('storedinviteagain', id);
+		expect(second.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST);
+		expect(second.json.code).toBe(APIErrorCodes.REGISTRATION_URL_INVALID);
+
+		const after = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.urls.find((url) => url.id === id);
+		expect(after).toMatchObject({use_count: 2, max_uses: 2, last_used_by_user_id: first.json.user_id});
+	});
+
+	it('keeps every pending approval when approval-mode signups race', async () => {
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+
+		const attempts = await Promise.all(Array.from({length: 5}, (_, index) => register(`pending${index}`)));
+
+		expect(attempts.map((attempt) => attempt.json.registration_pending_approval)).toEqual(Array(5).fill(true));
+		const pending = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations.map((entry) => entry.user_id);
+		expect(pending.toSorted()).toEqual(attempts.map((attempt) => attempt.json.user_id).toSorted());
+	});
+
+	it('lists an approval-mode account whose signup failed after the account was created', async () => {
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'createAuthorizedIp').mockRejectedValueOnce(
+			new Error('the authorized IP write failed'),
+		);
+
+		const failed = await register('pendingstranded');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		await expectOnePendingAccount();
+	});
+
+	it('lists an approval-mode account whose row was written before its creation failed', async () => {
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		failCreateAfterTheUserRowIsWritten();
+
+		const failed = await register('pendingrowwritten');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		await expectOnePendingAccount();
+	});
+
+	it('keeps the pending approval of an approval-mode signup whose account create failed', async () => {
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'create').mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('the user row write failed'));
+
+		const failed = await register('pendingkept');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		expect((await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations).toHaveLength(1);
+	});
+
+	it('lists no pending approval for an approval-mode signup that failed before the account was created', async () => {
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		failAfterThePendingApprovalIsStored();
+
+		const failed = await register('pendingnever');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		expect((await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('lists an SSO account provisioned in approval mode whose provisioning failed after the account was created', async () => {
+		await enableSso(harness, admin.token, {enforced: false});
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'upsertSettings').mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('the settings write failed'));
+
+		const failed = await completeSso('ssopendingstranded');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		await expectOnePendingAccount();
+	});
+
+	it('lists an SSO account provisioned in approval mode whose row was written before its creation failed', async () => {
+		await enableSso(harness, admin.token, {enforced: false});
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		failCreateAfterTheUserRowIsWritten();
+
+		const failed = await completeSso('ssopendingrowwritten');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		await expectOnePendingAccount();
+	});
+
+	it('keeps the pending approval of an SSO signup in approval mode whose account create failed', async () => {
+		await enableSso(harness, admin.token, {enforced: false});
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		vi.spyOn(UserRepository.prototype, 'create').mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('the user row write failed'));
+
+		const failed = await completeSso('ssopendingkept');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		expect((await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations).toHaveLength(1);
+	});
+
+	it('lists no pending approval for an SSO signup in approval mode that failed before the account was created', async () => {
+		await enableSso(harness, admin.token, {enforced: false});
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		failAfterThePendingApprovalIsStored();
+
+		const failed = await completeSso('ssopendingnever');
+
+		expect(failed.response.status).toBe(HTTP_STATUS.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+		expect((await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a stored pending approval listed until an admin decides it', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setConfig(
+			REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY,
+			JSON.stringify([
+				{
+					user_id: account.userId,
+					username: 'stored_pending',
+					discriminator: 1,
+					global_name: null,
+					email: account.email,
+					requested_at: '2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+					registration_url_id: null,
+					client_ip: '127.0.0.1',
+				},
+			]),
+		);
+		await getInstanceConfigRepository().setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		const fresh = await register('pendingafter');
+
+		const listed = (await readAdminConfig()).registration.pending_registrations.map((entry) => entry.user_id);
+		expect(listed.toSorted()).toEqual([account.userId, fresh.json.user_id].toSorted());
+
+		const decided = await createBuilder<InstanceConfigResponse>(harness, admin.token)
+			.patch(`/admin/instance/pending-registrations/${account.userId}`)
+			.body({status: 'approved'})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.OK)
+			.execute();
+
+		expect(decided.registration.pending_registrations.map((entry) => entry.user_id)).toEqual([fresh.json.user_id]);
+		expect(
+			JSON.parse(
+				(await getInstanceConfigRepository().getConfig(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY)) ?? 'null',
+			) as Array<{user_id: string}>,
+		).toEqual([expect.objectContaining({user_id: fresh.json.user_id})]);
+	});
+});
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import type {AttachmentID, ChannelID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
 import type {AttachmentRequestData} from '@app/api/channel/AttachmentDTOs';
 import type {RichEmbedMediaWithMetadata} from '@app/api/channel/EmbedTypes';
-import {makeAttachmentCdnUrl} from '@app/api/channel/services/message/MessageHelpers';
+import {getContentType, makeAttachmentCdnUrl} from '@app/api/channel/services/message/MessageHelpers';
 import {ValidationErrorCodes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/ValidationErrorCodes';
 import {InputValidationError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/core/InputValidationError';
 import type {RichEmbedRequest} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/message/MessageRequestSchemas';
@@ -26,7 +26,10 @@ interface RichEmbedRequestWithMetadata extends Omit<RichEmbedRequest, 'image' |
 	thumbnail?: RichEmbedMediaWithMetadata | null;
 }

-const SUPPORTED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS = new Set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'webp', 'gif']);
+function isEmbeddableMediaType(contentType: string): boolean {
+	const normalized = contentType.toLowerCase();
+	return normalized.startsWith('image/') || normalized.startsWith('video/');
+}

 export class MessageEmbedAttachmentResolver {
 	validateAttachmentReferences(params: {
@@ -69,8 +72,7 @@ export class MessageEmbedAttachmentResolver {
 					{filename},
 				);
 			}
-			const extension = filename.split('.').pop()?.toLowerCase();
-			if (!extension || !SUPPORTED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS.has(extension)) {
+			if (!isEmbeddableMediaType(getContentType(filename))) {
 				throw InputValidationError.fromCode(
 					`embeds[${embedIndex}].${field}`,
 					ValidationErrorCodes.ATTACHMENT_MUST_BE_IMAGE,
@@ -137,8 +139,7 @@ export class MessageEmbedAttachmentResolver {
 			if (!attachmentData) {
 				throw InputValidationError.fromCode(field, ValidationErrorCodes.REFERENCED_ATTACHMENT_NOT_FOUND, {filename});
 			}
-			const extension = filename.split('.').pop()?.toLowerCase();
-			if (!extension || !SUPPORTED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS.has(extension)) {
+			if (!isEmbeddableMediaType(attachmentData.metadata.content_type)) {
 				throw InputValidationError.fromCode(field, ValidationErrorCodes.ATTACHMENT_MUST_BE_IMAGE, {filename});
 			}
 			return attachmentData;
@@ -512,6 +512,34 @@ describe('Embed Attachment URL Resolution', () => {
 			expect(json.embeds).toHaveLength(1);
 			expect(json.embeds![0].image?.url).not.toContain('attachment://');
 		});
+		it('should accept image and video attachments beyond the legacy image extensions', async () => {
+			const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+			const guild = await createGuild(harness, account.token, 'Media Type Guild');
+			const channel = await createChannel(harness, account.token, guild.id, 'test-channel');
+			const channelId = guild.system_channel_id ?? channel.id;
+			const payload = {
+				content: 'Test with jxl and mp4 embed media',
+				attachments: [
+					{id: 0, filename: 'photo.jxl'},
+					{id: 1, filename: 'clip.mp4'},
+				],
+				embeds: [
+					{
+						title: 'Media Embed',
+						image: {url: 'attachment://clip.mp4'},
+						thumbnail: {url: 'attachment://photo.jxl'},
+					},
+				],
+			};
+			const {response, json} = await sendMessageWithAttachments(harness, account.token, channelId, payload, [
+				{index: 0, filename: 'photo.jxl', data: Buffer.from('jxl bytes')},
+				{index: 1, filename: 'clip.mp4', data: Buffer.from('mp4 bytes')},
+			]);
+			expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+			expect(json.embeds).toHaveLength(1);
+			expect(json.embeds![0].image?.url).not.toContain('attachment://');
+			expect(json.embeds![0].thumbnail?.url).not.toContain('attachment://');
+		});
 	});
 	describe('Multiple Embeds and Files', () => {
 		it('should handle multiple embeds with different URL types', async () => {
@@ -143,8 +143,6 @@ export interface APIConfig {
 		donationProxyKey: string;
 	};
 	hosts: {
-		invite: string;
-		gift: string;
 		marketing: string;
 		unfurlIgnored: Array<string>;
 	};
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+import type {BannedFileShaRow} from '@app/api/database/types/AdminArchiveTypes';
+
 export const BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL = 'banned_urls_refresh';
 export const BANNED_URL_DOMAINS_REFRESH_CHANNEL = 'banned_url_domains_refresh';
 export const BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL = 'banned_file_shas_refresh';
@@ -23,3 +25,7 @@ export const ContentBlocklistCategory = {
 	GIFCT: 'gifct',
 	STOP_NCII: 'stop_ncii',
 } as const;
+
+export function isBlocklistFeedFileSha(row: Pick<BannedFileShaRow, 'category' | 'added_by'>): boolean {
+	return row.added_by == null && row.category === ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR;
+}
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 {
-	"auth.unknown_location": "Ubicación desconocida",
-	"billing.donation_description_monthly": "Donación mensual para apoyar a {product_name}",
-	"billing.donation_description_one_time": "Donación única para apoyar a {product_name}",
-	"billing.donation_description_yearly": "Donación anual para apoyar a {product_name}",
-	"billing.donation_name_one_time": "Donación a {product_name}",
-	"billing.donation_name_recurring": "Donación recurrente a {product_name}",
-	"billing.eu_withdrawal_waiver_checkout": "Si soy un consumidor de la UE/EEE, doy mi consentimiento expreso para que el contenido digital de {product_name} {premium_tier_name} se proporcione de inmediato y reconozco que pierdo mi derecho legal de desistimiento una vez que se otorgue el acceso. Esto no afecta otros derechos de consumo obligatorios. Consulta los [Términos de servicio]({terms_url}).",
-	"bulk_message_deletion.complete": "Terminamos de eliminar tus mensajes. Eliminamos {message_count, plural, =0 {0 mensajes} one {# mensaje} other {# mensajes}} de {channel_count, plural, =0 {0 lugares} one {# lugar} other {# lugares}}.",
-	"content.virus_detected": "Ese archivo fue marcado como potencialmente inseguro y se ha eliminado.",
-	"guild.bulk_create.emoji_limit": "Se alcanzó el límite máximo de emojis ({limit}).",
-	"guild.bulk_create.sticker_limit": "Se alcanzó el límite máximo de stickers ({limit}).",
-	"guild.bulk_create.unknown_error": "Error desconocido.",
-	"guild.default_category_text": "Canales de texto",
-	"guild.default_category_voice": "Canales de voz",
-	"guild.default_channel_text": "general",
-	"guild.default_channel_voice": "General"
+    "auth.unknown_location": "Ubicación desconocida",
+    "billing.donation_description_monthly": "Donación mensual para apoyar a {product_name}",
+    "billing.donation_description_one_time": "Donación única para apoyar a {product_name}",
+    "billing.donation_description_yearly": "Donación anual para apoyar a {product_name}",
+    "billing.donation_name_one_time": "Donación a {product_name}",
+    "billing.donation_name_recurring": "Donación recurrente a {product_name}",
+    "billing.eu_withdrawal_waiver_checkout": "Si soy un consumidor de la UE/EEE, doy mi consentimiento expreso para que el contenido digital de {product_name} {premium_tier_name} se proporcione de inmediato y reconozco que pierdo mi derecho legal de desistimiento una vez que se otorgue el acceso. Esto no afecta otros derechos de consumo obligatorios. Consulta los [Términos de servicio]({terms_url}).",
+    "bulk_message_deletion.complete": "Terminamos de eliminar tus mensajes. Eliminamos {message_count, plural, =0 {0 mensajes} one {# mensaje} other {# mensajes}} de {channel_count, plural, =0 {0 lugares} one {# lugar} other {# lugares}}.",
+    "content.virus_detected": "Ese archivo fue marcado como potencialmente inseguro y se ha eliminado.",
+    "guild.bulk_create.emoji_limit": "Se alcanzó el límite máximo de emojis ({limit}).",
+    "guild.bulk_create.sticker_limit": "Se alcanzó el límite máximo de stickers ({limit}).",
+    "guild.bulk_create.unknown_error": "Error desconocido.",
+    "guild.default_category_text": "Canales de texto",
+    "guild.default_category_voice": "Canales de voz",
+    "guild.default_channel_text": "general",
+    "guild.default_channel_voice": "General"
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import {fileURLToPath} from 'node:url';
+import {DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvDefaultTtlExpiry';
+import * as DonationTables from '@app/api/donation/DonationTables';
+import * as Tables from '@app/api/Tables';
+import {IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS, IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS} from '@pkgs/geoip/src/PostgresIpInfoKv';
+import {describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+const THIS_DIR = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const REPO_ROOT = path.resolve(THIS_DIR, '../../../..');
+
+interface SchemaTable {
+	name: string;
+	options: string;
+}
+
+const SCHEMA = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(REPO_ROOT, 'tools/dev/cassandra_target_schema.json'), 'utf8')) as {
+	tables: Array<SchemaTable>;
+};
+
+const SCHEMA_DEFAULTS = new Map<string, number>(
+	SCHEMA.tables.flatMap((table): Array<[string, number]> => {
+		const match = /default_time_to_live = (\d+)/.exec(table.options);
+		return match ? [[table.name, Number(match[1])]] : [];
+	}),
+);
+
+const DSL_TABLES = [...Object.values(Tables), ...Object.values(DonationTables)];
+const DSL_NAMES = new Set<string>(DSL_TABLES.map((table) => table.name));
+
+const NON_DSL_DEFAULTS: Record<string, number | null> = {
+	ipinfo_cache: IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS,
+	ipinfo_requests_by_hour: IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS,
+	billing_webhook_events: null,
+	forensic_identifier_by_key_day: null,
+	forensic_identifier_by_request: null,
+	forensic_request_meta_by_actor_day: null,
+	forensic_request_meta_by_id: null,
+	forensic_request_meta_by_route_day_shard: null,
+	forensic_resource_exposure_by_request: null,
+	forensic_resource_exposure_by_route_day_shard: null,
+	forensic_resource_exposure_by_subject_day: null,
+};
+
+const OWN_EXPIRY_PASS = new Set(['jobs_by_id', 'jobs_by_day_bucket']);
+
+function schemaDefault(name: string): number {
+	return SCHEMA_DEFAULTS.get(name) ?? 0;
+}
+
+function byName(left: {name: string}, right: {name: string}): number {
+	return left.name.localeCompare(right.name);
+}
+
+describe('Cassandra default TTL parity', () => {
+	it('declares every Cassandra default TTL on the matching table', () => {
+		const mismatches = DSL_TABLES.flatMap((table) => {
+			const declared = table.defaultTtlSeconds ?? 0;
+			return declared === schemaDefault(table.name)
+				? []
+				: [{table: table.name, declared, schema: schemaDefault(table.name)}];
+		});
+		expect(mismatches).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('declares a writer or no writer for every other table with a default', () => {
+		const undeclared = [...SCHEMA_DEFAULTS]
+			.filter(([name, ttl]) => ttl > 0 && !DSL_NAMES.has(name) && !Object.hasOwn(NON_DSL_DEFAULTS, name))
+			.map(([name]) => name);
+		expect(undeclared).toEqual([]);
+		const stale = Object.keys(NON_DSL_DEFAULTS).filter((name) => schemaDefault(name) === 0 || DSL_NAMES.has(name));
+		expect(stale).toEqual([]);
+		const mismatched = Object.entries(NON_DSL_DEFAULTS)
+			.filter(([name, ttl]) => ttl !== null && ttl !== schemaDefault(name))
+			.map(([name]) => name);
+		expect(mismatched).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('the Postgres expiry pass covers every table with a default except the job ledger', () => {
+		const expected = [...SCHEMA_DEFAULTS]
+			.filter(([name, ttl]) => ttl > 0 && NON_DSL_DEFAULTS[name] !== null && !OWN_EXPIRY_PASS.has(name))
+			.map(([name, ttl]) => ({name, defaultTtlSeconds: ttl}))
+			.sort(byName);
+		expect([...DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES].sort(byName)).toEqual(expected);
+	});
+});
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ interface TableMetadata {
 	columns: ReadonlyArray<string>;
 	primaryKey: ReadonlyArray<string>;
 	partitionKey: ReadonlyArray<string>;
+	defaultTtlSeconds?: number;
 }

 const kvMetaRegistry = new Map<string, KvQueryMeta<Record<string, unknown>>>();
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ export function registerTableSpec<Row extends object>(tableSpec: KvTableSpec<Row
 		columns: tableSpec.columns as ReadonlyArray<string>,
 		primaryKey: tableSpec.primaryKey as ReadonlyArray<string>,
 		partitionKey: tableSpec.partitionKey as ReadonlyArray<string>,
+		defaultTtlSeconds: tableSpec.defaultTtlSeconds,
 	};
 	tableRegistry.set(tableSpec.name, metadata);
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+import {getTableMetadata} from '@app/api/database/CassandraMetaRegistry';
 import {defineTable} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTableDsl';
 import {Db, type PreparedQuery} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
 import {describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
@@ -76,3 +77,41 @@ describe('CassandraTableDsl select templates', () => {
 		expect(longQuery.cql).not.toContain('LIMIT 20');
 	});
 });
+
+describe('CassandraTableDsl default TTL', () => {
+	it('keeps the CQL of a table with a default TTL free of USING TTL', () => {
+		const DefaultTtlRows = defineTable<TtlHelperTestRow, 'id'>({
+			name: 'default_ttl_dsl_rows',
+			columns: ['id', 'value'],
+			primaryKey: ['id'],
+			defaultTtlSeconds: 600,
+		});
+		expect(DefaultTtlRows.defaultTtlSeconds).toBe(600);
+		const queries = [
+			DefaultTtlRows.insert({id: 'insert', value: 'a'}),
+			DefaultTtlRows.upsertAll({id: 'upsert', value: 'b'}),
+			DefaultTtlRows.patchByPk({id: 'patch'}, {value: Db.set('c')}),
+		];
+		for (const query of queries) {
+			expect(query.cql).not.toContain('USING TTL');
+			expect(query.kvMeta?.table.defaultTtlSeconds).toBe(600);
+		}
+		expect(getTableMetadata('default_ttl_dsl_rows')?.defaultTtlSeconds).toBe(600);
+		expect(TtlHelperTestRows.defaultTtlSeconds).toBeUndefined();
+		expect(getTableMetadata('ttl_helper_test_rows')?.defaultTtlSeconds).toBeUndefined();
+	});
+
+	it('rejects a default TTL of zero, a fraction or past the maximum', () => {
+		for (const defaultTtlSeconds of [0, 1.5, 630_720_001]) {
+			expect(() =>
+				defineTable<TtlHelperTestRow, 'id'>({
+					name: 'default_ttl_dsl_rejected_rows',
+					columns: ['id', 'value'],
+					primaryKey: ['id'],
+					defaultTtlSeconds,
+				}),
+			).toThrow();
+		}
+		expect(getTableMetadata('default_ttl_dsl_rejected_rows')).toBeUndefined();
+	});
+});
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ export function defineTable<Row extends object, PK extends ColumnName<Row>, Part
 	columns: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
 	primaryKey: ReadonlyArray<PK>;
 	partitionKey?: ReadonlyArray<PartKey>;
+	defaultTtlSeconds?: number;
 }): Table<Row, PK, PartKey> {
 	const columns = [...def.columns];
 	const pk = [...def.primaryKey];
@@ -91,11 +92,15 @@ export function defineTable<Row extends object, PK extends ColumnName<Row>, Part
 	for (const c of columns) assertCqlIdentifier(c as string);
 	for (const k of pk) assertCqlIdentifier(k as string);
 	for (const k of partitionKey) assertCqlIdentifier(k as string);
+	if (def.defaultTtlSeconds !== undefined && validateTtlSeconds(def.defaultTtlSeconds) === 0) {
+		throw new Error(`Table "${def.name}" needs a positive default TTL`);
+	}
 	const tableSpec: KvTableSpec<Row> = {
 		name: def.name,
 		columns,
 		primaryKey: pk as ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>,
 		partitionKey: partitionKey as ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>,
+		defaultTtlSeconds: def.defaultTtlSeconds,
 	};
 	registerTableSpec(tableSpec);
 	const nonPkColumns = columns.filter((c) => !pk.includes(c as PK)) as Array<Exclude<ColumnName<Row>, PK>>;
@@ -685,6 +690,7 @@ WHERE ${pk.map((k) => `${k} = :${k}`).join(' AND ')};
 		columns: def.columns,
 		primaryKey: def.primaryKey,
 		partitionKey: partitionKey,
+		defaultTtlSeconds: def.defaultTtlSeconds,
 		selectCql,
 		select,
 		updateAllCql() {
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ export interface KvTableSpec<Row extends object = Record<string, unknown>> {
 	columns: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
 	primaryKey: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
 	partitionKey: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
+	defaultTtlSeconds?: number;
 }

 export interface KvColumnParam<Row extends object = Record<string, unknown>> {
@@ -190,6 +191,7 @@ export interface Table<Row extends object, PK extends ColumnName<Row>, PartKey e
 	columns: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
 	primaryKey: ReadonlyArray<PK>;
 	partitionKey: ReadonlyArray<PartKey>;
+	defaultTtlSeconds: number | undefined;
 	selectCql(opts?: {
 		columns?: ReadonlyArray<ColumnName<Row>>;
 		where?: WhereExpr<Row> | ReadonlyArray<WhereExpr<Row>>;
@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {spawnSync} from 'node:child_process';
+import {createServer} from 'node:net';
+import {defineTable} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTableDsl';
+import {Db} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
+import {
+	DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME,
+	DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES,
+	expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows,
+} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvDefaultTtlExpiry';
+import {
+	ensurePostgresKvSchema,
+	PostgresKvQueryExecutor,
+	pruneExpiredPostgresKvRows,
+} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import {startDockerContainer} from '@app/api/test/DockerTestContainer';
+import {
+	getDefaultPostgresClient,
+	type IPostgresClient,
+	initPostgres,
+	shutdownPostgres,
+} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+const KV_TABLE = 'kv_default_ttl';
+const CONTAINER = `fluxer-kvttl-${process.pid.toString(36)}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+const dockerAvailable = spawnSync('docker', ['version'], {stdio: 'ignore'}).status === 0;
+const DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS = 600;
+
+interface ProbeRow {
+	id: string;
+	value: string | null;
+	note: string | null;
+}
+
+interface OwnedProbeRow {
+	owner: string;
+	id: string;
+	value: string | null;
+}
+
+const DefaultTtlProbe = defineTable<ProbeRow, 'id'>({
+	name: 'default_ttl_probe',
+	columns: ['id', 'value', 'note'],
+	primaryKey: ['id'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS,
+});
+
+const DefaultTtlProbeRows = defineTable<OwnedProbeRow, 'owner' | 'id', 'owner'>({
+	name: 'default_ttl_probe_rows',
+	columns: ['owner', 'id', 'value'],
+	primaryKey: ['owner', 'id'],
+	partitionKey: ['owner'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS,
+});
+
+const NoTtlProbe = defineTable<ProbeRow, 'id'>({
+	name: 'no_ttl_probe',
+	columns: ['id', 'value', 'note'],
+	primaryKey: ['id'],
+});
+
+async function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+	await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+async function freePort(): Promise<number> {
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const server = createServer();
+		server.on('error', reject);
+		server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+			const address = server.address();
+			if (typeof address === 'string' || address === null) {
+				reject(new Error('no port'));
+				return;
+			}
+			const port = address.port;
+			server.close(() => resolve(port));
+		});
+	});
+}
+
+function expectExpiresIn(value: Date | number | null, ttlSeconds: number): void {
+	expect(value).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
+	const remainingSeconds = ((value as Date).getTime() - Date.now()) / 1000;
+	expect(remainingSeconds).toBeGreaterThan(ttlSeconds - 60);
+	expect(remainingSeconds).toBeLessThanOrEqual(ttlSeconds);
+}
+
+describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('Postgres KV default TTL', () => {
+	let raw: IPostgresClient;
+	let executor: PostgresKvQueryExecutor;
+
+	async function stored(table: string, id: string): Promise<{expires_at: Date | number | null; row_data: object}> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{expires_at: Date | number | null; row_data: object}>(
+			`SELECT expires_at, row_data FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_data ->> 'id' = $2`,
+			[table, id],
+		);
+		expect(result.rows).toHaveLength(1);
+		return result.rows[0]!;
+	}
+
+	async function expiresAt(table: string, id: string): Promise<Date | number | null> {
+		return (await stored(table, id)).expires_at;
+	}
+
+	async function neverExpires(table: string, id: string): Promise<boolean> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{forever: boolean}>(
+			`SELECT expires_at = 'infinity'::timestamptz AS forever FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_data ->> 'id' = $2`,
+			[table, id],
+		);
+		return result.rows[0]?.forever === true;
+	}
+
+	async function setExpiry(table: string, id: string, expression: string): Promise<void> {
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET expires_at = ${expression} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_data ->> 'id' = $2`,
+			[table, id],
+		);
+	}
+
+	async function seed(table: string, key: string, age: string, expires: Date | string | null = null): Promise<string> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{updated_at: string}>(
+			`INSERT INTO ${KV_TABLE} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data, expires_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $2, '{}'::jsonb, $3::timestamptz, now() - $4::interval)
+RETURNING updated_at::text`,
+			[table, key, expires, age],
+		);
+		return result.rows[0]!.updated_at;
+	}
+
+	async function remaining(): Promise<Array<{table_name: string; row_key: string}>> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{table_name: string; row_key: string}>(
+			`SELECT table_name, row_key FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name <> '__fluxer_schema_migrations' ORDER BY table_name, row_key`,
+		);
+		return result.rows;
+	}
+
+	async function ageMarker(): Promise<void> {
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET row_data = jsonb_build_object('applied_at', now() - interval '2 days') WHERE table_name = '__fluxer_schema_migrations' AND row_key = 'default_ttl_expiry_v1'`,
+		);
+	}
+
+	async function resumePoint(): Promise<object | null> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{row_data: object}>(
+			`SELECT row_data FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = '__fluxer_schema_migrations' AND row_key = $1`,
+			[DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME],
+		);
+		return result.rows[0]?.row_data ?? null;
+	}
+
+	async function markerCount(): Promise<number> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{n: number}>(
+			`SELECT count(*)::int AS n FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = '__fluxer_schema_migrations' AND row_key = 'default_ttl_expiry_v1'`,
+		);
+		return result.rows[0]!.n;
+	}
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		const port = await freePort();
+		startDockerContainer([
+			'run',
+			'-d',
+			'--name',
+			CONTAINER,
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_USER=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_DB=fluxer',
+			'-p',
+			`127.0.0.1:${port}:5432`,
+			'postgres:16-alpine',
+			'-c',
+			'fsync=off',
+		]);
+		let ready = false;
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 180 && !ready; attempt += 1) {
+			await sleep(500);
+			const probe = spawnSync('docker', ['exec', CONTAINER, 'pg_isready', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer'], {
+				stdio: 'ignore',
+			});
+			if (probe.status !== 0) continue;
+			try {
+				await initPostgres({
+					url: `postgres://fluxer:[email protected]:${port}/fluxer`,
+					maxConnections: 4,
+					kvTable: KV_TABLE,
+				});
+				await getDefaultPostgresClient().query('SELECT 1');
+				ready = true;
+			} catch {
+				await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+			}
+		}
+		if (!ready) throw new Error('postgres never came up');
+		raw = getDefaultPostgresClient();
+		await ensurePostgresKvSchema(raw);
+		executor = new PostgresKvQueryExecutor(raw);
+	}, 900_000);
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		await raw.query(`DELETE FROM ${KV_TABLE}`);
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+		spawnSync('docker', ['rm', '-f', CONTAINER], {stdio: 'ignore'});
+	});
+
+	it('gives every full-row write without a TTL the table default', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'insert', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.upsertAll({id: 'upsert', value: 'b', note: 'n'}));
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insertIfNotExists({id: 'claimed', value: 'c', note: null})),
+		).toEqual([{'[applied]': true}]);
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(
+				DefaultTtlProbeRows.conditionalBatch([{action: 'insert', row: {owner: 'o', id: 'batched', value: 'd'}}]),
+			),
+		).toEqual([{'[applied]': true}]);
+
+		for (const id of ['insert', 'upsert', 'claimed']) {
+			expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', id), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+		}
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe_rows', 'batched'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps an explicit TTL ahead of the default', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insertWithTtl({id: 'short', value: 'a', note: null}, 60));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'short'), 60);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'patched', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPkWithTtl({id: 'patched'}, {value: Db.set('b')}, 60));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'patched'), 60);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps an explicit TTL of zero as no expiry', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insertWithTtl({id: 'forever', value: 'a', note: null}, 0));
+		expect(await neverExpires('default_ttl_probe', 'forever')).toBe(true);
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(
+				DefaultTtlProbe.select({where: DefaultTtlProbe.where.eq('id')}).bind({id: 'forever'}),
+			),
+		).toEqual([{id: 'forever', value: 'a', note: null}]);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'forever'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		expect(await neverExpires('default_ttl_probe', 'forever')).toBe(true);
+
+		await pruneExpiredPostgresKvRows(raw);
+		expect(await neverExpires('default_ttl_probe', 'forever')).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it('raises a patched row to the default but never lowers it', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insertWithTtl({id: 'longer', value: 'a', note: null}, 3600));
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'longer'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'longer'), 3600);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'soon', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await setExpiry('default_ttl_probe', 'soon', "now() + interval '5 seconds'");
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'soon'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'soon'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'missing'}, {note: Db.set('created')}));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'missing'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'unset', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await setExpiry('default_ttl_probe', 'unset', 'NULL');
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'unset'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'unset'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'expired', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await setExpiry('default_ttl_probe', 'expired', "now() - interval '1 second'");
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'expired'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		const revived = await stored('default_ttl_probe', 'expired');
+		expect(revived.row_data).toEqual({id: 'expired', note: 'patched'});
+		expectExpiresIn(revived.expires_at, DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+	});
+
+	it('raises conditional patches the same way', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insert({id: 'soon', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		await setExpiry('default_ttl_probe', 'soon', "now() + interval '5 seconds'");
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(
+				DefaultTtlProbe.conditionalPatchByPk({id: 'soon'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}, {value: 'a'}),
+			),
+		).toEqual([{'[applied]': true}]);
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'soon'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbe.insertWithTtl({id: 'longer', value: 'a', note: null}, 3600));
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(
+				DefaultTtlProbe.conditionalPatchByPk({id: 'longer'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}, {value: 'a'}),
+			),
+		).toEqual([{'[applied]': true}]);
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe', 'longer'), 3600);
+
+		await executor.executeQuery(DefaultTtlProbeRows.insert({owner: 'o', id: 'existing', value: 'old'}));
+		await setExpiry('default_ttl_probe_rows', 'existing', 'NULL');
+		expect(
+			await executor.executeQuery(
+				DefaultTtlProbeRows.conditionalBatch([
+					{action: 'insert', row: {owner: 'o', id: 'added', value: 'new'}},
+					{
+						action: 'patch',
+						pk: {owner: 'o', id: 'existing'},
+						patch: {value: Db.set('updated')},
+						expected: {value: 'old'},
+					},
+				]),
+			),
+		).toEqual([{'[applied]': true}]);
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe_rows', 'added'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+		expectExpiresIn(await expiresAt('default_ttl_probe_rows', 'existing'), DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS);
+	});
+
+	it('leaves tables without a default untouched', async () => {
+		await executor.executeQuery(NoTtlProbe.insert({id: 'plain', value: 'a', note: null}));
+		expect(await expiresAt('no_ttl_probe', 'plain')).toBeNull();
+		await executor.executeQuery(NoTtlProbe.patchByPk({id: 'plain'}, {note: Db.set('patched')}));
+		expect(await expiresAt('no_ttl_probe', 'plain')).toBeNull();
+		await executor.executeQuery(NoTtlProbe.insertWithTtl({id: 'zero', value: 'a', note: null}, 0));
+		expect(await expiresAt('no_ttl_probe', 'zero')).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('gives rows an older image wrote the expiry of their last write and deletes the ones past it', async () => {
+		const mentionWrittenAt = await seed('recent_mentions', 'rm-day', '1 day');
+		await seed('recent_mentions', 'rm-week', '8 days');
+		await seed('attachment_upload_traces_by_key', 'at-31', '31 days');
+		await seed('attachment_upload_traces_by_key', 'at-29', '29 days');
+		await seed('phone_lookup_cache', 'pl-8', '8 days');
+		await seed('donor_magic_link_tokens', 'dm-hour', '1 hour');
+		await seed('ipinfo_requests_by_hour', 'ip-day', '1 day');
+		await seed('jobs_by_id', 'job', '100 days');
+		await seed('users', 'user', '100 days');
+		await seed('recent_mentions', 'rm-forever', '1 day', 'infinity');
+		await seed('recent_mentions', 'rm-hour', '30 days', new Date(Date.now() + 3_600_000));
+
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 4,
+			expiring: 3,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await remaining()).toEqual([
+			{table_name: 'attachment_upload_traces_by_key', row_key: 'at-29'},
+			{table_name: 'ipinfo_requests_by_hour', row_key: 'ip-day'},
+			{table_name: 'jobs_by_id', row_key: 'job'},
+			{table_name: 'recent_mentions', row_key: 'rm-day'},
+			{table_name: 'recent_mentions', row_key: 'rm-forever'},
+			{table_name: 'recent_mentions', row_key: 'rm-hour'},
+			{table_name: 'users', row_key: 'user'},
+		]);
+
+		const exact = await raw.query<{row_key: string; exact: boolean; unchanged: boolean | null}>(
+			`SELECT row_key,
+	expires_at = updated_at + CASE table_name WHEN 'recent_mentions' THEN interval '7 days' WHEN 'attachment_upload_traces_by_key' THEN interval '30 days' ELSE interval '90 days' END AS exact,
+	CASE WHEN row_key = 'rm-day' THEN updated_at = $1::timestamptz END AS unchanged
+FROM ${KV_TABLE}
+WHERE row_key IN ('rm-day', 'at-29', 'ip-day')
+ORDER BY row_key`,
+			[mentionWrittenAt],
+		);
+		expect(exact.rows).toEqual([
+			{row_key: 'at-29', exact: true, unchanged: null},
+			{row_key: 'ip-day', exact: true, unchanged: null},
+			{row_key: 'rm-day', exact: true, unchanged: true},
+		]);
+		const untouched = await raw.query<{row_key: string; state: string}>(
+			`SELECT row_key, CASE WHEN expires_at IS NULL THEN 'unset' WHEN expires_at = 'infinity' THEN 'forever' ELSE 'set' END AS state
+FROM ${KV_TABLE}
+WHERE row_key IN ('job', 'user', 'rm-forever', 'rm-hour')
+ORDER BY row_key`,
+		);
+		expect(untouched.rows).toEqual([
+			{row_key: 'job', state: 'unset'},
+			{row_key: 'rm-forever', state: 'forever'},
+			{row_key: 'rm-hour', state: 'set'},
+			{row_key: 'user', state: 'unset'},
+		]);
+
+		expect(await markerCount()).toBe(0);
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await markerCount()).toBe(1);
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('checks again a day after a clean pass', async () => {
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+
+		await seed('recent_mentions', 'rm-rolled-back', '1 day');
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+		const before = await raw.query(`SELECT expires_at FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE row_key = 'rm-rolled-back'`);
+		expect(before.rows).toEqual([{expires_at: null}]);
+
+		await ageMarker();
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 1,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('pages through more rows than one page holds and stops at its deadline', async () => {
+		await raw.query(
+			`INSERT INTO ${KV_TABLE} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data, updated_at)
+SELECT 'recent_mentions', 'rm-' || lpad(g::text, 5, '0'), 'rm-' || lpad(g::text, 5, '0'), '{}'::jsonb, now() - interval '1 day'
+FROM generate_series(1, 2300) g`,
+		);
+
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() - 1)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: false,
+		});
+		expect(await markerCount()).toBe(0);
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 2300,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		const unset = await raw.query<{n: number}>(
+			`SELECT count(*)::int AS n FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'recent_mentions' AND expires_at IS NULL`,
+		);
+		expect(unset.rows[0]).toEqual({n: 0});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('saves where a run stopped and starts the next run there', async () => {
+		const first = DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES[0]!.name;
+		const last = DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES.at(-1)!.name;
+		await seed(first, 'a', '1 hour');
+		await seed(first, 'z', '1 hour');
+		await seed(last, 'k', '1 hour');
+
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() - 1)).toEqual({deleted: 0, expiring: 0, complete: false});
+		expect(await resumePoint()).toEqual({table: first, row_key: '', unset: 0});
+
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET row_data = jsonb_build_object('table', $1::text, 'row_key', 'm', 'unset', 0) WHERE table_name = '__fluxer_schema_migrations' AND row_key = $2`,
+			[first, DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME],
+		);
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 2,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		const untouched = await raw.query<{expires_at: Date | null}>(
+			`SELECT expires_at FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_key = 'a'`,
+			[first],
+		);
+		expect(untouched.rows).toEqual([{expires_at: null}]);
+		expect(await resumePoint()).toBeNull();
+		expect(await markerCount()).toBe(0);
+
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 1,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await markerCount()).toBe(1);
+	});
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {
+	POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE,
+	postgresKvPassIsFresh,
+	recordPostgresKvCleanPass,
+} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import * as DonationTables from '@app/api/donation/DonationTables';
+import * as Tables from '@app/api/Tables';
+import {IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS, IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS} from '@pkgs/geoip/src/PostgresIpInfoKv';
+import {type IPostgresClient, quoteIdentifier} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {ms} from 'itty-time';
+
+const DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_MARKER = 'default_ttl_expiry_v1';
+export const DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME = 'default_ttl_expiry_v1_resume';
+const PAGE_SIZE = 2000;
+const CLEAN_PASS_INTERVAL_MS = ms('1 day');
+const OWN_EXPIRY_PASS = new Set<string>([Tables.JobsById.name, Tables.JobsByDayBucket.name]);
+
+export const DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES: ReadonlyArray<{name: string; defaultTtlSeconds: number}> = [
+	...[...Object.values(Tables), ...Object.values(DonationTables)].flatMap((table) =>
+		table.defaultTtlSeconds === undefined || OWN_EXPIRY_PASS.has(table.name)
+			? []
+			: [{name: table.name, defaultTtlSeconds: table.defaultTtlSeconds}],
+	),
+	{name: 'ipinfo_cache', defaultTtlSeconds: IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS},
+	{name: 'ipinfo_requests_by_hour', defaultTtlSeconds: IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS},
+];
+
+export interface LegacyDefaultTtlExpiryResult {
+	deleted: number;
+	expiring: number;
+	complete: boolean;
+}
+
+interface ResumePoint {
+	table: string;
+	rowKey: string;
+	unset: number;
+}
+
+async function readResumePoint(client: IPostgresClient, kvTable: string): Promise<ResumePoint | null> {
+	const result = await client.query<{row_data: Record<string, unknown>}>(
+		`SELECT row_data FROM ${kvTable} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_key = $2`,
+		[POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE, DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME],
+	);
+	const data = result.rows[0]?.row_data;
+	if (typeof data?.table !== 'string' || typeof data.row_key !== 'string' || typeof data.unset !== 'number') {
+		return null;
+	}
+	return {table: data.table, rowKey: data.row_key, unset: data.unset};
+}
+
+async function writeResumePoint(client: IPostgresClient, kvTable: string, point: ResumePoint | null): Promise<void> {
+	if (point === null) {
+		await client.query(`DELETE FROM ${kvTable} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_key = $2`, [
+			POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE,
+			DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME,
+		]);
+		return;
+	}
+	await client.query(
+		`INSERT INTO ${kvTable} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $2, jsonb_build_object('table', $3::text, 'row_key', $4::text, 'unset', $5::bigint))
+ON CONFLICT (table_name, row_key) DO UPDATE SET row_data = EXCLUDED.row_data, updated_at = now()`,
+		[POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE, DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_RESUME, point.table, point.rowKey, point.unset],
+	);
+}
+
+function pageSql(table: string): string {
+	return `
+WITH page AS (
+	SELECT kv.row_key, kv.expires_at IS NULL AS unset
+	FROM ${table} kv
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.row_key > $2
+	ORDER BY kv.row_key
+	LIMIT $3
+), removed AS (
+	DELETE FROM ${table} kv
+	USING page
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.row_key = page.row_key AND kv.expires_at IS NULL
+		AND kv.updated_at + make_interval(secs => $4::double precision) <= now()
+	RETURNING 1
+), expiring AS (
+	UPDATE ${table} kv
+	SET expires_at = kv.updated_at + make_interval(secs => $4::double precision)
+	FROM page
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.row_key = page.row_key AND kv.expires_at IS NULL
+		AND kv.updated_at + make_interval(secs => $4::double precision) > now()
+	RETURNING 1
+)
+SELECT
+	(SELECT max(row_key) FROM page) AS last_row_key,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM page WHERE unset) AS unset,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM removed) AS deleted,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM expiring) AS expiring`;
+}
+
+export async function expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(
+	client: IPostgresClient,
+	deadlineMs: number,
+): Promise<LegacyDefaultTtlExpiryResult | null> {
+	if (await postgresKvPassIsFresh(client, DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_MARKER, CLEAN_PASS_INTERVAL_MS)) {
+		return null;
+	}
+	const kvTable = quoteIdentifier(client.kvTable());
+	const sql = pageSql(kvTable);
+	const resume = await readResumePoint(client, kvTable);
+	const resumeIndex = resume === null ? -1 : DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES.findIndex((target) => target.name === resume.table);
+	let unset = resumeIndex < 0 ? 0 : resume!.unset;
+	let deleted = 0;
+	let expiring = 0;
+	for (let index = Math.max(resumeIndex, 0); index < DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES.length; index += 1) {
+		const target = DEFAULT_TTL_TABLES[index]!;
+		let cursor = index === resumeIndex ? resume!.rowKey : '';
+		for (;;) {
+			if (Date.now() >= deadlineMs) {
+				await writeResumePoint(client, kvTable, {table: target.name, rowKey: cursor, unset});
+				return {deleted, expiring, complete: false};
+			}
+			const result = await client.query<{
+				last_row_key: string | null;
+				unset: string;
+				deleted: string;
+				expiring: string;
+			}>(sql, [target.name, cursor, PAGE_SIZE, target.defaultTtlSeconds]);
+			const page = result.rows[0];
+			if (!page || page.last_row_key === null) {
+				break;
+			}
+			unset += Number(page.unset);
+			deleted += Number(page.deleted);
+			expiring += Number(page.expiring);
+			cursor = page.last_row_key;
+		}
+	}
+	await writeResumePoint(client, kvTable, null);
+	if (unset === 0) {
+		await recordPostgresKvCleanPass(client, DEFAULT_TTL_EXPIRY_MARKER);
+	}
+	return {deleted, expiring, complete: true};
+}
@@ -89,6 +89,28 @@ const NUMERIC_ROW_KEY_NUMBER_PATTERN = '^(-?[0-9]+(?:\\.[0-9]+)?(?:[eE][-+]?[0-9
 const EXPIRED_STORED_ROW = 'kv.expires_at IS NOT NULL AND kv.expires_at <= now()';
 const MERGED_ROW_DATA = `CASE WHEN ${EXPIRED_STORED_ROW} THEN EXCLUDED.row_data ELSE kv.row_data || EXCLUDED.row_data END`;
 const KEPT_EXPIRES_AT = `CASE WHEN ${EXPIRED_STORED_ROW} THEN NULL ELSE kv.expires_at END`;
+const NO_EXPIRY = 'infinity';
+
+export async function postgresKvPassIsFresh(
+	client: IPostgresClient,
+	marker: string,
+	maxAgeMs: number,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+	const result = await client.query(
+		`SELECT 1 FROM ${quoteIdentifier(client.kvTable())} WHERE table_name = $1 AND row_key = $2 AND (row_data ->> 'applied_at')::timestamptz > now() - make_interval(secs => $3::double precision)`,
+		[POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE, marker, maxAgeMs / 1000],
+	);
+	return result.rows.length > 0;
+}
+
+export async function recordPostgresKvCleanPass(client: IPostgresClient, marker: string): Promise<void> {
+	await client.query(
+		`INSERT INTO ${quoteIdentifier(client.kvTable())} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $2, jsonb_build_object('applied_at', now()))
+ON CONFLICT (table_name, row_key) DO UPDATE SET row_data = EXCLUDED.row_data, updated_at = now()`,
+		[POSTGRES_KV_MIGRATION_TABLE, marker],
+	);
+}

 function numericRowKeyExpr(column: string): string {
 	return `(COALESCE(substring(${column} from '${NUMERIC_ROW_KEY_BIGINT_PATTERN}'), substring(${column} from '${NUMERIC_ROW_KEY_NUMBER_PATTERN}'))::numeric)`;
@@ -333,20 +355,21 @@ function projectRow(row: Row, columns: ReadonlyArray<string> | undefined): Row {
 	return projected;
 }

-function rowComparator(meta: KvQueryMeta): (left: Row, right: Row) => number {
-	if (meta.orderBy) {
-		const column = meta.orderBy.col as string;
-		const direction = meta.orderBy.direction === 'DESC' ? -1 : 1;
-		return (left, right) => compareValues(left[column], right[column]) * direction;
+function compareColumns(columns: ReadonlyArray<string>, left: Row, right: Row): number {
+	for (const column of columns) {
+		const cmp = compareValues(left[column], right[column]);
+		if (cmp !== 0) return cmp;
 	}
-	const columns = meta.table.primaryKey as ReadonlyArray<string>;
-	return (left, right) => {
-		for (const column of columns) {
-			const cmp = compareValues(left[column], right[column]);
-			if (cmp !== 0) return cmp;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	};
+	return 0;
+}
+
+function rowComparator(meta: KvQueryMeta): (left: Row, right: Row) => number {
+	const primaryKey = meta.table.primaryKey as ReadonlyArray<string>;
+	if (!meta.orderBy) return (left, right) => compareColumns(primaryKey, left, right);
+	const column = meta.orderBy.col as string;
+	const columns = [column, ...primaryKey.slice(primaryKey.indexOf(column) + 1)];
+	const direction = meta.orderBy.direction === 'DESC' ? -1 : 1;
+	return (left, right) => compareColumns(columns, left, right) * direction;
 }

 function sortRows(meta: KvQueryMeta, rows: Array<Row>): Array<Row> {
@@ -679,7 +702,7 @@ function logFullScan(meta: KvQueryMeta): void {
 	logWarn({table: meta.table.name, action: meta.action, where: shape.summary || 'none'}, 'Postgres KV full table scan');
 }

-function ttlExpiresAt(meta: KvQueryMeta, params: CassandraParams): Date | null | undefined {
+function ttlExpiresAt(meta: KvQueryMeta, params: CassandraParams): Date | typeof NO_EXPIRY | null | undefined {
 	const ttlParam = meta.ttlParamName;
 	if (!ttlParam) return undefined;
 	const ttlRaw = params[ttlParam];
@@ -687,7 +710,13 @@ function ttlExpiresAt(meta: KvQueryMeta, params: CassandraParams): Date | null |
 		throw new Error(`TTL parameter ${ttlParam} must be a number`);
 	}
 	const ttlSeconds = validateTtlSeconds(ttlRaw);
-	return ttlSeconds === 0 ? null : new Date(Date.now() + ttlSeconds * 1000);
+	if (ttlSeconds === 0) return meta.table.defaultTtlSeconds === undefined ? null : NO_EXPIRY;
+	return new Date(Date.now() + ttlSeconds * 1000);
+}
+
+function defaultExpiresAt(meta: KvQueryMeta): Date | undefined {
+	const ttlSeconds = meta.table.defaultTtlSeconds;
+	return ttlSeconds === undefined ? undefined : new Date(Date.now() + ttlSeconds * 1000);
 }

 function encodePageState(pageState: PageState): string {
@@ -1191,7 +1220,8 @@ export class PostgresKvQueryExecutor {
 				'kv_del_expired',
 			);
 		}
-		const expiresAt = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params) ?? null;
+		const explicit = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params);
+		const expiresAt = explicit === undefined ? (defaultExpiresAt(meta) ?? null) : explicit;
 		const result = await db.query(
 			`INSERT INTO ${this.table} AS kv (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data, expires_at, updated_at)
 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4::jsonb, $5, now())
@@ -1244,10 +1274,14 @@ WHERE NOT $6`,
 			}
 			bindings.push(JSON.stringify(encodeRow(paramsRow(params, meta.patchKeys))));
 			const assignments = [`row_data = kv.row_data || $${bindings.length}::jsonb`, 'updated_at = now()'];
-			const expiresAt = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params);
-			if (expiresAt !== undefined) {
-				bindings.push(expiresAt);
+			const explicit = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params);
+			const fallback = explicit === undefined ? defaultExpiresAt(meta) : undefined;
+			if (explicit !== undefined) {
+				bindings.push(explicit);
 				assignments.push(`expires_at = $${bindings.length}`);
+			} else if (fallback !== undefined) {
+				bindings.push(fallback);
+				assignments.push(`expires_at = GREATEST(kv.expires_at, $${bindings.length}::timestamptz)`);
 			}
 			sql = `UPDATE ${this.table} kv SET ${assignments.join(', ')} WHERE ${where}`;
 		}
@@ -1346,15 +1380,27 @@ WHERE NOT $6`,
 		for (const column of meta.patchKeys ?? []) {
 			incoming[column] = column in params ? params[column] : null;
 		}
-		const ttl = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params);
-		const expiresAtExpr = ttl === undefined ? KEPT_EXPIRES_AT : 'EXCLUDED.expires_at';
+		const explicit = ttlExpiresAt(meta, params);
+		const fallback = explicit === undefined ? defaultExpiresAt(meta) : undefined;
+		const [expiresAtExpr, statementName] =
+			explicit !== undefined
+				? ['EXCLUDED.expires_at', 'kv_patch_set_ttl']
+				: fallback !== undefined
+					? ['GREATEST(kv.expires_at, EXCLUDED.expires_at)', 'kv_patch_default_ttl']
+					: [KEPT_EXPIRES_AT, 'kv_patch_keep_ttl'];
 		await db.query(
 			`INSERT INTO ${this.table} AS kv (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data, expires_at, updated_at)
 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4::jsonb, $5, now())
 ON CONFLICT (table_name, row_key)
 DO UPDATE SET partition_key = EXCLUDED.partition_key, row_data = ${MERGED_ROW_DATA}, expires_at = ${expiresAtExpr}, updated_at = now()`,
-			[meta.table.name, partitionKey(meta, incoming), key, JSON.stringify(encodeRow(incoming)), ttl ?? null],
-			ttl === undefined ? 'kv_patch_keep_ttl' : 'kv_patch_set_ttl',
+			[
+				meta.table.name,
+				partitionKey(meta, incoming),
+				key,
+				JSON.stringify(encodeRow(incoming)),
+				explicit ?? fallback ?? null,
+			],
+			statementName,
 		);
 	}

@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ const Composite: KvTableSpec<Row> = {
 	partitionKey: ['owner_id'],
 };

+const Expiring: KvTableSpec<Row> = {...Composite, name: 'stmt_expiring', defaultTtlSeconds: 600};
+
 const Bucketed: KvTableSpec<Row> = {
 	name: 'stmt_bucketed',
 	columns: ['bucket', 'item_id', 'payload'],
@@ -118,6 +120,7 @@ async function runShapes(): Promise<Array<Statement>> {
 			meta(Composite, 'patch', [eq('owner_id'), eq('item_id')], {patchKeys: ['payload'], ttlParamName: 'ttl_'}),
 			{...OWNER_ITEM, ttl_: 600} as CassandraParams,
 		],
+		[meta(Expiring, 'patch', [eq('owner_id'), eq('item_id')], {patchKeys: ['payload']}), OWNER_ITEM],
 	];
 	for (const [kvMeta, params] of cases) {
 		await executor.executeQuery({cql: `__stmt_${kvMeta.action}`, params, kvMeta: kvMeta as KvQueryMeta});
@@ -142,6 +145,7 @@ describe('PostgresKvQueryExecutor statement names', () => {
 			'kv_del_keys',
 			'kv_del_rowkeys',
 			'kv_get_row',
+			'kv_patch_default_ttl',
 			'kv_patch_keep_ttl',
 			'kv_patch_set_ttl',
 			'kv_sel_range',
@@ -231,6 +235,17 @@ async function exerciseKvShapes(executor: PostgresKvQueryExecutor): Promise<void
 		kvMeta: meta(Composite, 'select', [eq('owner_id'), eq('item_id')]) as KvQueryMeta,
 	});
 	expect(patched.map((row) => row.payload)).toEqual(['patched']);
+	await executor.executeQuery({
+		cql: '__stmt_patch_default_ttl',
+		params: {owner_id: 'o5', item_id: 'i5', payload: 'defaulted'} as CassandraParams,
+		kvMeta: meta(Expiring, 'patch', [eq('owner_id'), eq('item_id')], {patchKeys: ['payload']}) as KvQueryMeta,
+	});
+	const defaulted = await executor.executeQuery<Row>({
+		cql: '__stmt_point',
+		params: {owner_id: 'o5', item_id: 'i5'} as CassandraParams,
+		kvMeta: meta(Expiring, 'select', [eq('owner_id'), eq('item_id')]) as KvQueryMeta,
+	});
+	expect(defaulted.map((row) => row.payload)).toEqual(['defaulted']);
 	await executor.executeQuery({
 		cql: '__stmt_delete',
 		params: {owner_id: 'o0', item_id: 'i0'} as CassandraParams,
@@ -323,6 +338,7 @@ describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('PostgresKvQueryExecutor statement names again
 			'kv_del_expired',
 			'kv_del_rowkeys',
 			'kv_get_row',
+			'kv_patch_default_ttl',
 			'kv_patch_keep_ttl',
 			'kv_patch_set_ttl',
 			'kv_sel_range',
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {spawnSync} from 'node:child_process';
+import {createServer} from 'node:net';
+import {startDockerContainer} from '@app/api/test/DockerTestContainer';
+import {getDefaultPostgresClient, initPostgres, shutdownPostgres} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+const CONTAINER = `fluxer-kvscram-${process.pid.toString(36)}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+const dockerAvailable = spawnSync('docker', ['version'], {stdio: 'ignore'}).status === 0;
+const SCRAM_ITERATIONS = 200_000;
+
+async function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+	await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+async function freePort(): Promise<number> {
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const server = createServer();
+		server.on('error', reject);
+		server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+			const address = server.address();
+			if (typeof address === 'string' || address === null) {
+				reject(new Error('no port'));
+				return;
+			}
+			const port = address.port;
+			server.close(() => resolve(port));
+		});
+	});
+}
+
+describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('postgres client against a server with raised SCRAM iterations', () => {
+	let port: number;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		port = await freePort();
+		startDockerContainer([
+			'run',
+			'-d',
+			'--name',
+			CONTAINER,
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_USER=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_DB=fluxer',
+			'-p',
+			`127.0.0.1:${port}:5432`,
+			'postgres:16-alpine',
+			'-c',
+			'fsync=off',
+			'-c',
+			`scram_iterations=${SCRAM_ITERATIONS}`,
+		]);
+		let ready = false;
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 180 && !ready; attempt += 1) {
+			await sleep(500);
+			const probe = spawnSync(
+				'docker',
+				['exec', CONTAINER, 'psql', '-h', '127.0.0.1', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer', '-Atc', 'SELECT 1'],
+				{stdio: 'ignore'},
+			);
+			ready = probe.status === 0;
+		}
+		if (!ready) throw new Error('postgres never came up');
+		const rehash = spawnSync(
+			'docker',
+			['exec', CONTAINER, 'psql', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer', '-Atc', "ALTER ROLE fluxer PASSWORD 'fluxer'"],
+			{
+				stdio: 'ignore',
+			},
+		);
+		if (rehash.status !== 0) throw new Error('could not re-hash the role password');
+	}, 900_000);
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+		spawnSync('docker', ['rm', '-f', CONTAINER], {stdio: 'ignore'});
+	});
+
+	it('connects when the role verifier uses more iterations than the driver default allows', async () => {
+		await initPostgres({url: `postgres://fluxer:[email protected]:${port}/fluxer`, maxConnections: 1});
+		const verifier = await getDefaultPostgresClient().query<{rolpassword: string}>(
+			"SELECT rolpassword FROM pg_authid WHERE rolname = 'fluxer'",
+		);
+		expect(verifier.rows[0]?.rolpassword.startsWith(`SCRAM-SHA-256$${SCRAM_ITERATIONS}:`)).toBe(true);
+	});
+});
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
 	type DonorMagicLinkTokenRow,
 	type DonorRow,
 } from '@app/api/database/types/DonationTypes';
+import {seconds} from 'itty-time';

 export const Donors = defineTable<DonorRow, 'email'>({
 	name: 'donors',
@@ -43,9 +44,11 @@ export const DonorMagicLinkTokens = defineTable<DonorMagicLinkTokenRow, 'token_'
 	name: 'donor_magic_link_tokens',
 	columns: DONOR_MAGIC_LINK_TOKEN_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('15 minutes'),
 });
 export const DonorMagicLinkTokensByEmail = defineTable<DonorMagicLinkTokenByEmailRow, 'donor_email' | 'token_'>({
 	name: 'donor_magic_link_tokens_by_email',
 	columns: DONOR_MAGIC_LINK_TOKEN_BY_EMAIL_COLUMNS,
 	primaryKey: ['donor_email', 'token_'],
+	defaultTtlSeconds: seconds('15 minutes'),
 });
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import {AuditLogActionType} from '@fluxer/constants/src/AuditLogActionType';
 import type {IWorkerService} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/IWorkerService';
 import {ms} from 'itty-time';

+const MESSAGE_DELETE_BATCH_DELAY_MS = ms('30 seconds');
+
 interface MessageDeleteBatchGroup {
 	logs: Array<GuildAuditLog>;
 	userId: UserID;
@@ -81,14 +83,15 @@ export class GuildAuditLogService {
 	}

 	async scheduleMessageDeleteBatchJob(guildId: GuildID): Promise<void> {
-		const runAt = new Date(Date.now() + ms('30 seconds'));
+		const batchWindow = Math.floor(Date.now() / MESSAGE_DELETE_BATCH_DELAY_MS);
 		await this.workerService.addJob(
 			'batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes',
 			{guildId: guildId.toString()},
 			{
-				jobKey: `batch-audit-log-message-deletes:${guildId}`,
-				runAt,
+				jobKey: `batch-audit-log-message-deletes:${guildId}:${batchWindow}`,
+				runAt: new Date((batchWindow + 2) * MESSAGE_DELETE_BATCH_DELAY_MS),
 				maxAttempts: 3,
+				skipLedger: true,
 			},
 		);
 	}
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ function createService(roleNames: Map<string, string> = new Map()) {
 		{addJob} as unknown as IWorkerService<WorkerTaskName>,
 		{dispatchGuild} as unknown as IGatewayService,
 	);
-	return {service, createAuditLog, batchDeleteAndCreateAuditLogs, getRole, dispatchGuild};
+	return {service, createAuditLog, batchDeleteAndCreateAuditLogs, getRole, dispatchGuild, addJob};
 }

 function overwrites(
@@ -376,3 +376,26 @@ describe('GuildAuditLogService.recordPermissionOverwriteDiff', () => {
 		expect(dispatchGuild).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
 	});
 });
+
+describe('GuildAuditLogService.scheduleMessageDeleteBatchJob', () => {
+	it('gives every delete in one 30 second window a single batch job that runs after the window closes, without a ledger row', async () => {
+		vi.useFakeTimers({toFake: ['Date']});
+		try {
+			const {service, addJob} = createService();
+			for (const at of ['2026-09-21T12:00:00.000Z', '2026-09-21T12:00:29.999Z', '2026-09-21T12:00:40.000Z']) {
+				vi.setSystemTime(new Date(at));
+				await service.scheduleMessageDeleteBatchJob(GUILD_ID);
+			}
+			const options = addJob.mock.calls.map((call) => call[2] as {jobKey: string; runAt: Date; skipLedger: boolean});
+			expect(options.every((option) => option.skipLedger)).toBe(true);
+			expect(options[0]!.jobKey).toBe(options[1]!.jobKey);
+			expect(options[2]!.jobKey).not.toBe(options[1]!.jobKey);
+			expect(options[0]!.runAt.getTime()).toBeGreaterThan(new Date('2026-09-21T12:00:29.999Z').getTime());
+			expect(options[1]!.runAt).toEqual(options[0]!.runAt);
+			expect(options[2]!.runAt).toEqual(new Date('2026-09-21T12:01:30.000Z'));
+			expect(options[2]!.runAt.getTime() - options[0]!.runAt.getTime()).toBe(30_000);
+		} finally {
+			vi.useRealTimers();
+		}
+	});
+});
@@ -1,12 +1,21 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+import {spawnSync} from 'node:child_process';
+import {createHash} from 'node:crypto';
+import {createServer} from 'node:net';
+import type {CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
 import {setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
 import type {PreparedQuery} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
+import {ensurePostgresKvSchema, PostgresKvQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
 import {
 	INSTANCE_CONFIG_REFRESH_CHANNEL,
+	INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS,
 	InstanceConfigRepository,
+	InstanceConfigWriteConflictError,
 	type InstanceRegistrationConfig,
 } from '@app/api/instance/InstanceConfigRepository';
+import {InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor} from '@app/api/instance/tests/InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor';
+import {startDockerContainer} from '@app/api/test/DockerTestContainer';
 import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
 import {MockKVProvider} from '@app/api/test/mocks/MockKVProvider';
 import {
@@ -21,7 +30,13 @@ import {
 	DEFAULT_EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG,
 	type ExperimentDeliveryConfig,
 } from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/experiment/ExperimentSchemas';
-import {afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+import {
+	getDefaultPostgresClient,
+	type IPostgresClient,
+	initPostgres,
+	shutdownPostgres,
+} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';

 const VOICE_NOISE_SUPPRESSION_CONFIG_KEY = 'voice_noise_suppression_config';
 const SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'screen_share_delivery_config';
@@ -29,6 +44,12 @@ const EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'experiment_delivery_config';
 const APP_PUBLIC_CONFIG_KEY = 'app_public_config';
 const INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY = 'instance_policy_config';
 const INSTANCE_INTEGRATIONS_CONFIG_KEY = 'instance_integrations_config';
+const REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY = 'registration_config';
+const REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY = 'registration_urls';
+const REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY = 'registration_pending_approvals';
+const POSTGRES_KV_TABLE = 'kv_instance_config_races';
+const POSTGRES_CONTAINER = `fluxer-instance-config-races-${process.pid.toString(36)}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+const dockerAvailable = spawnSync('docker', ['version'], {stdio: 'ignore'}).status === 0;

 class CountingInMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor extends InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor {
 	instanceConfigSelects = 0;
@@ -512,3 +533,466 @@ describe('InstanceConfigRepository', () => {
 		});
 	});
 });
+
+async function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+	await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+async function freePort(): Promise<number> {
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const server = createServer();
+		server.on('error', reject);
+		server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+			const address = server.address();
+			if (typeof address === 'string' || address === null) {
+				reject(new Error('no port'));
+				return;
+			}
+			server.close(() => resolve(address.port));
+		});
+	});
+}
+
+function describeConcurrentInstanceConfigWrites(prepareBase: () => Promise<CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting>): void {
+	const pods: Array<InstanceConfigRepository> = [];
+	let executor: InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor;
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		executor = new InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor(await prepareBase());
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(async () => {
+		await Promise.all(pods.map((pod) => pod.shutdown()));
+		pods.length = 0;
+	});
+
+	function createPod(): InstanceConfigRepository {
+		const pod = new InstanceConfigRepository(new MockKVProvider());
+		pods.push(pod);
+		return pod;
+	}
+
+	async function readStoredRegistrationConfig(): Promise<unknown> {
+		const raw = await executor.readDirectly(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY);
+		return raw === null ? null : JSON.parse(raw);
+	}
+
+	it('applies two concurrent patches on top of each other instead of dropping one', async () => {
+		const first = createPod();
+		const second = createPod();
+		await first.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'open', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		await second.getRegistrationConfig();
+		executor.watch(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY);
+		executor.pauseWritesUntil(2);
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			first.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed'}),
+			second.setRegistrationConfig({admin_registration_urls_enabled: false}),
+		]);
+
+		expect(executor.events.filter((event) => event === 'write rejected')).toHaveLength(1);
+		expect(executor.events.filter((event) => event === 'write')).toHaveLength(2);
+		expect(await readStoredRegistrationConfig()).toEqual({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: false});
+	});
+
+	it('lets one of two concurrent first writes create the config and applies the other on top', async () => {
+		const first = createPod();
+		const second = createPod();
+		await first.getRegistrationConfig();
+		await second.getRegistrationConfig();
+		executor.watch(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY);
+		executor.pauseWritesUntil(2);
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			first.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed'}),
+			second.setRegistrationConfig({admin_registration_urls_enabled: false}),
+		]);
+
+		expect(executor.events.filter((event) => event === 'write rejected')).toHaveLength(1);
+		expect(executor.events.filter((event) => event === 'write')).toHaveLength(2);
+		expect(await readStoredRegistrationConfig()).toEqual({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: false});
+	});
+
+	it('re-reads the database, not its stale cache, when a concurrent write lands between its read and its write', async () => {
+		const stale = createPod();
+		const other = createPod();
+		await stale.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'open', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		await stale.getRegistrationConfig();
+		await other.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'approval'});
+		expect(await stale.getRegistrationConfig()).toEqual({mode: 'open', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		executor.watch(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY);
+		let competed = false;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			if (competed) return;
+			competed = true;
+			await executor.writeDirectly(
+				REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY,
+				JSON.stringify({mode: 'approval', admin_registration_urls_enabled: false}),
+			);
+		});
+
+		await stale.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed'});
+
+		expect(executor.events).toEqual(['read', 'write rejected', 'read', 'write']);
+		expect(await readStoredRegistrationConfig()).toEqual({mode: 'closed', admin_registration_urls_enabled: false});
+	});
+
+	it('fails loudly and writes nothing once every attempt has lost the race', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		await pod.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'open', admin_registration_urls_enabled: true});
+		executor.watch(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY);
+		let competingWrites = 0;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			competingWrites++;
+			await executor.writeDirectly(
+				REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY,
+				JSON.stringify({mode: 'approval', admin_registration_urls_enabled: competingWrites % 2 === 0}),
+			);
+		});
+
+		const write = pod.setRegistrationConfig({mode: 'closed'});
+
+		await expect(write).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(InstanceConfigWriteConflictError);
+		await expect(write).rejects.toMatchObject({
+			status: 409,
+			code: 'CONFLICT',
+			message: expect.stringContaining(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY),
+		});
+		expect(executor.events.filter((event) => event === 'write rejected')).toHaveLength(INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS);
+		expect(executor.events).not.toContain('write');
+		expect(await readStoredRegistrationConfig()).toEqual({
+			mode: 'approval',
+			admin_registration_urls_enabled: INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS % 2 === 0,
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a pending registration another pod added while this pod held a stale list', async () => {
+		const first = createPod();
+		const second = createPod();
+		await first.getPendingRegistrations();
+		await second.getPendingRegistrations();
+
+		await first.addPendingRegistration(pendingRegistration('1400000000000000011'));
+		await second.addPendingRegistration(pendingRegistration('1400000000000000012'));
+
+		const listed = await createPod().getPendingRegistrations();
+		expect(listed.map((entry) => entry.user_id)).toEqual(['1400000000000000011', '1400000000000000012']);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a pending registration another pod stored and removes it once decided', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		await executor.writeDirectly(
+			REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY,
+			JSON.stringify([pendingRegistration('1400000000000000021')]),
+		);
+		await pod.addPendingRegistration(pendingRegistration('1400000000000000022'));
+
+		expect((await createPod().getPendingRegistrations()).map((entry) => entry.user_id)).toEqual([
+			'1400000000000000021',
+			'1400000000000000022',
+		]);
+
+		await pod.removePendingRegistration('1400000000000000021');
+		await pod.removePendingRegistration('1400000000000000022');
+
+		expect(await createPod().getPendingRegistrations()).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await executor.readDirectly(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY)).toBe('[]');
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a registration URL another pod created while this pod held a stale list', async () => {
+		const first = createPod();
+		const second = createPod();
+		await first.getRegistrationUrls();
+		await second.getRegistrationUrls();
+
+		const created = [
+			await first.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(null)),
+			await second.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(null)),
+		];
+
+		const listed = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed.map((url) => url.id).toSorted()).toEqual(created.map((entry) => entry.registrationUrl.id).toSorted());
+	});
+
+	it('refuses a registration URL another pod revoked while this pod held a stale list', async () => {
+		const admin = createPod();
+		const signup = createPod();
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await admin.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(null));
+		expect(await signup.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code)).not.toBeNull();
+
+		await admin.revokeRegistrationUrl(registrationUrl.id);
+
+		await expect(signup.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code)).resolves.toBeNull();
+		await expect(signup.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000501')).resolves.toBeNull();
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed?.use_count).toBe(0);
+	});
+
+	it('admits a registration URL another pod created while this pod held a stale list', async () => {
+		const admin = createPod();
+		const signup = createPod();
+		await signup.getRegistrationUrls();
+
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await admin.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(1));
+
+		await expect(signup.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+			id: registrationUrl.id,
+			approval_required: false,
+		});
+		await expect(signup.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000601')).resolves.not.toBeNull();
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed?.use_count).toBe(1);
+	});
+
+	it('never seats more signups than max_uses when pods claim the same registration URL at once', async () => {
+		const pods = [createPod(), createPod(), createPod()];
+		const {code} = await pods[0]!.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(2));
+		const registrationUrl = await pods[0]!.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code);
+		if (registrationUrl === null) throw new Error('registration URL did not resolve');
+
+		const claims = await Promise.all(
+			Array.from({length: 6}, (_, index) =>
+				pods[index % pods.length]!.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, `14000000000000001${index}0`),
+			),
+		);
+
+		expect(claims.filter((claim) => claim !== null)).toHaveLength(2);
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed?.use_count).toBe(2);
+		await expect(createPod().resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code)).resolves.toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('refuses a claim whose retry finds the registration URL exhausted, rather than reporting the lost attempt', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		const {code, registrationUrl} = await pod.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(1));
+		expect(await pod.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code)).not.toBeNull();
+		executor.watch(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY);
+		let competed = false;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			if (competed) return;
+			competed = true;
+			const stored = JSON.parse((await executor.readDirectly(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY)) ?? 'null') as Array<
+				Record<string, unknown>
+			>;
+			await executor.writeDirectly(
+				REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY,
+				JSON.stringify(
+					stored.map((entry) => ({
+						...entry,
+						use_count: 1,
+						last_used_at: '2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z',
+						last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000901',
+					})),
+				),
+			);
+		});
+
+		await expect(pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000902')).resolves.toBeNull();
+
+		expect(executor.events).toEqual(['read', 'write rejected', 'read']);
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed).toMatchObject({use_count: 1, last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000901'});
+	});
+
+	it('counts concurrent uses of an uncapped registration URL without ever refusing one', async () => {
+		const pods = [createPod(), createPod()];
+		const {code} = await pods[0]!.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(null));
+		const registrationUrl = await pods[0]!.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code);
+		if (registrationUrl === null) throw new Error('registration URL did not resolve');
+
+		const claims = await Promise.all(
+			Array.from({length: 5}, (_, index) =>
+				pods[index % pods.length]!.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, `14000000000000002${index}0`),
+			),
+		);
+
+		expect(claims.every((claim) => claim !== null)).toBe(true);
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed?.use_count).toBe(5);
+	});
+
+	it('frees a released seat for the next signup', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		const {code} = await pod.createRegistrationUrl(registrationUrlParams(1));
+		const registrationUrl = await pod.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(code);
+		if (registrationUrl === null) throw new Error('registration URL did not resolve');
+
+		const failedSignup = await pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000301');
+		if (failedSignup === null) throw new Error('the first claim was refused');
+		await expect(pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000302')).resolves.toBeNull();
+		await pod.releaseRegistrationUrlUse(failedSignup);
+
+		await expect(pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000303')).resolves.not.toBeNull();
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed).toMatchObject({use_count: 1, last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000303'});
+	});
+
+	it('enforces max_uses against the use count already stored in the blob', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		const id = 'b3c4f0b2-8a6e-4c41-9f55-3f0c2a7d1e91';
+		await executor.writeDirectly(
+			REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY,
+			JSON.stringify([
+				{
+					id,
+					label: 'Issued earlier',
+					code_hash: createHash('sha256').update(id).digest('hex'),
+					created_by_user_id: '1400000000000000001',
+					created_at: '2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+					expires_at: null,
+					max_uses: 3,
+					use_count: 2,
+					revoked_at: null,
+					approval_required: true,
+					last_used_at: '2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z',
+					last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000002',
+				},
+			]),
+		);
+
+		expect(await pod.getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin()).toEqual([
+			expect.objectContaining({
+				id,
+				use_count: 2,
+				max_uses: 3,
+				approval_required: true,
+				last_used_at: '2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z',
+				last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000002',
+			}),
+		]);
+		const registrationUrl = await pod.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(id);
+		if (registrationUrl === null) throw new Error('stored registration URL did not resolve');
+		expect(registrationUrl).toMatchObject({id, approval_required: true});
+
+		await expect(pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000401')).resolves.not.toBeNull();
+		await expect(pod.claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrl.id, '1400000000000000402')).resolves.toBeNull();
+
+		const [listed] = await createPod().getRegistrationUrlsForAdmin();
+		expect(listed).toMatchObject({use_count: 3, max_uses: 3, last_used_by_user_id: '1400000000000000401'});
+		await expect(pod.resolveRegistrationUrlCode(id)).resolves.toBeNull();
+		expect(JSON.parse((await executor.readDirectly(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY)) ?? 'null')[0]).toMatchObject({
+			use_count: 3,
+			max_uses: 3,
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('keeps an SSO field another pod changed while this pod held a stale snapshot', async () => {
+		const first = createPod();
+		const second = createPod();
+		await first.getSsoConfig();
+		await second.getSsoConfig();
+
+		await first.setSsoConfig({displayName: 'Set by the first pod'});
+		await second.setSsoConfig({clientId: 'set-by-the-second-pod'});
+
+		expect(await createPod().getSsoConfig()).toMatchObject({
+			displayName: 'Set by the first pod',
+			clientId: 'set-by-the-second-pod',
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('leaves an SSO row alone when another pod wrote it between this pod reading and writing it', async () => {
+		const pod = createPod();
+		await pod.getSsoConfig();
+		executor.watch('sso_enforced');
+		let competed = false;
+		executor.competeBeforeEachWrite(async () => {
+			if (competed) return;
+			competed = true;
+			await executor.writeDirectly('sso_enforced', 'true');
+		});
+
+		await pod.setSsoConfig({displayName: 'Only the display name'});
+
+		expect(await executor.readDirectly('sso_enforced')).toBe('true');
+		expect(await executor.readDirectly('sso_display_name')).toBe('Only the display name');
+	});
+}
+
+function pendingRegistration(userId: string) {
+	return {
+		user_id: userId,
+		username: `pending_${userId.slice(-3)}`,
+		discriminator: 1,
+		global_name: null,
+		email: `${userId}@example.com`,
+		requested_at: `2026-09-01T00:00:${userId.slice(-2)}.000Z`,
+		registration_url_id: null,
+		client_ip: '127.0.0.1',
+	};
+}
+
+function registrationUrlParams(maxUses: number | null) {
+	return {
+		label: maxUses === null ? 'Uncapped' : `Capped at ${maxUses}`,
+		createdByUserId: '1400000000000000001',
+		expiresAt: null,
+		maxUses,
+		approvalRequired: false,
+	};
+}
+
+describe('InstanceConfigRepository concurrent writes', () => {
+	describe('in memory', () => {
+		describeConcurrentInstanceConfigWrites(async () => new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+	});
+
+	describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('on postgres', () => {
+		let client: IPostgresClient;
+
+		beforeAll(async () => {
+			const port = await freePort();
+			startDockerContainer([
+				'run',
+				'-d',
+				'--name',
+				POSTGRES_CONTAINER,
+				'-e',
+				'POSTGRES_USER=fluxer',
+				'-e',
+				'POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fluxer',
+				'-e',
+				'POSTGRES_DB=fluxer',
+				'-p',
+				`127.0.0.1:${port}:5432`,
+				'postgres:16-alpine',
+				'-c',
+				'fsync=off',
+			]);
+			let ready = false;
+			for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 180 && !ready; attempt += 1) {
+				await sleep(500);
+				const probe = spawnSync('docker', ['exec', POSTGRES_CONTAINER, 'pg_isready', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer'], {
+					stdio: 'ignore',
+				});
+				if (probe.status !== 0) continue;
+				try {
+					await initPostgres({
+						url: `postgres://fluxer:[email protected]:${port}/fluxer`,
+						maxConnections: 4,
+						kvTable: POSTGRES_KV_TABLE,
+					});
+					await getDefaultPostgresClient().query('SELECT 1');
+					ready = true;
+				} catch {
+					await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+				}
+			}
+			if (!ready) throw new Error('postgres never came up');
+			client = getDefaultPostgresClient();
+			await ensurePostgresKvSchema(client);
+		}, 900_000);
+
+		afterAll(async () => {
+			setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+			await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+			spawnSync('docker', ['rm', '-f', POSTGRES_CONTAINER], {stdio: 'ignore'});
+		});
+
+		describeConcurrentInstanceConfigWrites(async () => {
+			await client.query(`DELETE FROM ${POSTGRES_KV_TABLE}`);
+			return new PostgresKvQueryExecutor(client);
+		});
+	});
+});
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 import crypto from 'node:crypto';
 import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
 import type {APIConfig, BlueskyOAuthConfig, BlueskyOAuthKeyConfig} from '@app/api/config/APIConfig';
-import {fetchMany, fetchOne, upsertOne} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {executeConditional, fetchMany, fetchOne, upsertOne} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {Db, type PreparedQuery} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
 import type {InstanceConfigurationRow} from '@app/api/database/types/InstanceConfigTypes';
 import {
 	getDefaultDateOfBirthCollection,
@@ -17,6 +18,9 @@ import {resolveDeferredPhoneGateEnabled, setCachedDeferredPhoneGateEnabled} from
 import {InstanceConfiguration} from '@app/api/Tables';
 import {DEFAULT_DECAY_CONSTANTS, DEFAULT_RENEWAL_CONSTANTS} from '@app/api/utils/AttachmentDecay';
 import {isJsonRecord} from '@app/api/utils/JsonBoundaryUtils';
+import {APIErrorCodes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/ApiErrorCodes';
+import {ConflictError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/core/ConflictError';
+import {ServiceUnavailableError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/core/ServiceUnavailableError';
 import type {LimitConfigSnapshot} from '@fluxer/limits/src/LimitTypes';
 import {
 	InstanceConfigResponse,
@@ -28,6 +32,10 @@ import {
 	type GatewayRolloutConfig,
 	GatewayRolloutConfigSchema,
 } from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/GatewayRolloutSchemas';
+import {
+	type PushServiceDeliveryConfig,
+	PushServiceDeliveryConfigSchema,
+} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/PushServiceDeliverySchemas';
 import {
 	type ScreenShareDeliveryConfig,
 	ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema,
@@ -59,6 +67,7 @@ import {z} from 'zod';
 const GATEWAY_ROLLOUT_CONFIG_KEY = 'gateway_rollout_config';
 const VOICE_NOISE_SUPPRESSION_CONFIG_KEY = 'voice_noise_suppression_config';
 const SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'screen_share_delivery_config';
+const PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'push_service_delivery_config';
 const EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY = 'experiment_delivery_config';
 const REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY = 'registration_config';
 const REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY = 'registration_urls';
@@ -72,6 +81,22 @@ const INSTANCE_MEDIA_CONFIG_KEY = 'instance_media_config';
 export const INSTANCE_CONFIG_REFRESH_CHANNEL = 'instance-config-refresh';
 export const REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVAL_TRAIT = 'registration_pending_approval';
 export const REGISTRATION_REJECTED_TRAIT = 'registration_rejected';
+export const INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS = 5;
+
+export class InstanceConfigWriteConflictError extends ConflictError {
+	constructor(key: string) {
+		super({
+			code: APIErrorCodes.CONFLICT,
+			message: `Instance config "${key}" changed concurrently on all ${INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS} write attempts. Nothing was written. Retry the change.`,
+		});
+		this.name = 'InstanceConfigWriteConflictError';
+	}
+}
+
+interface StoredValueUpdate<T> {
+	value: string | null;
+	result: T;
+}

 export type InstanceRegistrationConfig = InstanceRegistration;

@@ -277,6 +302,11 @@ export interface InstanceRegistrationUrl extends RegistrationUrlResponse {
 type InstanceRegistrationUrlPublic = RegistrationUrlResponse;
 type InstancePendingRegistration = PendingRegistrationResponse;

+export interface RegistrationUrlClaim {
+	registration_url_id: string;
+	user_id: string;
+}
+
 const DEFAULT_REGISTRATION_CONFIG: InstanceRegistrationConfig = {
 	mode: 'open',
 	admin_registration_urls_enabled: true,
@@ -345,6 +375,7 @@ type StoredConfigSection =
 	| 'gateway rollout'
 	| 'voice noise suppression'
 	| 'screen share delivery'
+	| 'push service delivery'
 	| 'experiment delivery'
 	| 'instance policy'
 	| 'integrations'
@@ -487,6 +518,10 @@ function parseStoredScreenShareDeliveryConfig(raw: string | null): ScreenShareDe
 	return parseStoredConfigOrDefault(ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema, raw, 'screen share delivery');
 }

+function parseStoredPushServiceDeliveryConfig(raw: string | null): PushServiceDeliveryConfig {
+	return parseStoredConfigOrDefault(PushServiceDeliveryConfigSchema, raw, 'push service delivery');
+}
+
 function parseStoredExperimentDeliveryConfig(raw: string | null): ExperimentDeliveryConfig {
 	return parseStoredConfigOrDefault(ExperimentDeliveryConfigSchema, raw, 'experiment delivery');
 }
@@ -910,6 +945,75 @@ function parseStoredSsoAllowedEmailDomains(raw: string | undefined, log = false)
 	return Array.from(domains).slice(0, MAX_SSO_ALLOWED_DOMAINS);
 }

+function readStoredSsoConfig(
+	configs: ReadonlyMap<string, string>,
+	options?: {includeSecret?: boolean},
+): InstanceSsoConfig {
+	const flags = readStoredSsoFlags(configs);
+	const read = (key: string): string | null => {
+		const v = configs.get(key);
+		if (!v) return null;
+		const trimmed = v.trim();
+		return trimmed.length === 0 ? null : trimmed;
+	};
+	const allowedDomains = parseStoredSsoAllowedEmailDomains(configs.get('sso_allowed_domains'));
+	const clientSecret = read('sso_client_secret');
+	return {
+		...flags,
+		displayName: read('sso_display_name'),
+		issuer: read('sso_issuer'),
+		authorizationUrl: read('sso_authorization_url'),
+		tokenUrl: read('sso_token_url'),
+		userInfoUrl: read('sso_userinfo_url'),
+		jwksUrl: read('sso_jwks_url'),
+		clientId: read('sso_client_id'),
+		clientSecret: options?.includeSecret ? clientSecret : undefined,
+		clientSecretSet: Boolean(clientSecret),
+		scope: read('sso_scope'),
+		allowedEmailDomains: allowedDomains,
+		redirectUri: null,
+	};
+}
+
+interface SsoRowWrite {
+	key: string;
+	value: string | undefined;
+	unset: string;
+}
+
+function ssoRow<T>(key: string, value: T | undefined, current: T, format: (value: T) => string): SsoRowWrite {
+	return {key, value: value === undefined ? undefined : format(value), unset: format(current)};
+}
+
+function nextSsoRowValue(row: SsoRowWrite, raw: string | null): string | null {
+	const value = row.value ?? raw ?? row.unset;
+	return value === raw ? null : value;
+}
+
+function formatSsoBoolean(value: boolean): string {
+	return value ? 'true' : 'false';
+}
+
+function formatSsoString(value: string | null): string {
+	return value ?? '';
+}
+
+function formatSsoDomains(value: Array<string>): string {
+	return JSON.stringify(value);
+}
+
+function normalizeSsoAllowedEmailDomainsForWrite(domains: Array<string>, enabled: boolean): Array<string> {
+	try {
+		return normalizeSsoAllowedEmailDomains(domains);
+	} catch (error) {
+		if (enabled) {
+			throw error;
+		}
+		Logger.warn({error}, 'Clearing invalid SSO allowed domain config while SSO is disabled');
+		return [];
+	}
+}
+
 export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 	private readonly kvClient: IKVProvider | null;
 	private configCache: InstanceConfigCache;
@@ -993,6 +1097,57 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		);
 	}

+	private async updateStoredConfig<T>(key: string, next: (raw: string | null) => T): Promise<T> {
+		const cache = this.configCache;
+		const {result} = await this.compareAndSetStoredValue(cache, key, (raw) => {
+			const config = next(raw);
+			return {value: JSON.stringify(config), result: config};
+		});
+		await this.publishRefresh(cache.sourceId);
+		return result;
+	}
+
+	private async compareAndSetStoredValue<T>(
+		cache: InstanceConfigCache,
+		key: string,
+		next: (raw: string | null) => StoredValueUpdate<T>,
+	): Promise<{result: T; written: boolean}> {
+		await cache.getSnapshot();
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS; attempt++) {
+			cache.assertActive();
+			const current = await this.fetchConfigForWrite(key);
+			cache.assertActive();
+			const {value, result} = next(current);
+			if (value === null) return {result, written: false};
+			if (await executeConditional(this.compareAndSetConfig(key, current, value))) {
+				cache.update(key, value);
+				return {result, written: true};
+			}
+		}
+		Logger.error(
+			{key, attempts: INSTANCE_CONFIG_WRITE_ATTEMPTS},
+			'Instance config write lost to a concurrent write on every attempt',
+		);
+		throw new InstanceConfigWriteConflictError(key);
+	}
+
+	private compareAndSetConfig(key: string, current: string | null, value: string): PreparedQuery {
+		const updatedAt = new Date();
+		if (current === null) {
+			return InstanceConfiguration.insertIfNotExists({key, value, updated_at: updatedAt});
+		}
+		return InstanceConfiguration.conditionalPatchByPk(
+			{key},
+			{value: Db.set(value), updated_at: Db.set(updatedAt)},
+			{value: current},
+		);
+	}
+
+	private async fetchConfigForWrite(key: string): Promise<string | null> {
+		const [row] = await fetchMany<InstanceConfigurationRow>(FETCH_CONFIG_QUERY, {key}, {consistency: 'serial'});
+		return row?.value ?? null;
+	}
+
 	private async fetchConfigFromDatabase(key: string): Promise<string | null> {
 		const row = await fetchOne<InstanceConfigurationRow>(FETCH_CONFIG_QUERY, {key});
 		return row?.value ?? null;
@@ -1015,6 +1170,7 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		);
 		parseStoredVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(snapshot.get(VOICE_NOISE_SUPPRESSION_CONFIG_KEY) ?? null);
 		parseStoredScreenShareDeliveryConfig(snapshot.get(SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY) ?? null);
+		parseStoredPushServiceDeliveryConfig(snapshot.get(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY) ?? null);
 		parseStoredExperimentDeliveryConfig(snapshot.get(EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY) ?? null);
 		const policy = parseStoredInstancePolicyConfig(snapshot.get(INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY) ?? null);
 		checkStoredConfig('registration', () =>
@@ -1082,8 +1238,12 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		return parseStoredGatewayRolloutConfig(raw);
 	}

-	async setGatewayRolloutConfig(config: GatewayRolloutConfig): Promise<void> {
-		await this.setConfig(GATEWAY_ROLLOUT_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(decodeGatewayRolloutConfig(config)));
+	updateGatewayRolloutConfig(
+		update: (current: GatewayRolloutConfig) => GatewayRolloutConfig,
+	): Promise<GatewayRolloutConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(GATEWAY_ROLLOUT_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) =>
+			decodeGatewayRolloutConfig(update(parseStoredGatewayRolloutConfig(raw))),
+		);
 	}

 	async getVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(): Promise<VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig> {
@@ -1092,8 +1252,19 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 	}

 	async setVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(config: VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig): Promise<void> {
-		const validated = validateStoredConfig(VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigSchema, config, 'voice noise suppression');
-		await this.setConfig(VOICE_NOISE_SUPPRESSION_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(validated));
+		await this.updateVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(() => config);
+	}
+
+	updateVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(
+		update: (current: VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig) => VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig,
+	): Promise<VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(VOICE_NOISE_SUPPRESSION_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredConfig(
+				VoiceNoiseSuppressionConfigSchema,
+				update(parseStoredVoiceNoiseSuppressionConfig(raw)),
+				'voice noise suppression',
+			),
+		);
 	}

 	async getScreenShareDeliveryConfig(): Promise<ScreenShareDeliveryConfig> {
@@ -1102,8 +1273,36 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 	}

 	async setScreenShareDeliveryConfig(config: ScreenShareDeliveryConfig): Promise<void> {
-		const validated = validateStoredConfig(ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema, config, 'screen share delivery');
-		await this.setConfig(SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(validated));
+		await this.updateScreenShareDeliveryConfig(() => config);
+	}
+
+	updateScreenShareDeliveryConfig(
+		update: (current: ScreenShareDeliveryConfig) => ScreenShareDeliveryConfig,
+	): Promise<ScreenShareDeliveryConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(SCREEN_SHARE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredConfig(
+				ScreenShareDeliveryConfigSchema,
+				update(parseStoredScreenShareDeliveryConfig(raw)),
+				'screen share delivery',
+			),
+		);
+	}
+
+	async getPushServiceDeliveryConfig(): Promise<PushServiceDeliveryConfig> {
+		const raw = await this.getConfig(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY);
+		return parseStoredPushServiceDeliveryConfig(raw);
+	}
+
+	updatePushServiceDeliveryConfig(
+		update: (current: PushServiceDeliveryConfig) => PushServiceDeliveryConfig,
+	): Promise<PushServiceDeliveryConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredConfig(
+				PushServiceDeliveryConfigSchema,
+				update(parseStoredPushServiceDeliveryConfig(raw)),
+				'push service delivery',
+			),
+		);
 	}

 	async getExperimentDeliveryConfig(): Promise<ExperimentDeliveryConfig> {
@@ -1112,8 +1311,19 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 	}

 	async setExperimentDeliveryConfig(config: ExperimentDeliveryConfig): Promise<void> {
-		const validated = validateStoredConfig(ExperimentDeliveryConfigSchema, config, 'experiment delivery');
-		await this.setConfig(EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(validated));
+		await this.updateExperimentDeliveryConfig(() => config);
+	}
+
+	updateExperimentDeliveryConfig(
+		update: (current: ExperimentDeliveryConfig) => ExperimentDeliveryConfig,
+	): Promise<ExperimentDeliveryConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(EXPERIMENT_DELIVERY_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredConfig(
+				ExperimentDeliveryConfigSchema,
+				update(parseStoredExperimentDeliveryConfig(raw)),
+				'experiment delivery',
+			),
+		);
 	}

 	async readLimitConfigInputs(): Promise<LimitConfigInputs> {
@@ -1149,26 +1359,27 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		legal?: Partial<InstanceAppPublicConfig['legal']>;
 		registration?: Partial<InstanceAppPublicConfig['registration']>;
 	}): Promise<InstanceAppPublicConfig> {
-		const current = await this.getAppPublicConfig();
-		const next = decodeAppPublicConfig({
-			branding: {
-				...current.branding,
-				...(config.branding ?? {}),
-			},
-			setup: {
-				...current.setup,
-				...(config.setup ?? {}),
-			},
-			legal: {
-				...current.legal,
-				...(config.legal ?? {}),
-			},
-			registration: {
-				...current.registration,
-				...(config.registration ?? {}),
-			},
+		const next = await this.updateStoredConfig(APP_PUBLIC_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) => {
+			const current = parseStoredAppPublicConfig(raw);
+			return decodeAppPublicConfig({
+				branding: {
+					...current.branding,
+					...(config.branding ?? {}),
+				},
+				setup: {
+					...current.setup,
+					...(config.setup ?? {}),
+				},
+				legal: {
+					...current.legal,
+					...(config.legal ?? {}),
+				},
+				registration: {
+					...current.registration,
+					...(config.registration ?? {}),
+				},
+			});
 		});
-		await this.setConfig(APP_PUBLIC_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
 		setCachedDateOfBirthCollection(next.registration.collect_date_of_birth);
 		return next;
 	}
@@ -1188,10 +1399,21 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		return parseStoredInstancePolicyConfig(raw);
 	}

-	async setInstancePolicyConfig(config: Partial<InstancePolicyConfig>): Promise<InstancePolicyConfig> {
-		const current = await this.readStoredInstancePolicyConfig();
-		const next = decodeInstancePolicyConfig({...current, ...config});
-		await this.setConfig(INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
+	setInstancePolicyConfig(config: Partial<InstancePolicyConfig>): Promise<InstancePolicyConfig> {
+		return this.updateInstancePolicyConfig(() => config);
+	}
+
+	async updateInstancePolicyConfig(
+		plan: (current: InstancePolicyConfig) => Partial<InstancePolicyConfig>,
+	): Promise<InstancePolicyConfig> {
+		const cache = this.configCache;
+		const {result: next, written} = await this.compareAndSetStoredValue(cache, INSTANCE_POLICY_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) => {
+			const current = parseStoredInstancePolicyConfig(raw);
+			const patch = plan(current);
+			const config = decodeInstancePolicyConfig({...current, ...patch});
+			return {value: Object.keys(patch).length === 0 ? null : JSON.stringify(config), result: config};
+		});
+		if (written) await this.publishRefresh(cache.sourceId);
 		setCachedDeferredPhoneGateEnabled(resolveDeferredPhoneGateEnabled(next));
 		return next;
 	}
@@ -1201,37 +1423,37 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		return parseStoredInstanceIntegrationsConfig(raw);
 	}

-	async setInstanceIntegrationsConfig(config: InstanceIntegrationsConfigPatch): Promise<InstanceIntegrationsConfig> {
-		const current = await this.getInstanceIntegrationsConfig();
-		const next = decodeInstanceIntegrationsConfig({
-			gif: {
-				...current.gif,
-				...(config.gif ?? {}),
-			},
-			youtube: {
-				...current.youtube,
-				...(config.youtube ?? {}),
-			},
-			captcha: {
-				...current.captcha,
-				...(config.captcha ?? {}),
-			},
-			email: {
-				...current.email,
-				...(config.email ?? {}),
-				smtp: {
-					...current.email.smtp,
-					...(config.email?.smtp ?? {}),
+	setInstanceIntegrationsConfig(config: InstanceIntegrationsConfigPatch): Promise<InstanceIntegrationsConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(INSTANCE_INTEGRATIONS_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) => {
+			const current = parseStoredInstanceIntegrationsConfig(raw);
+			return decodeInstanceIntegrationsConfig({
+				gif: {
+					...current.gif,
+					...(config.gif ?? {}),
 				},
-			},
-			bluesky: {
-				...current.bluesky,
-				...(config.bluesky ?? {}),
-				keys: config.bluesky?.keys ?? current.bluesky.keys,
-			},
+				youtube: {
+					...current.youtube,
+					...(config.youtube ?? {}),
+				},
+				captcha: {
+					...current.captcha,
+					...(config.captcha ?? {}),
+				},
+				email: {
+					...current.email,
+					...(config.email ?? {}),
+					smtp: {
+						...current.email.smtp,
+						...(config.email?.smtp ?? {}),
+					},
+				},
+				bluesky: {
+					...current.bluesky,
+					...(config.bluesky ?? {}),
+					keys: config.bluesky?.keys ?? current.bluesky.keys,
+				},
+			});
 		});
-		await this.setConfig(INSTANCE_INTEGRATIONS_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
-		return next;
 	}

 	async getInstanceMediaConfig(): Promise<InstanceMediaConfig> {
@@ -1239,16 +1461,16 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		return parseStoredInstanceMediaConfig(raw);
 	}

-	async setInstanceMediaConfig(config: InstanceMediaConfigPatch): Promise<InstanceMediaConfig> {
-		const current = await this.getInstanceMediaConfig();
-		const next = decodeInstanceMediaConfig({
-			attachment_decay: {
-				...current.attachment_decay,
-				...(config.attachment_decay ?? {}),
-			},
+	setInstanceMediaConfig(config: InstanceMediaConfigPatch): Promise<InstanceMediaConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(INSTANCE_MEDIA_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) => {
+			const current = parseStoredInstanceMediaConfig(raw);
+			return decodeInstanceMediaConfig({
+				attachment_decay: {
+					...current.attachment_decay,
+					...(config.attachment_decay ?? {}),
+				},
+			});
 		});
-		await this.setConfig(INSTANCE_MEDIA_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
-		return next;
 	}

 	async getEffectiveAttachmentDecayConfig(): Promise<InstanceAttachmentDecayEffectiveConfig> {
@@ -1485,15 +1707,15 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		return parseStoredRegistrationConfig(raw);
 	}

-	async setRegistrationConfig(config: Partial<InstanceRegistrationConfig>): Promise<InstanceRegistrationConfig> {
-		const current = await this.getRegistrationConfig();
-		const next = decodeRegistrationConfig({
-			mode: config.mode ?? current.mode,
-			admin_registration_urls_enabled:
-				config.admin_registration_urls_enabled ?? current.admin_registration_urls_enabled,
+	setRegistrationConfig(config: Partial<InstanceRegistrationConfig>): Promise<InstanceRegistrationConfig> {
+		return this.updateStoredConfig(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY, (raw) => {
+			const current = parseStoredRegistrationConfig(raw);
+			return decodeRegistrationConfig({
+				mode: config.mode ?? current.mode,
+				admin_registration_urls_enabled:
+					config.admin_registration_urls_enabled ?? current.admin_registration_urls_enabled,
+			});
 		});
-		await this.setConfig(REGISTRATION_CONFIG_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
-		return next;
 	}

 	async getRegistrationPublicConfig(): Promise<InstanceRegistrationConfig> {
@@ -1534,16 +1756,20 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 			last_used_at: null,
 			last_used_by_user_id: null,
 		};
-		const registrationUrls = await this.getRegistrationUrls();
-		await this.setRegistrationUrls([registrationUrl, ...registrationUrls]);
+		await this.updateStoredConfig(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredCollection(
+				StoredRegistrationUrlSchema,
+				[registrationUrl, ...parseStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, raw, 'registration URLs')],
+				'registration URLs',
+			),
+		);
 		return {registrationUrl: redactRegistrationUrl(registrationUrl), code};
 	}

 	async revokeRegistrationUrl(id: string): Promise<void> {
 		const now = new Date().toISOString();
-		const registrationUrls = await this.getRegistrationUrls();
-		await this.setRegistrationUrls(
-			registrationUrls.map((registrationUrl) =>
+		await this.updateStoredConfig(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY, (raw) =>
+			parseStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, raw, 'registration URLs').map((registrationUrl) =>
 				registrationUrl.id === id && !registrationUrl.revoked_at
 					? {...registrationUrl, revoked_at: now}
 					: registrationUrl,
@@ -1556,9 +1782,8 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		if (!normalizedCode) return null;
 		const hash = this.hashRegistrationUrlCode(normalizedCode);
 		const now = new Date();
-		const registrationUrls = await this.getRegistrationUrls();
 		return (
-			registrationUrls.find(
+			(await this.fetchRegistrationUrlDefinitions()).find(
 				(registrationUrl) =>
 					(registrationUrl.id === normalizedCode || registrationUrl.code_hash === hash) &&
 					isRegistrationUrlUsable(registrationUrl, now),
@@ -1566,21 +1791,68 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 		);
 	}

-	async recordRegistrationUrlUse(id: string, userId: string): Promise<void> {
-		const now = new Date().toISOString();
-		const registrationUrls = await this.getRegistrationUrls();
-		await this.setRegistrationUrls(
-			registrationUrls.map((registrationUrl) =>
-				registrationUrl.id === id
-					? {
-							...registrationUrl,
-							use_count: registrationUrl.use_count + 1,
-							last_used_at: now,
-							last_used_by_user_id: userId,
-						}
-					: registrationUrl,
-			),
-		);
+	async claimRegistrationUrlUse(registrationUrlId: string, userId: string): Promise<RegistrationUrlClaim | null> {
+		const cache = this.configCache;
+		let claimed: {result: RegistrationUrlClaim | null; written: boolean};
+		try {
+			claimed = await this.compareAndSetStoredValue<RegistrationUrlClaim | null>(
+				cache,
+				REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY,
+				(raw) => {
+					const registrationUrls = parseStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, raw, 'registration URLs');
+					const now = new Date();
+					const claimable = registrationUrls.find(
+						(registrationUrl) =>
+							registrationUrl.id === registrationUrlId && isRegistrationUrlUsable(registrationUrl, now),
+					);
+					if (!claimable) return {value: null, result: null};
+					const next = registrationUrls.map((registrationUrl) =>
+						registrationUrl === claimable
+							? {
+									...registrationUrl,
+									use_count: registrationUrl.use_count + 1,
+									last_used_at: now.toISOString(),
+									last_used_by_user_id: userId,
+								}
+							: registrationUrl,
+					);
+					return {
+						value: JSON.stringify(validateStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, next, 'registration URLs')),
+						result: {registration_url_id: registrationUrlId, user_id: userId},
+					};
+				},
+			);
+		} catch (error) {
+			if (error instanceof InstanceConfigWriteConflictError) throw new ServiceUnavailableError();
+			throw error;
+		}
+		if (claimed.written) await this.publishRefresh(cache.sourceId);
+		return claimed.result;
+	}
+
+	async releaseRegistrationUrlUse(claim: RegistrationUrlClaim): Promise<void> {
+		const cache = this.configCache;
+		try {
+			const {written} = await this.compareAndSetStoredValue<null>(cache, REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY, (raw) => {
+				const registrationUrls = parseStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, raw, 'registration URLs');
+				const released = registrationUrls.find(
+					(registrationUrl) => registrationUrl.id === claim.registration_url_id && registrationUrl.use_count > 0,
+				);
+				if (!released) return {value: null, result: null};
+				const next = registrationUrls.map((registrationUrl) =>
+					registrationUrl === released
+						? {...registrationUrl, use_count: registrationUrl.use_count - 1}
+						: registrationUrl,
+				);
+				return {value: JSON.stringify(next), result: null};
+			});
+			if (written) await this.publishRefresh(cache.sourceId);
+		} catch (error) {
+			Logger.warn(
+				{registrationUrlId: claim.registration_url_id, userId: claim.user_id, error},
+				'Releasing a registration URL use failed',
+			);
+		}
 	}

 	async getPendingRegistrations(): Promise<Array<InstancePendingRegistration>> {
@@ -1591,104 +1863,82 @@ export class InstanceConfigRepository {
 	}

 	async addPendingRegistration(pendingRegistration: InstancePendingRegistration): Promise<void> {
-		const pendingRegistrations = await this.getPendingRegistrations();
-		const next = [
-			pendingRegistration,
-			...pendingRegistrations.filter((entry) => entry.user_id !== pendingRegistration.user_id),
-		];
-		await this.setPendingRegistrations(next);
+		await this.updateStoredConfig(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY, (raw) =>
+			validateStoredCollection(
+				StoredPendingRegistrationSchema,
+				[
+					pendingRegistration,
+					...parseStoredCollection(StoredPendingRegistrationSchema, raw, 'pending registrations').filter(
+						(entry) => entry.user_id !== pendingRegistration.user_id,
+					),
+				],
+				'pending registrations',
+			),
+		);
 	}

 	async removePendingRegistration(userId: string): Promise<void> {
-		const pendingRegistrations = await this.getPendingRegistrations();
-		await this.setPendingRegistrations(pendingRegistrations.filter((entry) => entry.user_id !== userId));
+		await this.updateStoredConfig(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY, (raw) =>
+			parseStoredCollection(StoredPendingRegistrationSchema, raw, 'pending registrations').filter(
+				(entry) => entry.user_id !== userId,
+			),
+		);
 	}

 	async getSsoConfig(options?: {includeSecret?: boolean}): Promise<InstanceSsoConfig> {
-		const configs = await this.getAllConfigs();
-		const flags = readStoredSsoFlags(configs);
-		const read = (key: string): string | null => {
-			const v = configs.get(key);
-			if (!v) return null;
-			const trimmed = v.trim();
-			return trimmed.length === 0 ? null : trimmed;
-		};
-		const allowedDomains = parseStoredSsoAllowedEmailDomains(configs.get('sso_allowed_domains'));
-		const clientSecret = read('sso_client_secret');
-		return {
-			...flags,
-			displayName: read('sso_display_name'),
-			issuer: read('sso_issuer'),
-			authorizationUrl: read('sso_authorization_url'),
-			tokenUrl: read('sso_token_url'),
-			userInfoUrl: read('sso_userinfo_url'),
-			jwksUrl: read('sso_jwks_url'),
-			clientId: read('sso_client_id'),
-			clientSecret: options?.includeSecret ? clientSecret : undefined,
-			clientSecretSet: Boolean(clientSecret),
-			scope: read('sso_scope'),
-			allowedEmailDomains: allowedDomains,
-			redirectUri: null,
-		};
+		return readStoredSsoConfig(await this.getAllConfigs(), options);
 	}

 	async setSsoConfig(config: Partial<InstanceSsoConfig>): Promise<InstanceSsoConfig> {
-		const current = await this.getSsoConfig({includeSecret: true});
-		const definedConfig = Object.fromEntries(
-			Object.entries(config).filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined),
-		) as Partial<InstanceSsoConfig>;
-		const next: InstanceSsoConfig = {
-			...current,
-			...definedConfig,
-			clientSecret: config.clientSecret !== undefined ? config.clientSecret : current.clientSecret,
-		};
-		if (config.enabled === true && config.enforced === undefined && !current.enabled) {
-			next.enforced = true;
-		}
-		let allowedEmailDomains: Array<string>;
-		try {
-			allowedEmailDomains = normalizeSsoAllowedEmailDomains(next.allowedEmailDomains);
-		} catch (error) {
-			if (next.enabled) {
-				throw error;
-			}
-			Logger.warn({error}, 'Clearing invalid SSO allowed domain config while SSO is disabled');
-			allowedEmailDomains = [];
-		}
-		const entries: Array<[string, string]> = [
-			['sso_enabled', next.enabled ? 'true' : 'false'],
-			['sso_enforced', next.enforced ? 'true' : 'false'],
-			['sso_display_name', next.displayName ?? ''],
-			['sso_issuer', next.issuer ?? ''],
-			['sso_authorization_url', next.authorizationUrl ?? ''],
-			['sso_token_url', next.tokenUrl ?? ''],
-			['sso_userinfo_url', next.userInfoUrl ?? ''],
-			['sso_jwks_url', next.jwksUrl ?? ''],
-			['sso_client_id', next.clientId ?? ''],
-			['sso_scope', next.scope ?? ''],
-			['sso_allowed_domains', JSON.stringify(allowedEmailDomains)],
-			['sso_auto_provision', next.autoProvision ? 'true' : 'false'],
-			['sso_redirect_uri', ''],
+		const configs = await this.getAllConfigs();
+		const current = readStoredSsoConfig(configs, {includeSecret: true});
+		const enabled = config.enabled ?? current.enabled;
+		const allowedEmailDomains =
+			config.allowedEmailDomains === undefined
+				? undefined
+				: normalizeSsoAllowedEmailDomainsForWrite(config.allowedEmailDomains, enabled);
+		const rows: Array<SsoRowWrite> = [
+			ssoRow('sso_enabled', config.enabled, current.enabled, formatSsoBoolean),
+			ssoRow('sso_enforced', config.enforced, current.enforced, formatSsoBoolean),
+			ssoRow('sso_display_name', config.displayName, current.displayName, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_issuer', config.issuer, current.issuer, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_authorization_url', config.authorizationUrl, current.authorizationUrl, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_token_url', config.tokenUrl, current.tokenUrl, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_userinfo_url', config.userInfoUrl, current.userInfoUrl, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_jwks_url', config.jwksUrl, current.jwksUrl, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_client_id', config.clientId, current.clientId, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_scope', config.scope, current.scope, formatSsoString),
+			ssoRow('sso_allowed_domains', allowedEmailDomains, current.allowedEmailDomains, formatSsoDomains),
+			ssoRow('sso_auto_provision', config.autoProvision, current.autoProvision, formatSsoBoolean),
+			ssoRow('sso_redirect_uri', undefined, null, formatSsoString),
 		];
 		if (config.clientSecret !== undefined) {
-			entries.push(['sso_client_secret', config.clientSecret ?? '']);
+			rows.push(ssoRow('sso_client_secret', config.clientSecret, current.clientSecret ?? null, formatSsoString));
 		}
-		await this.setConfigs(entries);
+		const cache = this.configCache;
+		const results = await Promise.allSettled(
+			rows
+				.filter((row) => row.value !== undefined || !configs.has(row.key))
+				.map((row) =>
+					this.compareAndSetStoredValue(cache, row.key, (raw) => ({value: nextSsoRowValue(row, raw), result: null})),
+				),
+		);
+		const errors: Array<unknown> = results.flatMap((result) => (result.status === 'rejected' ? [result.reason] : []));
+		if (results.some((result) => result.status === 'fulfilled' && result.value.written)) {
+			try {
+				await this.publishRefresh(cache.sourceId);
+			} catch (error) {
+				errors.push(error);
+			}
+		}
+		if (errors.length === 1) throw errors[0];
+		if (errors.length > 1) throw new AggregateError(errors, 'Failed to write or publish the SSO config');
 		return this.getSsoConfig({includeSecret: true});
 	}

-	private async setRegistrationUrls(registrationUrls: Array<InstanceRegistrationUrl>): Promise<void> {
-		const validated = validateStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, registrationUrls, 'registration URLs');
-		await this.setConfig(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY, JSON.stringify(validated));
-	}
-
-	private async setPendingRegistrations(pendingRegistrations: Array<InstancePendingRegistration>): Promise<void> {
-		const validated = validateStoredCollection(
-			StoredPendingRegistrationSchema,
-			pendingRegistrations,
-			'pending registrations',
-		);
-		await this.setConfig(REGISTRATION_PENDING_APPROVALS_KEY, JSON.stringify(validated));
+	private async fetchRegistrationUrlDefinitions(): Promise<Array<InstanceRegistrationUrl>> {
+		const raw = await this.fetchConfigFromDatabase(REGISTRATION_URLS_KEY);
+		return parseStoredCollection(StoredRegistrationUrlSchema, raw, 'registration URLs');
 	}

 	private hashRegistrationUrlCode(code: string): string {
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import type {PushServiceDeliveryConfig} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/PushServiceDeliverySchemas';
+import type {INatsConnectionManager} from '@pkgs/nats/src/INatsConnectionManager';
+
+const textEncoder = new TextEncoder();
+
+export const PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_NATS_SUBJECT = 'config.push.delivery';
+
+interface PushServiceDeliveryConfigNatsMessage {
+	type: 'push_service_delivery_config';
+	config: PushServiceDeliveryConfig;
+}
+
+export class PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher {
+	constructor(private readonly connectionManager: INatsConnectionManager) {}
+
+	async publish(config: PushServiceDeliveryConfig): Promise<void> {
+		if (this.connectionManager.isClosed()) {
+			await this.connectionManager.connect();
+		}
+		const connection = this.connectionManager.getConnection();
+		const message: PushServiceDeliveryConfigNatsMessage = {
+			type: 'push_service_delivery_config',
+			config,
+		};
+		connection.publish(PUSH_SERVICE_DELIVERY_CONFIG_NATS_SUBJECT, textEncoder.encode(JSON.stringify(message)));
+		await connection.flush();
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {getKvMeta} from '@app/api/database/CassandraMetaRegistry';
+import type {CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import type {CassandraParams, KvQueryMeta, PreparedQuery} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
+import type {InstanceConfigurationRow} from '@app/api/database/types/InstanceConfigTypes';
+import {InstanceConfiguration} from '@app/api/Tables';
+
+type InstanceConfigWriteEvent = 'read' | 'write' | 'write rejected';
+
+interface WriteGate {
+	size: number;
+	paused: Array<() => void>;
+}
+
+const FETCH_ROW_QUERY = InstanceConfiguration.selectCql({
+	where: InstanceConfiguration.where.eq('key'),
+	limit: 1,
+});
+
+export class InstanceConfigWriteRaceExecutor implements CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting {
+	readonly events: Array<InstanceConfigWriteEvent> = [];
+	private watchedKey: string | null = null;
+	private gate: WriteGate | null = null;
+	private beforeEachWrite: (() => Promise<void>) | null = null;
+
+	constructor(private readonly base: CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting) {}
+
+	watch(key: string): void {
+		this.watchedKey = key;
+		this.events.length = 0;
+	}
+
+	pauseWritesUntil(size: number): void {
+		this.gate = {size, paused: []};
+	}
+
+	competeBeforeEachWrite(write: () => Promise<void>): void {
+		this.beforeEachWrite = write;
+	}
+
+	async writeDirectly(key: string, value: string): Promise<void> {
+		await this.base.executeQuery(InstanceConfiguration.upsertAll({key, value, updated_at: new Date()}));
+	}
+
+	async readDirectly(key: string): Promise<string | null> {
+		const [row] = await this.base.executeQuery<InstanceConfigurationRow>({cql: FETCH_ROW_QUERY, params: {key}});
+		return row?.value ?? null;
+	}
+
+	async executeQuery<T = Record<string, unknown>, P extends CassandraParams = CassandraParams>(
+		query: PreparedQuery<P>,
+	): Promise<Array<T>> {
+		const meta = query.kvMeta ?? getKvMeta(query.cql);
+		if (this.watchedKey === null || !this.isWatched(meta, query.params)) {
+			return this.base.executeQuery<T, P>(query);
+		}
+		if (meta?.action === 'select') {
+			this.events.push('read');
+			return this.base.executeQuery<T, P>(query);
+		}
+		await this.passGate();
+		await this.beforeEachWrite?.();
+		const rows = await this.base.executeQuery<T, P>(query);
+		const applied = (rows[0] as {'[applied]'?: unknown} | undefined)?.['[applied]'];
+		this.events.push(applied === false ? 'write rejected' : 'write');
+		return rows;
+	}
+
+	executeBatch(queries: Array<{query: string; params: object; meta?: KvQueryMeta}>, atomic?: boolean): Promise<void> {
+		return this.base.executeBatch(queries, atomic);
+	}
+
+	reset(): void {
+		this.base.reset?.();
+		this.watchedKey = null;
+		this.gate = null;
+		this.beforeEachWrite = null;
+		this.events.length = 0;
+	}
+
+	async shutdown(): Promise<void> {
+		await this.base.shutdown?.();
+	}
+
+	private isWatched(meta: KvQueryMeta | null | undefined, params: CassandraParams): boolean {
+		return meta?.table.name === InstanceConfiguration.name && params.key === this.watchedKey;
+	}
+
+	private async passGate(): Promise<void> {
+		const gate = this.gate;
+		if (gate === null) return;
+		await new Promise<void>((release) => {
+			gate.paused.push(release);
+			if (gate.paused.length < gate.size) return;
+			this.gate = null;
+			for (const release of gate.paused) release();
+		});
+	}
+}
@@ -32,10 +32,12 @@ export interface ListJobsResult {
 }

 export abstract class IJobLedgerRepository {
-	abstract createJob(input: CreateJobInput): Promise<void>;
+	abstract createJob(input: CreateJobInput): Promise<Date>;

 	abstract getJob(jobId: bigint): Promise<JobByIdRow | null>;

+	abstract discardJob(jobId: bigint, createdAt: Date): Promise<void>;
+
 	abstract markRunning(jobId: bigint, lane: string): Promise<void>;

 	abstract markSucceeded(jobId: bigint, result: Record<string, unknown> | null): Promise<void>;
@@ -1,9 +1,24 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

-import {setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {
+	type CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting,
+	executeQuery,
+	fetchMany,
+	fetchOne,
+	setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting,
+} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {Db, type PreparedQuery} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
 import type {JobStatus} from '@app/api/database/types/JobLedgerTypes';
-import {JobLedgerRepository} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import {
+	EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR,
+	JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
+	JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS,
+	JobLedgerRepository,
+} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import {describeListJobsPaging} from '@app/api/jobs/ListJobsPagingSuite';
+import {JobsActive, JobsByDayBucket, JobsById} from '@app/api/Tables';
 import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
+import {createSnowflake} from '@fluxer/snowflake/src/Snowflake';
 import {afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';

 let executor: InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor;
@@ -22,6 +37,20 @@ async function createJob(repository: JobLedgerRepository, jobId: bigint, taskTyp
 	});
 }

+async function createJobAt(repository: JobLedgerRepository, jobId: bigint): Promise<Date> {
+	return repository.createJob({
+		jobId,
+		taskType: 'batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes',
+		payload: {},
+		requestedByUserId: null,
+		auditLogReason: null,
+		maxAttempts: 3,
+		runAt: null,
+		jetStreamLane: null,
+		jetStreamSeq: null,
+	});
+}
+
 async function listJobIdsByStatus(repository: JobLedgerRepository, status: JobStatus): Promise<Array<bigint>> {
 	const result = await repository.listJobs({limit: 50, cursor: null, filters: {status}, maxLookbackDays: 1});
 	return result.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id);
@@ -130,6 +159,197 @@ describe('JobLedgerRepository listJobs pagination', () => {
 			maxLookbackDays: 1,
 		});

-		expect(result.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id)).toEqual([1_000n, 1_001n, 1_002n, 1_003n, 1_004n]);
+		expect(result.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id)).toEqual([1_004n, 1_003n, 1_002n, 1_001n, 1_000n]);
+	});
+});
+
+describe('JobLedgerRepository listJobs on the in-memory executor', () => {
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		executor = new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		executor.reset();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(null);
+	});
+
+	describeListJobsPaging();
+});
+
+let staleSequence = 0;
+
+function jobIdAgedDays(days: number): bigint {
+	staleSequence += 1;
+	return createSnowflake({timestamp: Date.now() - days * 86_400_000, sequence: staleSequence % 4096, workerId: 1});
+}
+
+async function createAgedJob(repository: JobLedgerRepository, days: number): Promise<bigint> {
+	const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(days);
+	await createJob(repository, jobId, 'syncUrlBlocklists');
+	return jobId;
+}
+
+async function activeJobIds(repository: JobLedgerRepository): Promise<Array<bigint>> {
+	return (await repository.listActiveJobs()).map((job) => job.job_id).sort((a, b) => (a < b ? -1 : 1));
+}
+
+function sweep(repository: JobLedgerRepository, maxCleared = 100) {
+	return repository.expireStaleActiveJobs({
+		staleBeforeMs: Date.now() - JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS,
+		pageSize: 100,
+		maxCleared,
+	});
+}
+
+describe('JobLedgerRepository expireStaleActiveJobs', () => {
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		executor = new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		executor.reset();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(null);
+	});
+
+	it('dead-letters queued and running jobs the jobs stream has outlived and keeps younger ones active', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const staleQueued = await createAgedJob(repository, 9);
+		const staleRunning = await createAgedJob(repository, 9);
+		await repository.markRunning(staleRunning, 'batch');
+		const weekOld = await createAgedJob(repository, 7);
+		const fresh = await createAgedJob(repository, 0);
+
+		expect(await sweep(repository)).toEqual({cleared: 2, expired: 2, complete: true});
+
+		for (const jobId of [staleQueued, staleRunning]) {
+			const job = await repository.getJob(jobId);
+			expect(job?.status).toBe('deadletter');
+			expect(job?.error_message).toBe(EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR);
+			expect(job?.completed_at).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
+		}
+		expect(await activeJobIds(repository)).toEqual([weekOld, fresh].sort((a, b) => (a < b ? -1 : 1)));
+		expect((await repository.getJob(weekOld))?.status).toBe('queued');
+	});
+
+	it('drops a stale active row without touching a finished or missing job', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const finished = await createAgedJob(repository, 9);
+		await repository.markSucceeded(finished, null);
+		const orphan = jobIdAgedDays(9);
+		for (const jobId of [finished, orphan]) {
+			await executeQuery(
+				JobsActive.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: jobId}, {status: Db.set('running')}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS),
+			);
+		}
+
+		expect(await sweep(repository)).toEqual({cleared: 2, expired: 0, complete: true});
+
+		const job = await repository.getJob(finished);
+		expect(job?.status).toBe('succeeded');
+		expect(job?.error_message).toBeNull();
+		expect(await fetchOne(JobsById.select({where: JobsById.where.eq('job_id')}).bind({job_id: orphan}))).toBeNull();
+		expect(await fetchMany(JobsActive.select().bind({}))).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('stops at its per-run cap and picks up the rest on the next run', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		for (let index = 0; index < 3; index += 1) {
+			await createAgedJob(repository, 9);
+		}
+
+		expect(await sweep(repository, 2)).toEqual({cleared: 2, expired: 2, complete: false});
+		expect(await activeJobIds(repository)).toHaveLength(1);
+		expect(await sweep(repository, 2)).toEqual({cleared: 1, expired: 1, complete: true});
+		expect(await activeJobIds(repository)).toEqual([]);
+	});
+});
+
+describe('JobLedgerRepository getJob', () => {
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		executor = new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		executor.reset();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(null);
+	});
+
+	it('hides a job row that lost its status, creation time or task type', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		await createJob(repository, 9n, 'syncUrlBlocklists');
+		expect((await repository.getJob(9n))?.status).toBe('queued');
+		for (const column of ['status', 'created_at', 'task_type'] as const) {
+			await createJob(repository, 9n, 'syncUrlBlocklists');
+			await executeQuery(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: 9n}, {[column]: Db.clear()}));
+			expect(await repository.getJob(9n)).toBeNull();
+		}
+	});
+});
+
+describe('JobLedgerRepository discardJob', () => {
+	let inner: InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor;
+	let log: Array<string>;
+	let failDeleteOn: string | null;
+
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		inner = new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor();
+		log = [];
+		failDeleteOn = null;
+		const wrapper: CassandraQueryExecutorForTesting = {
+			async executeQuery<T>(query: PreparedQuery) {
+				const meta = query.kvMeta;
+				if (meta) log.push(`${meta.action} ${meta.table.name}`);
+				if (meta?.action === 'delete' && meta.table.name === failDeleteOn) {
+					throw new Error('write timeout');
+				}
+				return inner.executeQuery<T>(query);
+			},
+			executeBatch: (queries, atomic) => inner.executeBatch(queries, atomic),
+		};
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(wrapper);
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		inner.reset();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(null);
+	});
+
+	it('removes every ledger row of a duplicate with three deletes and no read', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const createdAt = await createJobAt(repository, 7n);
+		log.length = 0;
+
+		await repository.discardJob(7n, createdAt);
+
+		expect([...log].sort()).toEqual(['delete jobs_active', 'delete jobs_by_day_bucket', 'delete jobs_by_id']);
+		expect(await repository.getJob(7n)).toBeNull();
+		expect(await repository.listActiveJobs()).toEqual([]);
+		expect(
+			await fetchMany(
+				JobsByDayBucket.select({where: JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day')}).bind({
+					bucket_day: createdAt.toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+				}),
+			),
+		).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps deleting the other ledger rows when one delete fails', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const createdAt = await createJobAt(repository, 8n);
+		failDeleteOn = 'jobs_by_id';
+
+		await expect(repository.discardJob(8n, createdAt)).rejects.toThrow('write timeout');
+
+		expect(await repository.listActiveJobs()).toEqual([]);
+		expect(
+			await fetchMany(
+				JobsByDayBucket.select({where: JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day')}).bind({
+					bucket_day: createdAt.toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+				}),
+			),
+		).toEqual([]);
 	});
 });
@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

-import {BatchBuilder, deleteOneOrMany, fetchMany, fetchOne, upsertOne} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {
+	BatchBuilder,
+	deleteOneOrMany,
+	fetchMany,
+	fetchOne,
+	fetchPage,
+	type PagedQueryResult,
+	upsertOne,
+} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
 import {Db} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
 import type {JobActiveRow, JobByDayBucketRow, JobByIdRow, JobStatus} from '@app/api/database/types/JobLedgerTypes';
 import {
@@ -11,6 +19,17 @@ import {
 	type ListJobsResult,
 } from '@app/api/jobs/IJobLedgerRepository';
 import {JobsActive, JobsByDayBucket, JobsById} from '@app/api/Tables';
+import {awaitAll} from '@app/api/utils/ConcurrencyUtils';
+import {JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS} from '@app/api/worker/JetStreamWorkerQueue';
+import {snowflakeToDate} from '@fluxer/snowflake/src/Snowflake';
+import {ms, seconds} from 'itty-time';
+
+export const JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS = seconds('90 days');
+export const JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS = JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS + ms('1 day');
+export const EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR = 'Expired from the job queue';
+
+const JOB_LEDGER_RETENTION_DAYS = JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS / seconds('1 day');
+const NEWEST_FIRST = {col: 'created_at', direction: 'DESC'} as const;

 const FETCH_JOB_BY_ID_QUERY = JobsById.select({
 	where: JobsById.where.eq('job_id'),
@@ -19,13 +38,58 @@ const FETCH_CANCEL_REQUESTED_QUERY = JobsById.select({
 	where: JobsById.where.eq('job_id'),
 });
 const ACTIVE_JOBS_QUERY = JobsActive.select();
+const ACTIVE_JOB_IDS_QUERY = JobsActive.select({columns: ['job_id']});
+const JOBS_AFTER_IN_TIE_QUERY = JobsByDayBucket.select({
+	where: [
+		JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day'),
+		JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('created_at'),
+		JobsByDayBucket.where.lt('job_id'),
+	],
+	orderBy: NEWEST_FIRST,
+});
+
+type LedgerPosition = Pick<ListJobsCursor, 'createdAt' | 'jobId'>;

 function bucketDayFor(d: Date): string {
 	return d.toISOString().slice(0, 10);
 }

+function previousBucketDay(day: string): string {
+	const date = new Date(`${day}T00:00:00Z`);
+	date.setUTCDate(date.getUTCDate() - 1);
+	return bucketDayFor(date);
+}
+
+function dayJobsQuery(olderThanPosition: boolean, limit: number | null) {
+	return JobsByDayBucket.select({
+		where: olderThanPosition
+			? [JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day'), JobsByDayBucket.where.lt('created_at')]
+			: JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day'),
+		orderBy: NEWEST_FIRST,
+		...(limit === null ? {} : {limit}),
+	});
+}
+
+async function fetchDayAfter(
+	bucketDay: string,
+	after: LedgerPosition | null,
+	limit: number | null,
+): Promise<{rows: Array<JobByDayBucketRow>; exhausted: boolean}> {
+	if (after === null) {
+		const rows = await fetchMany<JobByDayBucketRow>(dayJobsQuery(false, limit).bind({bucket_day: bucketDay}));
+		return {rows, exhausted: limit === null || rows.length < limit};
+	}
+	const ties = await fetchMany<JobByDayBucketRow>(
+		JOBS_AFTER_IN_TIE_QUERY.bind({bucket_day: bucketDay, created_at: after.createdAt, job_id: after.jobId}),
+	);
+	const older = await fetchMany<JobByDayBucketRow>(
+		dayJobsQuery(true, limit).bind({bucket_day: bucketDay, created_at: after.createdAt}),
+	);
+	return {rows: [...ties, ...older], exhausted: limit === null || older.length < limit};
+}
+
 export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
-	async createJob(input: CreateJobInput): Promise<void> {
+	async createJob(input: CreateJobInput): Promise<Date> {
 		const now = new Date();
 		const status: JobStatus = 'queued';
 		const idRow: JobByIdRow = {
@@ -68,39 +132,62 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
 			started_at: null,
 		};
 		const batch = new BatchBuilder();
-		batch.addPrepared(JobsById.insert(idRow));
-		batch.addPrepared(JobsByDayBucket.insert(bucketRow));
-		batch.addPrepared(JobsActive.insert(activeRow));
+		batch.addPrepared(JobsById.insertWithTtl(idRow, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS));
+		batch.addPrepared(JobsByDayBucket.insertWithTtl(bucketRow, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS));
+		batch.addPrepared(JobsActive.insertWithTtl(activeRow, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS));
 		await batch.executeChunked(10, false);
+		return now;
 	}

 	async getJob(jobId: bigint): Promise<JobByIdRow | null> {
-		return fetchOne<JobByIdRow>(FETCH_JOB_BY_ID_QUERY.bind({job_id: jobId}));
+		const row = await fetchOne<JobByIdRow>(FETCH_JOB_BY_ID_QUERY.bind({job_id: jobId}));
+		return row?.created_at && row.task_type && row.status ? row : null;
+	}
+
+	async discardJob(jobId: bigint, createdAt: Date): Promise<void> {
+		await awaitAll(
+			[
+				deleteOneOrMany(
+					JobsByDayBucket.deleteByPk({bucket_day: bucketDayFor(createdAt), created_at: createdAt, job_id: jobId}),
+				),
+				deleteOneOrMany(JobsById.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId})),
+				deleteOneOrMany(JobsActive.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId})),
+			],
+			'Ledger discard left rows behind',
+		);
 	}

 	async markRunning(jobId: bigint, lane: string): Promise<void> {
 		const startedAt = new Date();
 		const status: JobStatus = 'running';
 		await upsertOne(
-			JobsById.patchByPk(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl(
 				{job_id: jobId},
 				{status: Db.set(status), started_at: Db.set(startedAt), jet_stream_lane: Db.set(lane)},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
+			),
+		);
+		await upsertOne(
+			JobsActive.patchByPkWithTtl(
+				{job_id: jobId},
+				{status: Db.set(status), started_at: Db.set(startedAt)},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
 			),
 		);
-		await upsertOne(JobsActive.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {status: Db.set(status), started_at: Db.set(startedAt)}));
 	}

 	async markSucceeded(jobId: bigint, result: Record<string, unknown> | null): Promise<void> {
 		const completedAt = new Date();
 		const status: JobStatus = 'succeeded';
 		await upsertOne(
-			JobsById.patchByPk(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl(
 				{job_id: jobId},
 				{
 					status: Db.set(status),
 					completed_at: Db.set(completedAt),
 					result: result === null ? Db.clear() : Db.set(JSON.stringify(result)),
 				},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
 			),
 		);
 		await deleteOneOrMany(JobsActive.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId}));
@@ -109,7 +196,13 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
 	async markCancelled(jobId: bigint): Promise<void> {
 		const completedAt = new Date();
 		const status: JobStatus = 'cancelled';
-		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {status: Db.set(status), completed_at: Db.set(completedAt)}));
+		await upsertOne(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl(
+				{job_id: jobId},
+				{status: Db.set(status), completed_at: Db.set(completedAt)},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
+			),
+		);
 		await deleteOneOrMany(JobsActive.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId}));
 	}

@@ -117,9 +210,10 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
 		const completedAt = new Date();
 		const status: JobStatus = 'deadletter';
 		await upsertOne(
-			JobsById.patchByPk(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl(
 				{job_id: jobId},
 				{status: Db.set(status), completed_at: Db.set(completedAt), error_message: Db.set(errorMessage)},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
 			),
 		);
 		await deleteOneOrMany(JobsActive.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId}));
@@ -127,27 +221,30 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {

 	async reportProgress(jobId: bigint, current: number, total: number | null, message: string | null): Promise<void> {
 		await upsertOne(
-			JobsById.patchByPk(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl(
 				{job_id: jobId},
 				{
 					progress_current: Db.set(BigInt(current)),
 					progress_total: total === null ? Db.clear() : Db.set(BigInt(total)),
 					progress_message: message === null ? Db.clear() : Db.set(message),
 				},
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
 			),
 		);
 	}

 	async setContextLink(jobId: bigint, link: string): Promise<void> {
-		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {context_link: Db.set(link)}));
+		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: jobId}, {context_link: Db.set(link)}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS));
 	}

 	async setJetStreamSeq(jobId: bigint, seq: string): Promise<void> {
-		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {jet_stream_seq: Db.set(seq)}));
+		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: jobId}, {jet_stream_seq: Db.set(seq)}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS));
 	}

 	async requestCancel(jobId: bigint): Promise<void> {
-		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {cancel_requested: Db.set(true)}));
+		await upsertOne(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: jobId}, {cancel_requested: Db.set(true)}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS),
+		);
 	}

 	async isCancelRequested(jobId: bigint): Promise<boolean> {
@@ -160,7 +257,9 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
 	async incrementAttempts(jobId: bigint): Promise<void> {
 		const row = await this.getJob(jobId);
 		if (!row) return;
-		await upsertOne(JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: jobId}, {attempts: Db.set(row.attempts + 1)}));
+		await upsertOne(
+			JobsById.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: jobId}, {attempts: Db.set(row.attempts + 1)}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS),
+		);
 	}

 	async listJobs(opts: {
@@ -169,59 +268,74 @@ export class JobLedgerRepository extends IJobLedgerRepository {
 		filters: ListJobsFilters;
 		maxLookbackDays: number;
 	}): Promise<ListJobsResult> {
-		const {limit, cursor, filters, maxLookbackDays} = opts;
-		const startBucket = cursor ? new Date(`${cursor.bucketDay}T00:00:00Z`) : new Date();
-		const hasFilters = Boolean(
-			filters.status ||
-				filters.taskType ||
-				(filters.requestedByUserId !== undefined && filters.requestedByUserId !== null),
-		);
-		const collected: Array<JobByIdRow> = [];
-		let nextCursor: ListJobsCursor | null = null;
-		for (let dayOffset = 0; dayOffset <= maxLookbackDays && collected.length < limit; dayOffset++) {
-			const bucketDate = new Date(startBucket);
-			bucketDate.setUTCDate(bucketDate.getUTCDate() - dayOffset);
-			const bucketDay = bucketDayFor(bucketDate);
-			const remaining = limit - collected.length + 1;
-			const bucketLimit = hasFilters ? {} : {limit: remaining};
-			const useCursor = dayOffset === 0 && cursor !== null;
-			let bucketRows: Array<JobByDayBucketRow>;
-			if (useCursor && cursor) {
-				const query = JobsByDayBucket.select({
-					where: [JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day'), JobsByDayBucket.where.lt('created_at')],
-					...bucketLimit,
-				});
-				bucketRows = await fetchMany<JobByDayBucketRow>(
-					query.bind({bucket_day: bucketDay, created_at: cursor.createdAt}),
-				);
-			} else {
-				const query = JobsByDayBucket.select({
-					where: JobsByDayBucket.where.eq('bucket_day'),
-					...bucketLimit,
-				});
-				bucketRows = await fetchMany<JobByDayBucketRow>(query.bind({bucket_day: bucketDay}));
+		const {limit, cursor, filters} = opts;
+		const now = Date.now();
+		const lookbackDays = Math.min(opts.maxLookbackDays, JOB_LEDGER_RETENTION_DAYS);
+		const oldestDay = bucketDayFor(new Date(now - lookbackDays * ms('1 day')));
+		const requestedBy = filters.requestedByUserId ?? null;
+		const wholeDays = Boolean(filters.status || filters.taskType || requestedBy !== null);
+		const jobs: Array<JobByIdRow> = [];
+		let lastRow: JobByDayBucketRow | null = null;
+		let day = bucketDayFor(new Date(Math.min(cursor ? cursor.createdAt.getTime() : now, now)));
+		let after: LedgerPosition | null = cursor;
+		while (jobs.length < limit && day >= oldestDay) {
+			const {rows, exhausted} = await fetchDayAfter(day, after, wholeDays ? null : limit - jobs.length);
+			for (const row of rows) {
+				after = {createdAt: row.created_at, jobId: row.job_id};
+				if (filters.taskType && row.task_type !== filters.taskType) continue;
+				if (requestedBy !== null && row.requested_by_user_id !== requestedBy) continue;
+				const job = await this.getJob(row.job_id);
+				if (!job || (filters.status && job.status !== filters.status)) continue;
+				jobs.push(job);
+				lastRow = row;
+				if (jobs.length === limit) break;
 			}
-			for (const r of bucketRows) {
-				if (filters.taskType && r.task_type !== filters.taskType) continue;
-				if (filters.requestedByUserId !== undefined && filters.requestedByUserId !== null) {
-					if (r.requested_by_user_id !== filters.requestedByUserId) continue;
-				}
-				const fullRow = await this.getJob(r.job_id);
-				if (!fullRow) continue;
-				if (filters.status && fullRow.status !== filters.status) continue;
-				if (collected.length >= limit) {
-					nextCursor = {bucketDay, createdAt: r.created_at, jobId: r.job_id};
-					break;
-				}
-				collected.push(fullRow);
+			if (exhausted) {
+				day = previousBucketDay(day);
+				after = null;
 			}
-			if (nextCursor) break;
 		}
-		if (nextCursor === null && collected.length >= limit) {
-			const last = collected[collected.length - 1];
-			nextCursor = {bucketDay: bucketDayFor(last.created_at), createdAt: last.created_at, jobId: last.job_id};
-		}
-		return {jobs: collected, nextCursor};
+		return {
+			jobs,
+			nextCursor:
+				lastRow && jobs.length === limit
+					? {bucketDay: lastRow.bucket_day, createdAt: lastRow.created_at, jobId: lastRow.job_id}
+					: null,
+		};
+	}
+
+	async expireStaleActiveJobs(opts: {
+		staleBeforeMs: number;
+		pageSize: number;
+		maxCleared: number;
+	}): Promise<{cleared: number; expired: number; complete: boolean}> {
+		let cleared = 0;
+		let expired = 0;
+		let pageState: string | null = null;
+		do {
+			const page: PagedQueryResult<Pick<JobActiveRow, 'job_id'>> = await fetchPage(
+				ACTIVE_JOB_IDS_QUERY.bind({}),
+				undefined,
+				{
+					pageSize: opts.pageSize,
+					pageState,
+				},
+			);
+			for (const {job_id: jobId} of page.rows) {
+				if (snowflakeToDate(jobId).getTime() >= opts.staleBeforeMs) continue;
+				if (cleared >= opts.maxCleared) return {cleared, expired, complete: false};
+				const job = await this.getJob(jobId);
+				if (job?.status === 'queued' || job?.status === 'running') {
+					await this.markDeadletter(jobId, EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR);
+					expired += 1;
+				} else {
+					await deleteOneOrMany(JobsActive.deleteByPk({job_id: jobId}));
+				}
+				cleared += 1;
+			}
+			pageState = page.pageState;
+		} while (pageState !== null);
+		return {cleared, expired, complete: true};
 	}

 	async listActiveJobs(): Promise<Array<JobByIdRow>> {
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {upsertOne} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import type {JobByIdRow, JobStatus} from '@app/api/database/types/JobLedgerTypes';
+import type {ListJobsCursor, ListJobsFilters} from '@app/api/jobs/IJobLedgerRepository';
+import {JobLedgerRepository} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import {JobsByDayBucket, JobsById} from '@app/api/Tables';
+import {afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const DAY_MS = 86_400_000;
+const HOUR_MS = 3_600_000;
+const TODAY_NOON = new Date(`${new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10)}T12:00:00.000Z`);
+const ADMIN_USER_ID = 4_242n;
+
+interface ListedPage {
+	ids: Array<bigint>;
+	cursor: ListJobsCursor | null;
+}
+
+function at(daysAgo: number, hour: number): Date {
+	return new Date(TODAY_NOON.getTime() - daysAgo * DAY_MS + (hour - 12) * HOUR_MS);
+}
+
+async function seedJob(
+	jobId: bigint,
+	createdAt: Date,
+	opts: {taskType?: string; requestedBy?: bigint | null; status?: JobStatus; bucketOnly?: boolean} = {},
+): Promise<void> {
+	const taskType = opts.taskType ?? 'A';
+	const requestedBy = opts.requestedBy ?? null;
+	await upsertOne(
+		JobsByDayBucket.insert({
+			bucket_day: createdAt.toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+			created_at: createdAt,
+			job_id: jobId,
+			task_type: taskType,
+			status: 'queued',
+			requested_by_user_id: requestedBy,
+		}),
+	);
+	if (opts.bucketOnly) return;
+	const row: JobByIdRow = {
+		job_id: jobId,
+		task_type: taskType,
+		status: opts.status ?? 'queued',
+		progress_current: null,
+		progress_total: null,
+		progress_message: null,
+		payload: '{}',
+		result: null,
+		error_message: null,
+		created_at: createdAt,
+		started_at: null,
+		completed_at: null,
+		requested_by_user_id: requestedBy,
+		audit_log_reason: null,
+		jet_stream_seq: null,
+		jet_stream_lane: 'batch',
+		attempts: 0,
+		max_attempts: 5,
+		run_at: null,
+		cancel_requested: false,
+		context_link: null,
+	};
+	await upsertOne(JobsById.insert(row));
+}
+
+async function listPages(opts: {
+	limit: number;
+	filters?: ListJobsFilters;
+	maxLookbackDays?: number;
+	cursor?: ListJobsCursor | null;
+}): Promise<Array<ListedPage>> {
+	const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+	const pages: Array<ListedPage> = [];
+	let cursor = opts.cursor ?? null;
+	for (let page = 0; page < 50; page += 1) {
+		const result = await repository.listJobs({
+			limit: opts.limit,
+			cursor,
+			filters: opts.filters ?? {},
+			maxLookbackDays: opts.maxLookbackDays ?? 14,
+		});
+		pages.push({ids: result.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id), cursor: result.nextCursor});
+		if (result.nextCursor === null) return pages;
+		cursor = {
+			bucketDay: result.nextCursor.bucketDay,
+			createdAt: new Date(result.nextCursor.createdAt.toISOString()),
+			jobId: BigInt(result.nextCursor.jobId.toString()),
+		};
+	}
+	throw new Error('listJobs never stopped paging');
+}
+
+function expectPages(pages: Array<ListedPage>, limit: number, expected: Array<Array<bigint>>): void {
+	expect(pages.map((page) => page.ids)).toEqual(expected);
+	const ids = pages.flatMap((page) => page.ids);
+	expect(new Set(ids).size).toBe(ids.length);
+	for (const page of pages.slice(0, -1)) {
+		expect(page.ids).toHaveLength(limit);
+		expect(page.cursor?.jobId).toBe(page.ids.at(-1));
+	}
+	expect(pages.at(-1)?.cursor).toBeNull();
+}
+
+export function describeListJobsPaging(): void {
+	describe('listJobs paging', () => {
+		beforeEach(() => {
+			vi.useFakeTimers({toFake: ['Date']});
+			vi.setSystemTime(TODAY_NOON);
+		});
+
+		afterEach(() => {
+			vi.useRealTimers();
+		});
+
+		it('walks one day newest first through a tie group larger than the page', async () => {
+			await seedJob(20n, at(0, 11));
+			for (const jobId of [11n, 12n, 13n, 14n, 15n]) {
+				await seedJob(jobId, at(0, 10));
+			}
+			await seedJob(9n, at(0, 9));
+			await seedJob(5n, at(0, 8));
+			await seedJob(6n, at(0, 8));
+
+			const pages = await listPages({limit: 2});
+
+			expectPages(pages, 2, [[20n, 15n], [14n, 13n], [12n, 11n], [9n, 6n], [5n]]);
+			expect(pages[0]?.cursor).toEqual({
+				bucketDay: at(0, 10).toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+				createdAt: at(0, 10),
+				jobId: 15n,
+			});
+		});
+
+		it('crosses days and keeps the lookback window anchored on today', async () => {
+			await seedJob(41n, at(0, 11));
+			await seedJob(40n, at(0, 10));
+			await seedJob(32n, at(1, 11));
+			await seedJob(31n, at(1, 10));
+			await seedJob(30n, at(1, 9));
+			await seedJob(21n, at(2, 11));
+			await seedJob(20n, at(2, 10));
+			await seedJob(10n, at(3, 11));
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 2, maxLookbackDays: 2}), 2, [[41n, 40n], [32n, 31n], [30n, 21n], [20n]]);
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 2, maxLookbackDays: 3}), 2, [
+				[41n, 40n],
+				[32n, 31n],
+				[30n, 21n],
+				[20n, 10n],
+				[],
+			]);
+			const outside = await new JobLedgerRepository().listJobs({
+				limit: 2,
+				cursor: {bucketDay: at(3, 12).toISOString().slice(0, 10), createdAt: at(3, 12), jobId: 1n},
+				filters: {},
+				maxLookbackDays: 2,
+			});
+			expect(outside).toEqual({jobs: [], nextCursor: null});
+		});
+
+		it('starts a cursor dated in the future at today', async () => {
+			await seedJob(2n, at(0, 2));
+			await seedJob(1n, at(1, 2));
+			const farFuture = new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00.000Z');
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 5, cursor: {bucketDay: '9999-12-31', createdAt: farFuture, jobId: 1n}}), 5, [
+				[2n, 1n],
+			]);
+		}, 2_000);
+
+		it('never lists a day past the 90-day retention', async () => {
+			await seedJob(890n, at(89, 11));
+			await seedJob(910n, at(91, 11));
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 10, maxLookbackDays: 120}), 10, [[890n]]);
+		});
+
+		it('fills a page past rows whose job record is missing instead of leaving the day', async () => {
+			for (let hour = 1; hour <= 8; hour += 1) {
+				await seedJob(BigInt(hour), at(0, hour), {bucketOnly: [3, 6, 7].includes(hour)});
+			}
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 3}), 3, [
+				[8n, 5n, 4n],
+				[2n, 1n],
+			]);
+		});
+
+		it('fills pages through task type, requester and status filters across days', async () => {
+			await seedJob(60n, at(0, 11));
+			await seedJob(59n, at(0, 10.5), {taskType: 'B'});
+			await seedJob(58n, at(0, 10));
+			await seedJob(57n, at(0, 9.5), {taskType: 'B', requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID});
+			await seedJob(56n, at(0, 9), {status: 'succeeded'});
+			await seedJob(55n, at(0, 8.5), {taskType: 'B'});
+			await seedJob(50n, at(1, 11));
+			await seedJob(49n, at(1, 10.5), {taskType: 'B', requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID});
+			await seedJob(48n, at(1, 10), {bucketOnly: true});
+			await seedJob(47n, at(1, 9.5));
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 2, filters: {taskType: 'A'}}), 2, [[60n, 58n], [56n, 50n], [47n]]);
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 1, filters: {status: 'succeeded'}}), 1, [[56n], []]);
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 5, filters: {requestedByUserId: ADMIN_USER_ID}}), 5, [[57n, 49n]]);
+		});
+
+		it('resumes after a cursor whose job was discarded between pages', async () => {
+			for (let hour = 1; hour <= 5; hour += 1) {
+				await seedJob(BigInt(hour), at(0, hour));
+			}
+			const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+			const first = await repository.listJobs({limit: 2, cursor: null, filters: {}, maxLookbackDays: 14});
+			expect(first.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id)).toEqual([5n, 4n]);
+
+			await repository.discardJob(4n, at(0, 4));
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 2, cursor: first.nextCursor}), 2, [[3n, 2n], [1n]]);
+		});
+
+		it('returns an empty page after a page that filled exactly', async () => {
+			await seedJob(1n, at(0, 1));
+			await seedJob(2n, at(0, 2));
+
+			expectPages(await listPages({limit: 2}), 2, [[2n, 1n], []]);
+		});
+	});
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,600 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {spawnSync} from 'node:child_process';
+import {createServer} from 'node:net';
+import {BatchBuilder, setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {Db} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
+import {ensurePostgresKvSchema, PostgresKvQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import type {JobActiveRow, JobByDayBucketRow, JobByIdRow, JobStatus} from '@app/api/database/types/JobLedgerTypes';
+import {
+	EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR,
+	JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
+	JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS,
+	JobLedgerRepository,
+} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import {describeListJobsPaging} from '@app/api/jobs/ListJobsPagingSuite';
+import {expireLegacyJobLedgerRows} from '@app/api/jobs/PostgresJobLedgerExpiry';
+import {JobsActive, JobsByDayBucket, JobsById} from '@app/api/Tables';
+import {startDockerContainer} from '@app/api/test/DockerTestContainer';
+import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
+import {createSnowflake} from '@fluxer/snowflake/src/Snowflake';
+import {
+	getDefaultPostgresClient,
+	type IPostgresClient,
+	initPostgres,
+	shutdownPostgres,
+} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+const KV_TABLE = 'kv_job_ledger_expiry';
+const CONTAINER = `fluxer-kvjobs-${process.pid.toString(36)}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+const dockerAvailable = spawnSync('docker', ['version'], {stdio: 'ignore'}).status === 0;
+const DAY_MS = 86_400_000;
+const ADMIN_USER_ID = 1_234_567_890_123n;
+
+async function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+	await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+async function freePort(): Promise<number> {
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const server = createServer();
+		server.on('error', reject);
+		server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+			const address = server.address();
+			if (typeof address === 'string' || address === null) {
+				reject(new Error('no port'));
+				return;
+			}
+			const port = address.port;
+			server.close(() => resolve(port));
+		});
+	});
+}
+
+let sequence = 0;
+
+function jobIdAgedDays(days: number): bigint {
+	sequence += 1;
+	return createSnowflake({timestamp: Date.now() - days * DAY_MS, sequence: sequence % 4096, workerId: 1});
+}
+
+interface LegacyJob {
+	jobId: bigint;
+	createdAt: Date;
+}
+
+async function seedLegacyJob(
+	executor: PostgresKvQueryExecutor,
+	opts: {ageDays: number; status: JobStatus; requestedBy: bigint | null; active: boolean},
+): Promise<LegacyJob> {
+	const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(opts.ageDays);
+	const createdAt = new Date(Date.now() - opts.ageDays * DAY_MS);
+	const idRow: JobByIdRow = {
+		job_id: jobId,
+		task_type: opts.requestedBy === null ? 'flushUserActivityBuffer' : 'refreshSearchIndex',
+		status: opts.status,
+		progress_current: null,
+		progress_total: null,
+		progress_message: null,
+		payload: '{}',
+		result: null,
+		error_message: null,
+		created_at: createdAt,
+		started_at: null,
+		completed_at: opts.status === 'succeeded' ? createdAt : null,
+		requested_by_user_id: opts.requestedBy,
+		audit_log_reason: null,
+		jet_stream_seq: '1',
+		jet_stream_lane: 'batch',
+		attempts: 0,
+		max_attempts: 5,
+		run_at: null,
+		cancel_requested: false,
+		context_link: null,
+	};
+	const bucketRow: JobByDayBucketRow = {
+		bucket_day: createdAt.toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+		created_at: createdAt,
+		job_id: jobId,
+		task_type: idRow.task_type,
+		status: 'queued',
+		requested_by_user_id: opts.requestedBy,
+	};
+	await executor.executeQuery(JobsById.insert(idRow));
+	await executor.executeQuery(JobsByDayBucket.insert(bucketRow));
+	if (opts.active) {
+		const activeRow: JobActiveRow = {
+			job_id: jobId,
+			task_type: idRow.task_type,
+			status: opts.status,
+			requested_by_user_id: opts.requestedBy,
+			created_at: createdAt,
+			started_at: null,
+		};
+		await executor.executeQuery(JobsActive.insert(activeRow));
+	}
+	return {jobId, createdAt};
+}
+
+describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('job ledger expiry against postgres', () => {
+	let raw: IPostgresClient;
+	let executor: PostgresKvQueryExecutor;
+
+	async function jobRows(
+		jobId: bigint,
+	): Promise<Array<{table_name: string; expires_at: Date | null; row_data: never}>> {
+		const result = await raw.query<{table_name: string; expires_at: Date | null; row_data: never}>(
+			`SELECT table_name, expires_at, row_data FROM ${KV_TABLE}
+WHERE table_name IN ('jobs_by_id', 'jobs_active', 'jobs_by_day_bucket')
+	AND (row_key = $1 OR split_part(row_key, chr(31), 3) = $1)
+ORDER BY table_name`,
+			[JSON.stringify({__fluxer_type: 'bigint', value: jobId.toString()})],
+		);
+		return result.rows;
+	}
+
+	async function waitForLockWait(): Promise<void> {
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 400; attempt += 1) {
+			const waiting = await raw.query<{n: number}>(
+				`SELECT count(*)::int AS n FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname = current_database() AND wait_event_type = 'Lock'`,
+			);
+			if (waiting.rows[0]!.n > 0) return;
+			await sleep(25);
+		}
+		throw new Error('the pass never waited on the writer');
+	}
+
+	async function forgetLedgerExpiry(): Promise<void> {
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET expires_at = NULL WHERE table_name IN ('jobs_by_id', 'jobs_by_day_bucket')`,
+		);
+	}
+
+	async function forgetExpiryOf(...jobIds: Array<bigint>): Promise<void> {
+		const keys = jobIds.map((jobId) => JSON.stringify({__fluxer_type: 'bigint', value: jobId.toString()}));
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET expires_at = NULL
+WHERE table_name IN ('jobs_by_id', 'jobs_by_day_bucket')
+	AND (row_key = ANY($1::text[]) OR split_part(row_key, chr(31), 3) = ANY($1::text[]))`,
+			[keys],
+		);
+	}
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		const port = await freePort();
+		startDockerContainer([
+			'run',
+			'-d',
+			'--name',
+			CONTAINER,
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_USER=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_DB=fluxer',
+			'-p',
+			`127.0.0.1:${port}:5432`,
+			'postgres:16-alpine',
+			'-c',
+			'fsync=off',
+		]);
+		let ready = false;
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 180 && !ready; attempt += 1) {
+			await sleep(500);
+			const probe = spawnSync('docker', ['exec', CONTAINER, 'pg_isready', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer'], {
+				stdio: 'ignore',
+			});
+			if (probe.status !== 0) continue;
+			try {
+				await initPostgres({
+					url: `postgres://fluxer:[email protected]:${port}/fluxer`,
+					maxConnections: 4,
+					kvTable: KV_TABLE,
+				});
+				await getDefaultPostgresClient().query('SELECT 1');
+				ready = true;
+			} catch {
+				await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+			}
+		}
+		if (!ready) throw new Error('postgres never came up');
+		raw = getDefaultPostgresClient();
+		await ensurePostgresKvSchema(raw);
+		executor = new PostgresKvQueryExecutor(raw);
+	}, 900_000);
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		await raw.query(`DELETE FROM ${KV_TABLE}`);
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+		await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+		spawnSync('docker', ['rm', '-f', CONTAINER], {stdio: 'ignore'});
+	});
+
+	it('writes every ledger row with an expiry and keeps it through the job lifecycle', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(0);
+		await repository.createJob({
+			jobId,
+			taskType: 'refreshSearchIndex',
+			payload: {},
+			requestedByUserId: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			auditLogReason: null,
+			maxAttempts: 5,
+			runAt: null,
+			jetStreamLane: 'batch',
+			jetStreamSeq: null,
+		});
+		await repository.setJetStreamSeq(jobId, '7');
+		await repository.markRunning(jobId, 'batch');
+		await repository.reportProgress(jobId, 1, 2, 'half');
+
+		const running = await jobRows(jobId);
+		expect(running.map((row) => row.table_name)).toEqual(['jobs_active', 'jobs_by_day_bucket', 'jobs_by_id']);
+		for (const row of running) {
+			expect(row.expires_at).not.toBeNull();
+			const remainingSeconds = (row.expires_at!.getTime() - Date.now()) / 1000;
+			expect(remainingSeconds).toBeGreaterThan(JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS - 60);
+			expect(remainingSeconds).toBeLessThanOrEqual(JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS);
+		}
+
+		await repository.markSucceeded(jobId, {ok: true});
+		const done = await jobRows(jobId);
+		expect(done.map((row) => row.table_name)).toEqual(['jobs_by_day_bucket', 'jobs_by_id']);
+		expect(done.every((row) => row.expires_at !== null)).toBe(true);
+		expect((await repository.getJob(jobId))?.status).toBe('succeeded');
+	});
+
+	it('never leaves a row without an expiry when a patch lands on a job that is gone', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const patches: Array<(jobId: bigint) => Promise<void>> = [
+			(jobId) => repository.markRunning(jobId, 'batch'),
+			(jobId) => repository.markSucceeded(jobId, null),
+			(jobId) => repository.markCancelled(jobId),
+			(jobId) => repository.markDeadletter(jobId, 'boom'),
+			(jobId) => repository.reportProgress(jobId, 1, null, null),
+			(jobId) => repository.setContextLink(jobId, '/admin/jobs'),
+			(jobId) => repository.setJetStreamSeq(jobId, '1'),
+			(jobId) => repository.requestCancel(jobId),
+		];
+		for (const patch of patches) {
+			const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(0);
+			await patch(jobId);
+			const rows = await jobRows(jobId);
+			expect(rows.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+			expect(rows.every((row) => row.expires_at !== null)).toBe(true);
+			expect(await repository.getJob(jobId)).toBeNull();
+		}
+		expect(await repository.listActiveJobs()).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('discards every row of a job that never reached the stream', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(0);
+		const createdAt = await repository.createJob({
+			jobId,
+			taskType: 'batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes',
+			payload: {guildId: '1'},
+			requestedByUserId: null,
+			auditLogReason: null,
+			maxAttempts: 3,
+			runAt: new Date(Date.now() + 30_000),
+			jetStreamLane: 'batch',
+			jetStreamSeq: null,
+		});
+		expect(await jobRows(jobId)).toHaveLength(3);
+
+		await repository.discardJob(jobId, createdAt);
+
+		expect(await jobRows(jobId)).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('clears legacy rows by the same rules the expiry now enforces', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const cronDone = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'succeeded',
+			requestedBy: null,
+			active: false,
+		});
+		const cronStuck = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {ageDays: 20, status: 'queued', requestedBy: null, active: true});
+		const partialId = jobIdAgedDays(20);
+		await executor.executeQuery(
+			JobsById.patchByPk({job_id: partialId}, {status: Db.set('succeeded'), completed_at: Db.set(new Date())}),
+		);
+		const adminDone = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'succeeded',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: false,
+		});
+		const adminStuck = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'queued',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: true,
+		});
+		const adminRunning = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'running',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: true,
+		});
+		const adminAncient = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 100,
+			status: 'succeeded',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: false,
+		});
+		const cronInFlight = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 2,
+			status: 'queued',
+			requestedBy: null,
+			active: true,
+		});
+		await forgetLedgerExpiry();
+		const fresh = jobIdAgedDays(0);
+		await repository.createJob({
+			jobId: fresh,
+			taskType: 'syncUrlBlocklists',
+			payload: {},
+			requestedByUserId: null,
+			auditLogReason: null,
+			maxAttempts: 5,
+			runAt: null,
+			jetStreamLane: 'batch',
+			jetStreamSeq: null,
+		});
+		const freshBefore = await jobRows(fresh);
+		await raw.query(
+			`INSERT INTO ${KV_TABLE} (table_name, partition_key, row_key, row_data) VALUES ('users', 'u1', 'u1', '{}'::jsonb)`,
+		);
+
+		expect(await repository.getJob(partialId)).toBeNull();
+
+		const first = await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000);
+		expect(first).toEqual({deleted: 10, expiring: 6, complete: true});
+
+		expect(await jobRows(cronDone.jobId)).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await jobRows(cronStuck.jobId)).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await jobRows(partialId)).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await jobRows(adminAncient.jobId)).toEqual([]);
+
+		for (const kept of [adminDone, adminStuck, adminRunning]) {
+			const rows = await jobRows(kept.jobId);
+			expect(rows.map((row) => row.table_name)).toEqual(['jobs_by_day_bucket', 'jobs_by_id']);
+			for (const row of rows) {
+				const expected = kept.createdAt.getTime() + JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS * 1000;
+				expect(Math.abs(row.expires_at!.getTime() - expected)).toBeLessThan(2000);
+			}
+		}
+		expect((await repository.getJob(adminDone.jobId))?.status).toBe('succeeded');
+		for (const stuck of [adminStuck, adminRunning]) {
+			const expired = await repository.getJob(stuck.jobId);
+			expect(expired?.status).toBe('deadletter');
+			expect(expired?.error_message).toBe('Expired from the job queue');
+			expect(expired?.completed_at).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
+		}
+
+		const inFlight = await jobRows(cronInFlight.jobId);
+		expect(inFlight.map((row) => row.table_name)).toEqual(['jobs_active', 'jobs_by_day_bucket', 'jobs_by_id']);
+		expect(inFlight.every((row) => row.expires_at === null)).toBe(true);
+		expect((await repository.getJob(cronInFlight.jobId))?.status).toBe('queued');
+
+		expect(await jobRows(fresh)).toEqual(freshBefore);
+		const users = await raw.query(`SELECT expires_at FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'users'`);
+		expect(users.rows).toEqual([{expires_at: null}]);
+
+		const listed = await repository.listJobs({limit: 50, cursor: null, filters: {}, maxLookbackDays: 30});
+		expect(listed.jobs.map((job) => job.job_id).sort()).toEqual(
+			[adminDone.jobId, adminStuck.jobId, adminRunning.jobId, cronInFlight.jobId, fresh].sort(),
+		);
+
+		for (let pass = 0; pass < 2; pass += 1) {
+			expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+				deleted: 0,
+				expiring: 0,
+				complete: true,
+			});
+		}
+	});
+
+	it('runs again a day after a clean pass and clears rows an older image wrote in between', async () => {
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		const rolledBack = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {ageDays: 30, status: 'queued', requestedBy: null, active: true});
+		await forgetLedgerExpiry();
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+
+		await raw.query(
+			`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET row_data = jsonb_build_object('applied_at', now() - interval '2 days') WHERE row_key = 'job_ledger_expiry_v1'`,
+		);
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 3,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await jobRows(rolledBack.jobId)).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('expires stale active jobs page by page without fighting the legacy pass', async () => {
+		const repository = new JobLedgerRepository();
+		const legacyFirst = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'queued',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: true,
+		});
+		await forgetExpiryOf(legacyFirst.jobId);
+		await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000);
+		const legacyFirstRows = await jobRows(legacyFirst.jobId);
+
+		const stale: Array<bigint> = [];
+		for (let index = 0; index < 4; index += 1) {
+			const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(9);
+			await repository.createJob({
+				jobId,
+				taskType: 'syncUrlBlocklists',
+				payload: {},
+				requestedByUserId: null,
+				auditLogReason: null,
+				maxAttempts: 5,
+				runAt: null,
+				jetStreamLane: 'batch',
+				jetStreamSeq: null,
+			});
+			stale.push(jobId);
+		}
+		await repository.markRunning(stale[0]!, 'batch');
+		const fresh = jobIdAgedDays(0);
+		await repository.createJob({
+			jobId: fresh,
+			taskType: 'syncUrlBlocklists',
+			payload: {},
+			requestedByUserId: null,
+			auditLogReason: null,
+			maxAttempts: 5,
+			runAt: null,
+			jetStreamLane: 'batch',
+			jetStreamSeq: null,
+		});
+		const legacyStale = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'running',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: true,
+		});
+		const legacyYoung = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {ageDays: 2, status: 'queued', requestedBy: null, active: true});
+		await forgetExpiryOf(legacyStale.jobId, legacyYoung.jobId);
+		const orphan = jobIdAgedDays(9);
+		await executor.executeQuery(
+			JobsActive.patchByPkWithTtl({job_id: orphan}, {status: Db.set('running')}, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS),
+		);
+
+		const sweep = () =>
+			repository.expireStaleActiveJobs({staleBeforeMs: Date.now() - JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS, pageSize: 2, maxCleared: 100});
+		expect(await sweep()).toEqual({cleared: 6, expired: 5, complete: true});
+
+		const active = (await repository.listActiveJobs()).map((job) => job.job_id).sort();
+		expect(active).toEqual([fresh, legacyYoung.jobId].sort());
+		for (const jobId of [...stale, legacyStale.jobId]) {
+			const job = await repository.getJob(jobId);
+			expect(job?.status).toBe('deadletter');
+			expect(job?.error_message).toBe(EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR);
+			const byId = (await jobRows(jobId)).find((row) => row.table_name === 'jobs_by_id');
+			expect(Math.abs(byId!.expires_at!.getTime() - (Date.now() + JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS * 1000))).toBeLessThan(60_000);
+		}
+		expect(await jobRows(orphan)).toEqual([]);
+		expect(await jobRows(legacyFirst.jobId)).toEqual(legacyFirstRows);
+
+		const legacyStaleById = (await jobRows(legacyStale.jobId)).find((row) => row.table_name === 'jobs_by_id');
+		await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000);
+		expect((await jobRows(legacyStale.jobId)).find((row) => row.table_name === 'jobs_by_id')).toEqual(legacyStaleById);
+		expect((await repository.listActiveJobs()).map((job) => job.job_id)).toContain(legacyYoung.jobId);
+		expect(await sweep()).toEqual({cleared: 0, expired: 0, complete: true});
+	});
+
+	it('leaves rows alone when a live writer gives them an expiry while the pass waits on them', async () => {
+		const cronDone = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'succeeded',
+			requestedBy: null,
+			active: false,
+		});
+		const adminDone = await seedLegacyJob(executor, {
+			ageDays: 20,
+			status: 'succeeded',
+			requestedBy: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			active: false,
+		});
+		await forgetLedgerExpiry();
+		const liveKeys = [cronDone.jobId, adminDone.jobId].map((jobId) =>
+			JSON.stringify({__fluxer_type: 'bigint', value: jobId.toString()}),
+		);
+		let written!: () => void;
+		const writerHoldsRows = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+			written = resolve;
+		});
+		let release!: () => void;
+		const released = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+			release = resolve;
+		});
+		const writer = raw.transaction(async (db) => {
+			await db.query(
+				`UPDATE ${KV_TABLE} SET expires_at = now() + interval '1 hour', updated_at = now() WHERE table_name = 'jobs_by_id' AND row_key = ANY($1::text[])`,
+				[liveKeys],
+			);
+			written();
+			await released;
+		});
+		await writerHoldsRows;
+		const pass = expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000);
+		await waitForLockWait();
+		release();
+		await writer;
+
+		expect(await pass).toEqual({deleted: 1, expiring: 1, complete: true});
+		for (const job of [cronDone, adminDone]) {
+			const byId = (await jobRows(job.jobId)).find((row) => row.table_name === 'jobs_by_id');
+			expect(byId).toBeDefined();
+			const remainingSeconds = (byId!.expires_at!.getTime() - Date.now()) / 1000;
+			expect(remainingSeconds).toBeGreaterThan(3000);
+			expect(remainingSeconds).toBeLessThanOrEqual(3660);
+		}
+		expect((await new JobLedgerRepository().getJob(adminDone.jobId))?.status).toBe('succeeded');
+	});
+
+	it('pages through more legacy rows than one page holds and stops at its deadline', async () => {
+		const batch = new BatchBuilder();
+		for (let index = 0; index < 2300; index += 1) {
+			const jobId = jobIdAgedDays(30);
+			const createdAt = new Date(Date.now() - 30 * DAY_MS);
+			batch.addPrepared(
+				JobsByDayBucket.insert({
+					bucket_day: createdAt.toISOString().slice(0, 10),
+					created_at: createdAt,
+					job_id: jobId,
+					task_type: 'flushUserActivityBuffer',
+					status: 'queued',
+					requested_by_user_id: null,
+				}),
+			);
+		}
+		await batch.executeChunked(500, false);
+		await forgetLedgerExpiry();
+
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() - 1)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: false,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 2300,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		const left = await raw.query(`SELECT count(*)::int AS n FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'jobs_by_day_bucket'`);
+		expect(left.rows[0]).toEqual({n: 0});
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toEqual({
+			deleted: 0,
+			expiring: 0,
+			complete: true,
+		});
+		expect(await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(raw, Date.now() + 60_000)).toBeNull();
+	});
+	describeListJobsPaging();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {postgresKvPassIsFresh, recordPostgresKvCleanPass} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import {EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR, JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS, JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import {FLUXER_EPOCH} from '@fluxer/constants/src/Core';
+import {TIMESTAMP_SHIFT} from '@fluxer/snowflake/src/Snowflake';
+import {type IPostgresClient, quoteIdentifier} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {ms} from 'itty-time';
+
+const LEGACY_JOB_LEDGER_MARKER = 'job_ledger_expiry_v1';
+const PAGE_SIZE = 2000;
+const CLEAN_PASS_INTERVAL_MS = ms('1 day');
+const BIGINT_KEY_PREFIX = '{"__fluxer_type":"bigint","value":"';
+const BIGINT_KEY_SUFFIX = '"}';
+
+function bigintKeyExpr(key: string): string {
+	const prefixLength = BIGINT_KEY_PREFIX.length;
+	const affixLength = prefixLength + BIGINT_KEY_SUFFIX.length;
+	return `(CASE WHEN left(${key}, ${prefixLength}) = '${BIGINT_KEY_PREFIX}' AND right(${key}, ${BIGINT_KEY_SUFFIX.length}) = '${BIGINT_KEY_SUFFIX}' THEN substr(${key}, ${prefixLength + 1}, length(${key}) - ${affixLength})::numeric END)`;
+}
+
+interface LedgerTable {
+	name: string;
+	jobIdExpr: string;
+	deleteStale: boolean;
+	markStaleDeadletter: boolean;
+}
+
+const LEDGER_TABLES: ReadonlyArray<LedgerTable> = [
+	{
+		name: 'jobs_active',
+		jobIdExpr: bigintKeyExpr('kv.row_key'),
+		deleteStale: true,
+		markStaleDeadletter: false,
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'jobs_by_id',
+		jobIdExpr: bigintKeyExpr('kv.row_key'),
+		deleteStale: false,
+		markStaleDeadletter: true,
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'jobs_by_day_bucket',
+		jobIdExpr: bigintKeyExpr('split_part(kv.row_key, chr(31), 3)'),
+		deleteStale: false,
+		markStaleDeadletter: false,
+	},
+];
+
+export interface LegacyJobLedgerExpiryResult {
+	deleted: number;
+	expiring: number;
+	complete: boolean;
+}
+
+function pageSql(table: string, target: LedgerTable): string {
+	const staleRemovable = target.deleteStale ? 'c.created_at < $7' : '(c.created_at < $7 AND c.system_job)';
+	const removable = `c.job_id IS NULL OR c.created_at < $6 OR ${staleRemovable}`;
+	const rowData = target.markStaleDeadletter
+		? `CASE WHEN c.unfinished THEN kv.row_data || jsonb_build_object('status', 'deadletter', 'error_message', $9::text, 'completed_at', jsonb_build_object('__fluxer_type', 'date', 'value', $10::text)) ELSE kv.row_data END`
+		: 'kv.row_data';
+	return `
+WITH page AS (
+	SELECT kv.row_key, kv.row_data, ${target.jobIdExpr} AS job_id
+	FROM ${table} kv
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.expires_at IS NULL AND kv.row_key > $2
+	ORDER BY kv.row_key
+	LIMIT $3
+), classified AS (
+	SELECT
+		page.row_key,
+		page.job_id,
+		to_timestamp(((div(page.job_id, $4::numeric) + $5::numeric) / 1000)::double precision) AS created_at,
+		COALESCE(page.row_data -> 'requested_by_user_id', 'null'::jsonb) = 'null'::jsonb AS system_job,
+		COALESCE(page.row_data ->> 'status' IN ('queued', 'running'), false) AS unfinished
+	FROM page
+), removed AS (
+	DELETE FROM ${table} kv
+	USING classified c
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.row_key = c.row_key AND kv.expires_at IS NULL AND (${removable})
+	RETURNING kv.row_key
+), expiring AS (
+	UPDATE ${table} kv
+	SET expires_at = c.created_at + make_interval(secs => $8::double precision), updated_at = now(), row_data = ${rowData}
+	FROM classified c
+	WHERE kv.table_name = $1 AND kv.row_key = c.row_key AND kv.expires_at IS NULL AND c.created_at < $7 AND NOT (${removable})
+	RETURNING kv.row_key
+)
+SELECT
+	(SELECT max(row_key) FROM page) AS last_row_key,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM page) AS scanned,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM removed) AS deleted,
+	(SELECT count(*) FROM expiring) AS expiring`;
+}
+
+export async function expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(
+	client: IPostgresClient,
+	deadlineMs: number,
+): Promise<LegacyJobLedgerExpiryResult | null> {
+	const table = quoteIdentifier(client.kvTable());
+	if (await postgresKvPassIsFresh(client, LEGACY_JOB_LEDGER_MARKER, CLEAN_PASS_INTERVAL_MS)) {
+		return null;
+	}
+	const now = Date.now();
+	const retentionCutoff = new Date(now - JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS * 1000);
+	const staleCutoff = new Date(now - JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS);
+	const completedAt = new Date(now).toISOString();
+	let scanned = 0;
+	let deleted = 0;
+	let expiring = 0;
+	for (const target of LEDGER_TABLES) {
+		const sql = pageSql(table, target);
+		const deadletterValues = target.markStaleDeadletter ? [EXPIRED_JOB_ERROR, completedAt] : [];
+		let cursor = '';
+		for (;;) {
+			if (Date.now() >= deadlineMs) {
+				return {deleted, expiring, complete: false};
+			}
+			const result = await client.query<{
+				last_row_key: string | null;
+				scanned: string;
+				deleted: string;
+				expiring: string;
+			}>(sql, [
+				target.name,
+				cursor,
+				PAGE_SIZE,
+				(1n << TIMESTAMP_SHIFT).toString(),
+				FLUXER_EPOCH.toString(),
+				retentionCutoff,
+				staleCutoff,
+				JOB_LEDGER_TTL_SECONDS,
+				...deadletterValues,
+			]);
+			const page = result.rows[0];
+			if (!page || page.last_row_key === null) {
+				break;
+			}
+			scanned += Number(page.scanned);
+			deleted += Number(page.deleted);
+			expiring += Number(page.expiring);
+			cursor = page.last_row_key;
+		}
+	}
+	if (scanned === 0) {
+		await recordPostgresKvCleanPass(client, LEGACY_JOB_LEDGER_MARKER);
+	}
+	return {deleted, expiring, complete: true};
+}
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

 import {AdminRepository} from '@app/api/admin/AdminRepository';
-import {BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, isBlocklistFeedFileSha} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
 import {Logger} from '@app/api/Logger';
 import {RefreshSubscription} from '@app/api/utils/RefreshSubscription';
 import type {IKVProvider} from '@pkgs/kv_client/src/IKVProvider';
@@ -38,8 +39,11 @@ class FileShaCache {
 	async refresh(): Promise<void> {
 		const rows = await this.adminRepository.loadAllBannedFileShas();
 		const next = new Set<string>();
+		const includeFeedRows = Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled;
 		for (const row of rows) {
-			if (row.sha256_hex) next.add(row.sha256_hex.toLowerCase());
+			if (!row.sha256_hex) continue;
+			if (!includeFeedRows && isBlocklistFeedFileSha(row)) continue;
+			next.add(row.sha256_hex.toLowerCase());
 		}
 		this.banned = next;
 		this.consecutiveFailures = 0;
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ import {createUsersServiceClient} from '@app/api/infrastructure/UsersServiceClie
 import {VirusScanService} from '@app/api/infrastructure/VirusScanService';
 import {GatewayRolloutConfigPublisher} from '@app/api/instance/GatewayRolloutConfigPublisher';
 import {InstanceConfigRepository} from '@app/api/instance/InstanceConfigRepository';
+import {PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher} from '@app/api/instance/PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher';
 import {InviteRepository} from '@app/api/invite/InviteRepository';
 import {Logger} from '@app/api/Logger';
 import {LimitConfigService} from '@app/api/limits/LimitConfigService';
@@ -155,6 +156,18 @@ export const getGatewayRolloutConfigPublisher = singleton(
 			}),
 		),
 );
+
+export const getPushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher = singleton(
+	() =>
+		new PushServiceDeliveryConfigPublisher(
+			new NatsConnectionManager({
+				url: Config.nats.coreUrl,
+				token: Config.nats.authToken || undefined,
+				name: 'fluxer-api-push-service-delivery-config',
+			}),
+		),
+);
+
 export const getVisionarySlotRepository = singleton(() => new VisionarySlotRepository());
 export const getCacheService: () => ICacheService = singleton(() => new KVCacheProvider({client: getKVClient()}));
 export const getRateLimitService = singleton(() => new RateLimitService(getKVClient()));
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

 import {AdminRepository} from '@app/api/admin/AdminRepository';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
 import {BANNED_URL_DOMAINS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
 import type {IStorageService} from '@app/api/infrastructure/IStorageService';
 import {Logger} from '@app/api/Logger';
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ class UrlBlocklistCache {
 	}

 	private async loadFeedUrls(): Promise<Set<string>> {
-		if (!this.storageService) return new Set();
+		if (!this.storageService || !Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) return new Set();
 		const lines = await readLinesFromS3(this.storageService, RISK_S3_KEYS.feedUrls);
 		return new Set(lines);
 	}
@@ -17030,7 +17030,7 @@
 						"content": {"application/json": {"schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Error"}}}
 					}
 				},
-				"description": "Registers a mobile push device token for APNs, Firebase Cloud Messaging, or UnifiedPush. UnifiedPush registrations include the endpoint URL plus Web Push encryption keys.",
+				"description": "Registers a mobile push device for APNs, Firebase Cloud Messaging, or UnifiedPush. A Web Push registration sends the endpoint URL with encryption_key and auth_secret. A raw registration sends the platform push token with no keys.",
 				"security": [{"sessionToken": []}],
 				"requestBody": {
 					"required": true,
@@ -22744,7 +22744,10 @@
 						"enum": ["android_fcm", "ios_apns", "android_unified_push"],
 						"type": "string"
 					},
-					"token": {"description": "The platform-specific push notification token to unregister", "type": "string"},
+					"token": {
+						"description": "The Web Push endpoint URL or raw platform push token used at registration",
+						"type": "string"
+					},
 					"app_id": {
 						"description": "Client app channel or bundle mapping identifier, such as stable, beta, or canary",
 						"type": "string"
@@ -22808,7 +22811,10 @@
 						"enum": ["android_fcm", "ios_apns", "android_unified_push"],
 						"type": "string"
 					},
-					"token": {"description": "The platform-specific push notification token or endpoint URL", "type": "string"},
+					"token": {
+						"description": "The Web Push endpoint URL when encryption keys are supplied, otherwise the raw platform push token",
+						"type": "string"
+					},
 					"user_agent": {"description": "The user agent string identifying the device", "type": "string"},
 					"app_id": {
 						"description": "Client app channel or bundle mapping identifier, such as stable, beta, or canary",
@@ -22825,11 +22831,11 @@
 						"type": "string"
 					},
 					"encryption_key": {
-						"description": "The P-256 ECDH public key for UnifiedPush encryption (base64url)",
+						"description": "The P-256 ECDH public key for Web Push encryption (base64url)",
 						"type": "string"
 					},
 					"auth_secret": {
-						"description": "The authentication secret for UnifiedPush encryption (base64url)",
+						"description": "The authentication secret for Web Push encryption (base64url)",
 						"type": "string"
 					}
 				},
@@ -47,3 +47,7 @@ export async function readLinesFromS3(storage: IStorageService, key: string): Pr
 		return [];
 	}
 }
+
+export async function deleteRiskS3Object(storage: IStorageService, key: string): Promise<void> {
+	await storage.deleteObject(RISK_S3_BUCKET, key);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import type {IpInfoRequestAuditEvent} from '@pkgs/geoip/src/IpInfoService';
+import {
+	createPostgresIpInfoCache,
+	createPostgresIpInfoRequestAuditLogger,
+	IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS,
+	IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS,
+} from '@pkgs/geoip/src/PostgresIpInfoKv';
+import type {IPostgresClient} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import {describe, expect, it} from 'vitest';
+
+function recordingClient(writes: Array<Array<unknown>>): IPostgresClient {
+	return {
+		async query(_text: string, values?: Array<unknown>) {
+			writes.push(values ?? []);
+			return {rows: [], rowCount: 1};
+		},
+		kvTable() {
+			return 'kv';
+		},
+	} as never;
+}
+
+function expectExpiresIn(values: Array<unknown> | undefined, ttlSeconds: number): void {
+	const expiresAt = values?.[4];
+	expect(expiresAt).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
+	const remainingSeconds = ((expiresAt as Date).getTime() - Date.now()) / 1000;
+	expect(remainingSeconds).toBeGreaterThan(ttlSeconds - 10);
+	expect(remainingSeconds).toBeLessThanOrEqual(ttlSeconds);
+}
+
+const EVENT: IpInfoRequestAuditEvent = {
+	requestedAt: new Date('2026-09-21T12:00:00.000Z'),
+	ip: '192.0.2.1',
+	cacheKey: 'ip:192.0.2.1',
+	source: 'test',
+	reason: null,
+	outcome: 'http_success',
+	httpStatus: 200,
+	available: true,
+	riskNote: 'none',
+	latencyMs: 12,
+	requestUrl: 'https://ipinfo.test/192.0.2.1',
+	responseIp: '192.0.2.1',
+	countryCode: 'SE',
+	asnNumber: 64500,
+	isAnonymous: false,
+	isTor: false,
+	isVpn: false,
+	isProxy: false,
+	isResidentialProxy: false,
+};
+
+describe('Postgres ipinfo KV expiry', () => {
+	it('expires request audit rows after 90 days', async () => {
+		const writes: Array<Array<unknown>> = [];
+		await createPostgresIpInfoRequestAuditLogger({client: recordingClient(writes)}).record(EVENT);
+		expect(writes).toHaveLength(1);
+		expect(writes[0]?.[0]).toBe('ipinfo_requests_by_hour');
+		expectExpiresIn(writes[0], IPINFO_REQUEST_AUDIT_TTL_SECONDS);
+	});
+
+	it('falls back to the 14-day cache default', async () => {
+		const writes: Array<Array<unknown>> = [];
+		const cache = createPostgresIpInfoCache({client: recordingClient(writes)});
+		await cache.set('fallback', {ok: true});
+		await cache.set('zero', {ok: true}, 0);
+		await cache.set('short', {ok: true}, 60);
+		expect(writes.map((values) => values[0])).toEqual(['ipinfo_cache', 'ipinfo_cache', 'ipinfo_cache']);
+		expectExpiresIn(writes[0], IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS);
+		expectExpiresIn(writes[1], IPINFO_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS);
+		expectExpiresIn(writes[2], 60);
+	});
+});
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ import {RateLimitError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/core/RateLimitError';
 import {UnauthorizedError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/core/UnauthorizedError';
 import {UnknownGuildError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/guild/UnknownGuildError';
 import {UnknownUserError} from '@fluxer/errors/src/domains/user/UnknownUserError';
+import {pushServiceDeliveryEnrols} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/admin/PushServiceDeliverySchemas';
 import type {ChannelResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/channel/ChannelSchemas';
 import type {VoiceStateResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/gateway/GatewaySchemas';
 import type {GuildMemberResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/guild/GuildMemberSchemas';
@@ -430,6 +431,13 @@ export class RpcService {
 					}),
 				};
 			case 'send_apns_push': {
+				const deliveryConfig = await this.instanceConfigRepository.getPushServiceDeliveryConfig();
+				if (pushServiceDeliveryEnrols(deliveryConfig, request.user_id.toString())) {
+					Logger.warn(
+						{userId: request.user_id.toString(), configVersion: deliveryConfig.config_version},
+						'push service delivery path mismatch',
+					);
+				}
 				const result = await sendApnsPush({
 					userId: request.user_id.toString(),
 					subscriptionId: request.subscription_id,
@@ -635,6 +643,13 @@ export class RpcService {
 					data: {config: rolloutConfig},
 				};
 			}
+			case 'get_push_service_delivery_config': {
+				const config = await this.instanceConfigRepository.getPushServiceDeliveryConfig();
+				return {
+					type: 'get_push_service_delivery_config',
+					data: {config},
+				};
+			}
 			default: {
 				const exhaustiveCheck: never = request;
 				throw new Error(
@@ -864,7 +879,7 @@ export class RpcService {
 				if (!queueAllowed) {
 					return;
 				}
-				await this.workerService.addJob('reconcileUserPayments', {userId: userIdString});
+				await this.workerService.addJob('reconcileUserPayments', {userId: userIdString}, {skipLedger: true});
 			})
 			.catch((error) => {
 				Logger.warn(
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {createTestUserWithPremium} from '@app/api/stripe/tests/StripeWebhookTestUtils';
+import {type ApiTestHarness, createApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import {NoopWorkerService} from '@app/api/test/NoopWorkerService';
+import {HTTP_STATUS} from '@app/api/test/TestConstants';
+import {createBuilder} from '@app/api/test/TestRequestBuilder';
+import {UserPremiumTypes} from '@fluxer/constants/src/UserConstants';
+import {afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+describe('RpcService session payment reconciliation', () => {
+	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		harness = await createApiTestHarness();
+	});
+	afterEach(async () => {
+		await harness?.shutdown();
+	});
+	test('queues payment reconciliation without a job record', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestUserWithPremium(harness, UserPremiumTypes.SUBSCRIPTION, {
+			stripeCustomerId: 'cus_rpc_session_reconcile',
+		});
+		const addJob = vi.spyOn(NoopWorkerService.prototype, 'addJob');
+		try {
+			await createBuilder(harness, '')
+				.post('/test/rpc-session-init')
+				.body({type: 'session', token: account.token, version: 1, ip: '127.0.0.1'})
+				.expect(HTTP_STATUS.OK)
+				.execute();
+			await vi.waitFor(() =>
+				expect(addJob).toHaveBeenCalledWith('reconcileUserPayments', {userId: account.userId}, {skipLedger: true}),
+			);
+		} finally {
+			addJob.mockRestore();
+		}
+	});
+});
@@ -352,7 +352,16 @@ export class InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor implements CassandraQueryExecutorFor
 		let rows = [...this.table(meta).values()].filter((row) => matchesWhere(row, meta.where, params));
 		if (meta.orderBy) {
 			const direction = meta.orderBy.direction === 'DESC' ? -1 : 1;
-			rows = rows.sort((a, b) => compareValues(a[meta.orderBy!.col], b[meta.orderBy!.col]) * direction);
+			const column = meta.orderBy.col as string;
+			const primaryKey = meta.table.primaryKey as ReadonlyArray<string>;
+			const columns = [column, ...primaryKey.slice(primaryKey.indexOf(column) + 1)];
+			rows = rows.sort((a, b) => {
+				for (const c of columns) {
+					const cmp = compareValues(a[c], b[c]);
+					if (cmp !== 0) return cmp * direction;
+				}
+				return 0;
+			});
 		}
 		if (typeof meta.limit === 'number') {
 			rows = rows.slice(0, meta.limit);
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ export function UserAccountController(app: HonoApp) {
 			security: ['bearerToken', 'sessionToken'],
 			tags: ['Users'],
 			description:
-				'Registers a mobile push device token for APNs, Firebase Cloud Messaging, or UnifiedPush. UnifiedPush registrations include the endpoint URL plus Web Push encryption keys.',
+				'Registers a mobile push device for APNs, Firebase Cloud Messaging, or UnifiedPush. A Web Push registration sends the endpoint URL with encryption_key and auth_secret. A raw registration sends the platform push token with no keys.',
 		}),
 		async (ctx) => {
 			const authSession = ctx.get('authSession');
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import type {UserID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
 import {Db, type DbOp} from '@app/api/database/CassandraTypes';
 import type {UserRow} from '@app/api/database/types/UserTypes';
+import {Logger} from '@app/api/Logger';
 import {User} from '@app/api/models/User';
 import {
 	UserDataRepository,
@@ -96,7 +97,12 @@ export class UserAccountRepository {
 			return updatedUser;
 		} catch (error) {
 			if (!dataCommitted && emailClaim) {
-				await this.emailOwnershipRepo.abortEmailClaim(emailClaim);
+				await this.emailOwnershipRepo.abortEmailClaim(emailClaim).catch((abortError: unknown) => {
+					Logger.warn(
+						{userId: userId.toString(), abortError},
+						'Failed to abort the email claim of a user write that did not commit',
+					);
+				});
 			}
 			throw error;
 		}
@@ -104,6 +104,27 @@ function assertPublicPushEndpoint(endpoint: string, fieldName: string): void {
 	}
 }

+function isPushEndpointUrl(token: string): boolean {
+	const normalized = token.trim().toLowerCase();
+	return normalized.startsWith('https://') || normalized.startsWith('http://');
+}
+
+function resolveMobileWebPushKeys(device: RegisterMobileDeviceRequest): {p256dh: string; auth: string} | null {
+	const p256dh = device.encryption_key;
+	const auth = device.auth_secret;
+	if (p256dh && auth) return {p256dh, auth};
+	if (p256dh || auth) {
+		throw InputValidationError.create(
+			p256dh ? 'auth_secret' : 'encryption_key',
+			'Web Push registrations require encryption_key and auth_secret',
+		);
+	}
+	if (isPushEndpointUrl(device.token)) {
+		throw InputValidationError.create('token', 'Endpoint URL registrations require encryption_key and auth_secret');
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+
 function normalizeMobileAppId(appId: string | undefined): string {
 	const normalized = appId?.trim();
 	return normalized && normalized.length > 0 ? normalized : DEFAULT_MOBILE_APP_ID;
@@ -400,7 +421,8 @@ export class UserContentService {

 	async registerMobileDevice(params: RegisterMobileDeviceParams): Promise<PushSubscription> {
 		const {userId, authSessionIdHash, device} = params;
-		if (device.platform === 'android_unified_push') {
+		const webPushKeys = resolveMobileWebPushKeys(device);
+		if (webPushKeys) {
 			assertPublicPushEndpoint(device.token, 'token');
 		}
 		const appId = normalizeMobileAppId(device.app_id);
@@ -411,8 +433,8 @@ export class UserContentService {
 			subscription_id: subscriptionId,
 			auth_session_id_hash: authSessionIdHash ?? null,
 			endpoint: device.token,
-			p256dh_key: device.platform === 'android_unified_push' ? (device.encryption_key ?? null) : null,
-			auth_key: device.platform === 'android_unified_push' ? (device.auth_secret ?? null) : null,
+			p256dh_key: webPushKeys?.p256dh ?? null,
+			auth_key: webPushKeys?.auth ?? null,
 			user_agent: device.user_agent ?? null,
 			platform: device.platform,
 			app_id: appId,
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ describe('HarvestDownloadToken', () => {

 	test('rejects a tampered signature', () => {
 		const token = signHarvestDownloadToken(payload(), SECRET);
-		expect(verifyHarvestDownloadToken(`${token.slice(0, -2)}xy`, SECRET)).toBeNull();
+		const [encoded, signature] = token.split('.');
+		const tampered = Buffer.from(signature as string, 'base64url');
+		tampered[0] = (tampered[0] as number) ^ 0x01;
+		expect(verifyHarvestDownloadToken(`${encoded}.${tampered.toString('base64url')}`, SECRET)).toBeNull();
 	});

 	test('rejects malformed input', () => {
@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ import {
 	loginAccount,
 	logoutSpecificSessions,
 } from '@app/api/auth/tests/AuthTestUtils';
+import {createUserID} from '@app/api/BrandedTypes';
+import type {PushSubscription} from '@app/api/models/PushSubscription';
 import {type ApiTestHarness, createApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
 import {HTTP_STATUS} from '@app/api/test/TestConstants';
 import {createBuilder} from '@app/api/test/TestRequestBuilder';
+import {PushSubscriptionRepository} from '@app/api/user/repositories/PushSubscriptionRepository';
 import {
 	deleteMobileDevice,
 	deletePushSubscription,
@@ -21,6 +24,15 @@ import {
 import type {AuthSessionResponse} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/auth/AuthSchemas';
 import {beforeEach, describe, expect, test} from 'vitest';

+async function findStoredSubscription(userId: string, subscriptionId: string): Promise<PushSubscription> {
+	const subscriptions = await new PushSubscriptionRepository().listPushSubscriptions(createUserID(BigInt(userId)));
+	const subscription = subscriptions.find((entry) => entry.subscriptionId === subscriptionId);
+	if (!subscription) {
+		throw new Error(`Stored push subscription ${subscriptionId} not found`);
+	}
+	return subscription;
+}
+
 describe('Push Subscription Lifecycle', () => {
 	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
 	beforeEach(async () => {
@@ -144,6 +156,155 @@ describe('Push Subscription Lifecycle', () => {
 		expect(mobileDevices.devices[0].device_id).toBe(registered.device_id);
 		expect(mobileDevices.devices[0].platform).toBe('android_unified_push');
 	});
+	test('APNs Web Push registration stores the endpoint and encryption keys', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const endpoint = 'https://relay.example.com/apns/device-1';
+		const registered = await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'ios_apns',
+			token: endpoint,
+			encryption_key: 'relay-p256dh-key',
+			auth_secret: 'relay-auth-secret',
+			app_id: 'stable',
+		});
+		const subscription = await findStoredSubscription(account.userId, registered.device_id);
+		expect(subscription.platform).toBe('ios_apns');
+		expect(subscription.endpoint).toBe(endpoint);
+		expect(subscription.p256dhKey).toBe('relay-p256dh-key');
+		expect(subscription.authKey).toBe('relay-auth-secret');
+	});
+	test('FCM Web Push registration stores the endpoint and encryption keys', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const endpoint = 'https://relay.example.com/fcm/device-1';
+		const registered = await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'android_fcm',
+			token: endpoint,
+			encryption_key: 'fcm-relay-p256dh-key',
+			auth_secret: 'fcm-relay-auth-secret',
+		});
+		const subscription = await findStoredSubscription(account.userId, registered.device_id);
+		expect(subscription.platform).toBe('android_fcm');
+		expect(subscription.endpoint).toBe(endpoint);
+		expect(subscription.p256dhKey).toBe('fcm-relay-p256dh-key');
+		expect(subscription.authKey).toBe('fcm-relay-auth-secret');
+	});
+	test('raw token registration stores the token without encryption keys', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const registered = await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'ios_apns',
+			token: '0123456789abcdef',
+			provider_environment: 'production',
+		});
+		const subscription = await findStoredSubscription(account.userId, registered.device_id);
+		expect(subscription.platform).toBe('ios_apns');
+		expect(subscription.endpoint).toBe('0123456789abcdef');
+		expect(subscription.p256dhKey).toBeNull();
+		expect(subscription.authKey).toBeNull();
+	});
+	test('Web Push and raw token registrations coexist for one platform', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const rawDevice = await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'android_fcm',
+			token: 'fcm-legacy-token',
+		});
+		const webPushDevice = await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'android_fcm',
+			token: 'https://relay.example.com/fcm/device-2',
+			encryption_key: 'coexist-p256dh-key',
+			auth_secret: 'coexist-auth-secret',
+		});
+		expect(rawDevice.device_id).not.toBe(webPushDevice.device_id);
+		const rawSubscription = await findStoredSubscription(account.userId, rawDevice.device_id);
+		const webPushSubscription = await findStoredSubscription(account.userId, webPushDevice.device_id);
+		expect(rawSubscription.p256dhKey).toBeNull();
+		expect(rawSubscription.authKey).toBeNull();
+		expect(webPushSubscription.p256dhKey).toBe('coexist-p256dh-key');
+		expect(webPushSubscription.authKey).toBe('coexist-auth-secret');
+		const mobileDevices = await listMobileDevices(harness, account.token);
+		expect(mobileDevices.devices).toHaveLength(2);
+	});
+	test('endpoint registration without encryption keys is rejected', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		await createBuilder(harness, account.token)
+			.post('/users/@me/mobile-devices')
+			.body({
+				platform: 'ios_apns',
+				token: 'https://relay.example.com/apns/no-keys',
+			})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST)
+			.execute();
+	});
+	test('endpoint registration with only one encryption key is rejected', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		await createBuilder(harness, account.token)
+			.post('/users/@me/mobile-devices')
+			.body({
+				platform: 'android_fcm',
+				token: 'https://relay.example.com/fcm/half-keys',
+				encryption_key: 'half-p256dh-key',
+			})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST)
+			.execute();
+	});
+	test('raw token registration with encryption keys is rejected', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		await createBuilder(harness, account.token)
+			.post('/users/@me/mobile-devices')
+			.body({
+				platform: 'ios_apns',
+				token: '0123456789abcdef',
+				encryption_key: 'raw-p256dh-key',
+				auth_secret: 'raw-auth-secret',
+			})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST)
+			.execute();
+	});
+	test('Web Push registration rejects an endpoint that is not publicly routable', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const response = await createBuilder(harness, account.token)
+			.post('/users/@me/mobile-devices')
+			.body({
+				platform: 'ios_apns',
+				token: 'https://127.0.0.1/apns/device',
+				encryption_key: 'local-p256dh-key',
+				auth_secret: 'local-auth-secret',
+			})
+			.expect(HTTP_STATUS.BAD_REQUEST)
+			.execute();
+		expect(JSON.stringify(response)).toContain('URL_NOT_PUBLICLY_ROUTABLE');
+	});
+	test('unregister removes a Web Push mobile registration', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		const endpoint = 'https://relay.example.com/apns/unregister';
+		await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'ios_apns',
+			token: endpoint,
+			encryption_key: 'unregister-p256dh-key',
+			auth_secret: 'unregister-auth-secret',
+			app_id: 'stable',
+			provider_environment: 'production',
+		});
+		await unregisterMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'ios_apns',
+			token: endpoint,
+			app_id: 'stable',
+			provider_environment: 'production',
+		});
+		const mobileDevices = await listMobileDevices(harness, account.token);
+		expect(mobileDevices.devices).toHaveLength(0);
+	});
+	test('mobile Web Push registrations stay out of the web push subscription list', async () => {
+		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
+		await registerMobileDevice(harness, account.token, {
+			platform: 'android_fcm',
+			token: 'https://relay.example.com/fcm/separate',
+			encryption_key: 'separate-p256dh-key',
+			auth_secret: 'separate-auth-secret',
+		});
+		const webSubscriptions = await listPushSubscriptions(harness, account.token);
+		const mobileDevices = await listMobileDevices(harness, account.token);
+		expect(webSubscriptions.subscriptions).toHaveLength(0);
+		expect(mobileDevices.devices).toHaveLength(1);
+	});
 	test('list subscriptions returns multiple subscriptions', async () => {
 		const account = await createTestAccount(harness);
 		const first = await subscribePush(harness, account.token, 'https://push.example.com/multi-1');
@@ -5,13 +5,18 @@ import * as RegexUtils from '@app/api/utils/RegexUtils';

 let _invitePattern: RegExp | null = null;

+function getInviteEndpointBase(): string {
+	const url = new URL(Config.endpoints.invite);
+	return `${url.hostname}${url.pathname.replace(/\/+$/, '')}`;
+}
+
 function getInvitePattern(): RegExp {
 	if (!_invitePattern) {
 		_invitePattern = new RegExp(
 			[
 				'(?:https?:\\/\\/)?',
 				'(?:',
-				`${RegexUtils.escapeRegex(Config.hosts.invite)}(?:\\/#)?\\/(?!invite\\/)([a-zA-Z0-9\\-]{2,32})(?![a-zA-Z0-9\\-])`,
+				`${RegexUtils.escapeRegex(getInviteEndpointBase())}(?:\\/#)?\\/(?!invite\\/)([a-zA-Z0-9\\-]{2,32})(?![a-zA-Z0-9\\-])`,
 				'|',
 				`${RegexUtils.escapeRegex(new URL(Config.endpoints.webApp).hostname)}(?:\\/#)?\\/invite\\/([a-zA-Z0-9\\-]{2,32})(?![a-zA-Z0-9\\-])`,
 				')',
@@ -8,24 +8,17 @@ import * as InviteUtils from '@app/api/utils/InviteUtils';
 import {URL_REGEX} from '@fluxer/constants/src/Core';
 import * as idna from 'idna-uts46-hx';

-const MARKETING_PATH_PREFIXES = ['/channels/', '/theme/'];
+const CLIENT_ROUTE_PATH_PREFIXES = ['/channels/', '/theme/'];
+
+interface ExcludedLinkBase {
+	hostname: string;
+	pathPrefix: string;
+}

 function normalizeHostname(hostname: string | undefined) {
 	return hostname?.trim().toLowerCase() || '';
 }

-let _marketingHostname: string | null = null;
-
-function getMarketingHostname() {
-	if (!_marketingHostname) {
-		_marketingHostname = normalizeHostname(Config.hosts.marketing);
-	}
-	return _marketingHostname;
-}
-
-const isMarketingPath = (hostname: string, pathname: string) =>
-	hostname === getMarketingHostname() && MARKETING_PATH_PREFIXES.some((prefix) => pathname.startsWith(prefix));
-
 function getWebAppHostname() {
 	try {
 		return new URL(Config.endpoints.webApp).hostname;
@@ -34,23 +27,32 @@ function getWebAppHostname() {
 	}
 }

-let _excludedHostnames: Set<string> | null = null;
-
-function getExcludedHostnames(): Set<string> {
-	if (!_excludedHostnames) {
-		_excludedHostnames = new Set<string>();
-		const addHostname = (hostname: string | undefined) => {
-			const normalized = normalizeHostname(hostname);
-			if (normalized) {
-				_excludedHostnames!.add(normalized);
-			}
-		};
-		addHostname(Config.hosts.invite);
-		addHostname(Config.hosts.gift);
-		Config.hosts.unfurlIgnored.forEach(addHostname);
-		addHostname(getWebAppHostname());
+function endpointLinkBase(endpoint: string): ExcludedLinkBase | null {
+	try {
+		const url = new URL(endpoint);
+		return {hostname: normalizeHostname(url.hostname), pathPrefix: `${url.pathname.replace(/\/+$/, '')}/`};
+	} catch {
+		return null;
 	}
-	return _excludedHostnames;
+}
+
+let _excludedLinkBases: Array<ExcludedLinkBase> | null = null;
+
+function getExcludedLinkBases(): Array<ExcludedLinkBase> {
+	if (!_excludedLinkBases) {
+		const bases: Array<ExcludedLinkBase | null> = [
+			...Config.hosts.unfurlIgnored.map((hostname) => ({hostname: normalizeHostname(hostname), pathPrefix: '/'})),
+			endpointLinkBase(Config.endpoints.invite),
+			endpointLinkBase(Config.endpoints.gift),
+		];
+		for (const hostname of [getWebAppHostname(), Config.hosts.marketing]) {
+			for (const pathPrefix of CLIENT_ROUTE_PATH_PREFIXES) {
+				bases.push({hostname: normalizeHostname(hostname), pathPrefix});
+			}
+		}
+		_excludedLinkBases = bases.filter((base): base is ExcludedLinkBase => base !== null && base.hostname !== '');
+	}
+	return _excludedLinkBases;
 }

 function idnaEncodeURL(url: string) {
@@ -80,8 +82,9 @@ function isFluxerAppExcludedURL(url: string) {
 	try {
 		const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
 		const hostname = normalizeHostname(parsedUrl.hostname);
-		const isMarketingPathMatch = isMarketingPath(hostname, parsedUrl.pathname);
-		return isMarketingPathMatch || getExcludedHostnames().has(hostname);
+		return getExcludedLinkBases().some(
+			(base) => base.hostname === hostname && parsedUrl.pathname.startsWith(base.pathPrefix),
+		);
 	} catch {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {Logger} from '@app/api/Logger';
+import type {WorkerTaskName} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerLaneConfig';
+import {WorkerQueueOverflowError} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerQueueOverflowError';
+import type {WorkerService} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerService';
+import type {IKVProvider} from '@pkgs/kv_client/src/IKVProvider';
+import {ms} from 'itty-time';
+
+const INITIAL_SYNC_KEY = 'sync:email_domains:initialized';
+const PURGE_KEY = 'sync:blocklist_feeds:purged';
+const CLAIM_TTL_SECONDS = ms('6 hours') / 1000;
+const FEED_TASKS = [
+	'syncDisposableEmailDomains',
+	'syncUrlBlocklists',
+	'syncFileShaBlocklists',
+] as const satisfies ReadonlyArray<WorkerTaskName>;
+
+export async function queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(
+	kvClient: Pick<IKVProvider, 'setnx' | 'del'>,
+	workerService: Pick<WorkerService, 'addJob'>,
+	enabled: boolean,
+): Promise<void> {
+	if (enabled) {
+		if (await kvClient.setnx(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY, '1', CLAIM_TTL_SECONDS)) {
+			Logger.info('Triggering initial disposable email domain sync');
+			await queueJobs(workerService, ['syncDisposableEmailDomains']);
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	const wasEnabled = (await kvClient.del(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY)) > 0;
+	const claimed = await kvClient.setnx(PURGE_KEY, '1', CLAIM_TTL_SECONDS);
+	if (!wasEnabled && !claimed) return;
+	Logger.info('Removing blocklist feed data, blocklist feeds are disabled');
+	await queueJobs(workerService, FEED_TASKS);
+}
+
+async function queueJobs(
+	workerService: Pick<WorkerService, 'addJob'>,
+	tasks: ReadonlyArray<WorkerTaskName>,
+): Promise<void> {
+	for (const task of tasks) {
+		try {
+			await workerService.addJob(task, {});
+		} catch (error) {
+			if (!(error instanceof WorkerQueueOverflowError)) {
+				throw error;
+			}
+			Logger.warn({task}, 'Dropped blocklist feed job, jobs stream is at its limit');
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ import {
 	StorageType,
 	type StreamConfig,
 } from '@nats-io/jetstream';
-import {nanos} from '@nats-io/transport-node';
+import {millis, nanos} from '@nats-io/transport-node';
 import type {JetStreamConnectionManager} from '@pkgs/nats/src/JetStreamConnectionManager';
 import type {WorkerJobPayload} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTypes';

 const STREAM_NAME = 'JOBS';
 const SUBJECT_PREFIX = 'jobs.';
-const MAX_AGE_MS = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+export const JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
 const LEGACY_CONSUMER_NAME = 'workers';
 const DLQ_STREAM_NAME = 'JOBS_DLQ';
 const DLQ_SUBJECT_PREFIX = 'dlq.';
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ const JOBS_STREAM: WorkerStreamDefinition = {
 	name: STREAM_NAME,
 	subject: `${SUBJECT_PREFIX}>`,
 	retention: RetentionPolicy.Workqueue,
-	maxAgeMs: MAX_AGE_MS,
+	maxAgeMs: JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS,
 	minBytes: STREAM_MIN_BYTES,
 	maxMessages: STREAM_MAX_MSGS,
 	maxMessagesPerSubject: STREAM_MAX_MSGS_PER_SUBJECT,
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ export class JetStreamWorkerQueue {
 	private consumersReady = false;
 	private streamSetup: Promise<void> | null = null;
 	private dlqStreamSetup: Promise<void> | null = null;
+	private jobsStreamMaxAgeMs = JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS;

 	constructor(connectionManager: JetStreamConnectionManager) {
 		this.connectionManager = connectionManager;
@@ -125,11 +126,16 @@ export class JetStreamWorkerQueue {
 		if (existingConfig === null) {
 			await this.addStream(jsm);
 		} else {
+			this.jobsStreamMaxAgeMs = millis(existingConfig.max_age);
 			await this.applyStreamLimits(jsm, existingConfig);
 		}
 		this.streamReady = true;
 	}

+	getJobsStreamMaxAgeMs(): number {
+		return this.jobsStreamMaxAgeMs;
+	}
+
 	private async oversizedSubjects(jsm: JetStreamManager): Promise<Array<[string, number]> | null> {
 		try {
 			const info = await jsm.streams.info(STREAM_NAME, {subjects_filter: JOBS_STREAM.subject});
@@ -462,7 +468,7 @@ export class JetStreamWorkerQueue {
 			priority?: number;
 			jobKey?: string;
 		},
-	): Promise<string> {
+	): Promise<{seq: string; duplicate: boolean}> {
 		const js = this.connectionManager.getJetStreamClient();
 		const subject = `${SUBJECT_PREFIX}${taskType}`;
 		const body = JSON.stringify({
@@ -477,8 +483,7 @@ export class JetStreamWorkerQueue {
 			const ack = await js.publish(subject, body, {
 				msgID,
 			});
-			const jobId = `${ack.seq}`;
-			return jobId;
+			return {seq: `${ack.seq}`, duplicate: ack.duplicate === true};
 		} catch (error) {
 			const rejection = describeStreamRejection(error);
 			if (rejection === null) {
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ const LANE_CONFIG = {
 		consumerName: 'workers_batch',
 		tasks: [
 			'expireAttachments',
+			'expireStaleJobs',
 			'indexChannelMessages',
 			'indexGuildMembers',
 			'processAssetDeletionQueue',
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ import {
 } from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
 import {initializeSearch, shutdownSearch} from '@app/api/SearchFactory';
 import {awaitAll} from '@app/api/utils/ConcurrencyUtils';
+import {queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs} from '@app/api/worker/BlocklistFeedStartup';
 import {CronScheduler} from '@app/api/worker/CronScheduler';
-import {JetStreamWorkerQueue} from '@app/api/worker/JetStreamWorkerQueue';
+import {JetStreamWorkerQueue, JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS} from '@app/api/worker/JetStreamWorkerQueue';
 import {clearWorkerDependencies, setWorkerDependencies} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerContext';
 import {initializeWorkerDependencies, type WorkerDependencies} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerDependencies';
 import {WorkerHeartbeat} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerHeartbeat';
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@ import {
 	validateLaneCompleteness,
 } from '@app/api/worker/WorkerLaneConfig';
 import {createWorkerProcessErrorHandler} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerProcessErrorHandler';
-import {WorkerQueueOverflowError} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerQueueOverflowError';
 import {WorkerRunner} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerRunner';
 import {WorkerService} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerService';
 import {workerTasks} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerTaskRegistry';
@@ -43,9 +43,8 @@ import {BACKGROUND_READ_TIMEOUT_MS, initCassandra, shutdownCassandra} from '@pkg
 import {JetStreamConnectionManager} from '@pkgs/nats/src/JetStreamConnectionManager';
 import {getDefaultPostgresClient, initPostgres, shutdownPostgres} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
 import type {WorkerTaskHandler} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
-import {ms} from 'itty-time';

-function registerCronJobs(cron: CronScheduler): void {
+function registerCronJobs(cron: CronScheduler, jobsStreamMaxAgeMs: number): void {
 	cron.upsert('processAssetDeletionQueue', 'processAssetDeletionQueue', {}, '0 */5 * * * *', {ledger: false});
 	if (Config.cachePurge.adapter !== 'none') {
 		cron.upsert('processCachePurgeQueue', 'processCachePurgeQueue', {}, '*/10 * * * * *', {ledger: false});
@@ -62,6 +61,14 @@ function registerCronJobs(cron: CronScheduler): void {
 	}
 	cron.upsert('processInactivityDeletions', 'processInactivityDeletions', {}, '0 0 */6 * * *', {ledger: false});
 	cron.upsert('expireAttachments', 'expireAttachments', {}, '0 0 */12 * * *', {ledger: false});
+	if (jobsStreamMaxAgeMs > 0 && jobsStreamMaxAgeMs <= JOBS_STREAM_MAX_AGE_MS) {
+		cron.upsert('expireStaleJobs', 'expireStaleJobs', {}, '0 45 3 * * *', {ledger: false});
+	} else {
+		Logger.warn(
+			{jobsStreamMaxAgeMs},
+			'Jobs stream keeps jobs past 7 days, stale jobs stay active until their ledger rows expire',
+		);
+	}
 	cron.upsert('prunePostgresKvTtl', 'prunePostgresKvTtl', {}, '0 */5 * * * *', {ledger: false});
 	cron.upsert('syncDiscoveryIndex', 'syncDiscoveryIndex', {}, '0 */15 * * * *', {ledger: false});
 	if (Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) {
@@ -240,26 +247,9 @@ export async function startWorkerMain(): Promise<void> {
 		}
 		dependencies = await initializeWorkerDependencies(snowflakeService);
 		setWorkerDependencies(dependencies);
-		if (Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) {
-			const didClaimEmailSync = await dependencies.kvClient.setnx(
-				'sync:email_domains:initialized',
-				'1',
-				ms('6 hours') / 1000,
-			);
-			if (didClaimEmailSync) {
-				Logger.info('Triggering initial disposable email domain sync');
-				try {
-					await workerService.addJob('syncDisposableEmailDomains', {});
-				} catch (error) {
-					if (!(error instanceof WorkerQueueOverflowError)) {
-						throw error;
-					}
-					Logger.warn('Dropped initial disposable email domain sync, jobs stream is at its limit');
-				}
-			}
-		}
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(dependencies.kvClient, workerService, Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled);
 		cron = new CronScheduler(workerService, Logger, dependencies.kvClient, heartbeat);
-		registerCronJobs(cron);
+		registerCronJobs(cron, queue.getJobsStreamMaxAgeMs());
 		for (const lane of activeWorkerLanes) {
 			const laneTasks: Record<string, WorkerTaskHandler> = {};
 			for (const taskType of lane.taskTypes) {
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ export class WorkerService implements IWorkerService<WorkerTaskName> {
 		const skipLedger = options?.skipLedger === true;
 		const requireLedger = options?.requireLedger === true;
 		const payloadRecord = payload as Record<string, unknown>;
-		let ledgerWritten = false;
+		let ledgerCreatedAt: Date | null = null;
 		if (!skipLedger) {
 			try {
-				await this.ledger.createJob({
+				ledgerCreatedAt = await this.ledger.createJob({
 					jobId,
 					taskType,
 					payload: payloadRecord,
@@ -43,29 +43,32 @@ export class WorkerService implements IWorkerService<WorkerTaskName> {
 					jetStreamLane: findLaneForTask(taskType),
 					jetStreamSeq: null,
 				});
-				ledgerWritten = true;
 			} catch (ledgerErr) {
 				Logger.error({err: ledgerErr, jobId: jobId.toString(), taskType}, 'Failed to write ledger row for job');
 				if (requireLedger) throw ledgerErr;
 			}
 		}
-		const enrichedPayload = ledgerWritten ? {...payloadRecord, __jobId: jobId.toString()} : payloadRecord;
+		const enrichedPayload = ledgerCreatedAt !== null ? {...payloadRecord, __jobId: jobId.toString()} : payloadRecord;
 		try {
-			const seq = await this.queue.enqueue(taskType, enrichedPayload, {
+			const {seq, duplicate} = await this.queue.enqueue(taskType, enrichedPayload, {
 				...(options?.runAt !== undefined && {runAt: options.runAt}),
 				...(options?.maxAttempts !== undefined && {maxAttempts: options.maxAttempts}),
 				...(options?.priority !== undefined && {priority: options.priority}),
 				...(options?.jobKey !== undefined && {jobKey: options.jobKey}),
 			});
-			if (ledgerWritten) {
+			if (ledgerCreatedAt !== null && duplicate) {
+				await this.ledger
+					.discardJob(jobId, ledgerCreatedAt)
+					.catch((err) => Logger.warn({err, jobId: jobId.toString()}, 'Ledger discardJob failed'));
+			} else if (ledgerCreatedAt !== null) {
 				await this.ledger
 					.setJetStreamSeq(jobId, seq)
 					.catch((err) => Logger.warn({err, jobId: jobId.toString()}, 'Ledger setJetStreamSeq failed'));
 			}
-			Logger.debug({taskType, jobId: jobId.toString(), seq}, 'Job queued successfully');
+			Logger.debug({taskType, jobId: jobId.toString(), seq, duplicate}, 'Job queued successfully');
 			return jobId;
 		} catch (error) {
-			if (ledgerWritten) {
+			if (ledgerCreatedAt !== null) {
 				await this.ledger
 					.markDeadletter(jobId, error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error))
 					.catch((err) => Logger.warn({err, jobId: jobId.toString()}, 'Ledger markDeadletter failed'));
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import bulkDeleteUserMessages from '@app/api/worker/tasks/BulkDeleteUserMessages
 import bulkDeleteUserMessagesScoped from '@app/api/worker/tasks/BulkDeleteUserMessagesScoped';
 import deleteUserMessagesInGuildByTime from '@app/api/worker/tasks/DeleteUserMessagesInGuildByTime';
 import expireAttachments from '@app/api/worker/tasks/ExpireAttachments';
+import expireStaleJobs from '@app/api/worker/tasks/ExpireStaleJobs';
 import extractEmbeds from '@app/api/worker/tasks/ExtractEmbeds';
 import finalizeNcmecAttachmentReport from '@app/api/worker/tasks/FinalizeNcmecAttachmentReport';
 import flushUserActivityBuffer from '@app/api/worker/tasks/FlushUserActivityBuffer';
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ export const workerTasks: Record<WorkerTaskName, WorkerTaskHandler> = {
 	bulkUpdateUserFlags: bulkUpdateUserFlags,
 	deleteUserMessagesInGuildByTime,
 	expireAttachments,
+	expireStaleJobs,
 	extractEmbeds,
 	finalizeNcmecAttachmentReport,
 	handleMentions,
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS, JobLedgerRepository} from '@app/api/jobs/JobLedgerRepository';
+import type {WorkerTaskHandler} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
+
+const PAGE_SIZE = 500;
+const MAX_CLEARED_PER_RUN = 1000;
+
+const expireStaleJobs: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
+	const result = await new JobLedgerRepository().expireStaleActiveJobs({
+		staleBeforeMs: Date.now() - JOB_STALE_AFTER_MS,
+		pageSize: PAGE_SIZE,
+		maxCleared: MAX_CLEARED_PER_RUN,
+	});
+	if (!result.complete) {
+		helpers.logger.warn({...result}, 'Stale job sweep reached its per-run cap');
+	} else if (result.cleared > 0) {
+		helpers.logger.info({...result}, 'Expired stale jobs');
+	}
+};
+
+export default expireStaleJobs;
@@ -1,18 +1,34 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

 import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvDefaultTtlExpiry';
 import {pruneExpiredPostgresKvRows} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import {expireLegacyJobLedgerRows} from '@app/api/jobs/PostgresJobLedgerExpiry';
 import {getDefaultPostgresClient} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
 import type {WorkerTaskHandler} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
+import {ms} from 'itty-time';

 const PRUNE_BATCH_SIZE = 5000;
 const MAX_PRUNE_BATCHES_PER_RUN = 20;
+const LEGACY_EXPIRY_BUDGET_MS = ms('2 minutes');

 const prunePostgresKvTtl: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
 	if (Config.database.backend !== 'postgres') {
 		return;
 	}
 	const client = getDefaultPostgresClient();
+	const deadlineMs = Date.now() + LEGACY_EXPIRY_BUDGET_MS;
+	const legacyJobs = await expireLegacyJobLedgerRows(client, deadlineMs);
+	if (legacyJobs !== null && (legacyJobs.deleted > 0 || legacyJobs.expiring > 0 || !legacyJobs.complete)) {
+		helpers.logger.info({...legacyJobs}, 'Expired legacy job ledger rows');
+	}
+	const legacyDefaults = await expireLegacyDefaultTtlRows(client, deadlineMs);
+	if (
+		legacyDefaults !== null &&
+		(legacyDefaults.deleted > 0 || legacyDefaults.expiring > 0 || !legacyDefaults.complete)
+	) {
+		helpers.logger.info({...legacyDefaults}, 'Expired rows written without their table default TTL');
+	}
 	let deleted = 0;
 	for (let batch = 0; batch < MAX_PRUNE_BATCHES_PER_RUN; batch += 1) {
 		const batchDeleted = await pruneExpiredPostgresKvRows(client, PRUNE_BATCH_SIZE);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

 import {domainToASCII} from 'node:url';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
 import {isAccountPolicyContactDomainReputationExempt} from '@app/api/risk/AccountPolicyService';
 import {EXTERNAL_RESPONSE_LIMITS} from '@app/api/utils/ExternalResponseLimits';
 import * as FetchUtils from '@app/api/utils/FetchUtils';
@@ -131,10 +132,7 @@ async function throwIfCancelled(helpers: WorkerTaskHelpers): Promise<void> {
 	}
 }

-const syncDisposableEmailDomains: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
-	helpers.logger.info('Starting disposable email domain sync');
-	await helpers.setContextLink('/suspicious-email-domains');
-	const {adminRepository} = getWorkerDependencies();
+async function fetchFeedDomains(helpers: WorkerTaskHelpers): Promise<Set<string>> {
 	const freshSet = new Set<string>();
 	const perSourceCounts: Record<string, number> = {};
 	const perSourceRawCounts: Record<string, number> = {};
@@ -164,6 +162,14 @@ const syncDisposableEmailDomains: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers)
 		},
 		'Fetched disposable email domains from all sources',
 	);
+	return freshSet;
+}
+
+const syncDisposableEmailDomains: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
+	helpers.logger.info('Starting disposable email domain sync');
+	await helpers.setContextLink('/suspicious-email-domains');
+	const {adminRepository} = getWorkerDependencies();
+	const freshSet = Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled ? await fetchFeedDomains(helpers) : new Set<string>();
 	const currentSet = await loadCurrentDisposableEmailDomains();
 	let addCount = 0;
 	for (const domain of freshSet) {
@@ -1,16 +1,39 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

-import {BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {
+	BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL,
+	ContentBlocklistCategory,
+	isBlocklistFeedFileSha,
+} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
 import {EXTERNAL_RESPONSE_LIMITS} from '@app/api/utils/ExternalResponseLimits';
 import * as FetchUtils from '@app/api/utils/FetchUtils';
 import {getWorkerDependencies} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerContext';
-import type {WorkerTaskHandler} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
+import type {WorkerTaskHandler, WorkerTaskHelpers} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';

 const MALWARE_BAZAAR_SHA256_URL = 'https://bazaar.abuse.ch/export/txt/sha256/recent/';
 const SHA256_RE = /^[0-9a-fA-F]{64}$/;
+
+async function removeFeedFileShas(helpers: WorkerTaskHelpers): Promise<void> {
+	const {adminRepository, kvClient} = getWorkerDependencies();
+	let removed = 0;
+	for (const row of await adminRepository.loadAllBannedFileShas()) {
+		if (!isBlocklistFeedFileSha(row)) continue;
+		if (await adminRepository.unbanFeedFileSha(row.sha256_hex)) removed++;
+	}
+	if (removed > 0) {
+		await kvClient.publish(BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, 'refresh');
+	}
+	helpers.logger.info({removed}, 'Removed file-SHA blocklist feed rows');
+}
+
 const syncFileShaBlocklists: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
 	helpers.logger.info('Starting file-SHA blocklist sync');
 	await helpers.setContextLink('/file-sha-bans');
+	if (!Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) {
+		await removeFeedFileShas(helpers);
+		return;
+	}
 	const {adminRepository, kvClient} = getWorkerDependencies();
 	let added = 0;
 	try {
@@ -38,7 +61,7 @@ const syncFileShaBlocklists: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
 			if (existingSet.has(sha)) continue;
 			await adminRepository.banFileSha({
 				sha256_hex: sha,
-				category: 'malware_bazaar',
+				category: ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR,
 				severity: 2,
 				content_type: null,
 				source_url: MALWARE_BAZAAR_SHA256_URL,
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
 import {BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
-import {RISK_S3_KEYS, writeLinesToS3} from '@app/api/risk/RiskBlocklistS3';
+import {deleteRiskS3Object, RISK_S3_KEYS, writeLinesToS3} from '@app/api/risk/RiskBlocklistS3';
 import {EXTERNAL_RESPONSE_LIMITS} from '@app/api/utils/ExternalResponseLimits';
 import * as FetchUtils from '@app/api/utils/FetchUtils';
 import {canonicalizeUrl} from '@app/api/utils/UrlNormalizer';
@@ -62,10 +63,23 @@ async function fetchFeed(source: FeedSource): Promise<Array<string>> {
 	return source.parse(text);
 }

+const MISSING_FEED_FILE_ERRORS = new Set(['NoSuchBucket', 'NoSuchKey', 'NotFound']);
+
 const syncUrlBlocklists: WorkerTaskHandler = async (_payload, helpers) => {
 	helpers.logger.info('Starting URL blocklist sync');
 	await helpers.setContextLink('/url-domain-bans');
 	const {storageService, kvClient} = getWorkerDependencies();
+	if (!Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled) {
+		try {
+			await deleteRiskS3Object(storageService, RISK_S3_KEYS.feedUrls);
+		} catch (error) {
+			if (!(error instanceof Error && MISSING_FEED_FILE_ERRORS.has(error.name))) {
+				helpers.logger.warn({error}, 'Failed to delete the URL blocklist feed file');
+			}
+		}
+		await kvClient.publish(BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, 'refresh');
+		return;
+	}
 	const results = await Promise.allSettled(
 		FEED_SOURCES.map(async (source) => ({source, rawUrls: await fetchFeed(source)})),
 	);
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {MockKVProvider} from '@app/api/test/mocks/MockKVProvider';
+import {queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs} from '@app/api/worker/BlocklistFeedStartup';
+import type {WorkerTaskName} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerLaneConfig';
+import {WorkerQueueOverflowError} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerQueueOverflowError';
+import type {WorkerJobPayload} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTypes';
+import {describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const INITIAL_SYNC_KEY = 'sync:email_domains:initialized';
+const FEED_TASKS = ['syncDisposableEmailDomains', 'syncUrlBlocklists', 'syncFileShaBlocklists'];
+
+function createWorkerService() {
+	return {addJob: vi.fn(async (_task: WorkerTaskName, _payload: WorkerJobPayload) => 1n)};
+}
+
+function queuedTasks(workerService: ReturnType<typeof createWorkerService>): Array<string> {
+	return workerService.addJob.mock.calls.map(([task]) => task);
+}
+
+describe('queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs', () => {
+	it('with feeds on, a fresh start queues only the disposable sync and claims it for six hours', async () => {
+		const kv = new MockKVProvider();
+		const workerService = createWorkerService();
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, true);
+
+		expect(workerService.addJob.mock.calls).toEqual([['syncDisposableEmailDomains', {}]]);
+		expect(kv.setnxSpy.mock.calls).toEqual([[INITIAL_SYNC_KEY, '1', 21600]]);
+		expect(kv.delSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+	});
+
+	it('with feeds on, a start inside the claim queues nothing', async () => {
+		const kv = new MockKVProvider();
+		const workerService = createWorkerService();
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, true);
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, true);
+
+		expect(queuedTasks(workerService)).toEqual(['syncDisposableEmailDomains']);
+	});
+
+	it('with feeds off, the first start queues all three feed tasks and a second start queues none', async () => {
+		const kv = new MockKVProvider();
+		const workerService = createWorkerService();
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, false);
+		expect(workerService.addJob.mock.calls).toEqual(FEED_TASKS.map((task) => [task, {}]));
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, false);
+		expect(queuedTasks(workerService)).toEqual(FEED_TASKS);
+	});
+
+	it('with feeds off, a start after a feeds-on start cleans up again inside the claim', async () => {
+		const kv = new MockKVProvider();
+		const workerService = createWorkerService();
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, false);
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, true);
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, false);
+
+		expect(queuedTasks(workerService)).toEqual([...FEED_TASKS, 'syncDisposableEmailDomains', ...FEED_TASKS]);
+		expect(await kv.exists(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY)).toBe(0);
+	});
+
+	it('a legacy initial sync key without expiry is cleared, so re-enabling runs the initial sync', async () => {
+		const kv = new MockKVProvider();
+		await kv.set(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY, '1');
+		expect(await kv.ttl(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY)).toBe(-1);
+
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, createWorkerService(), false);
+		expect(await kv.exists(INITIAL_SYNC_KEY)).toBe(0);
+
+		const workerService = createWorkerService();
+		await queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(kv, workerService, true);
+		expect(queuedTasks(workerService)).toEqual(['syncDisposableEmailDomains']);
+	});
+
+	it('a full jobs stream drops the job without failing startup', async () => {
+		const overflowing = createWorkerService();
+		overflowing.addJob.mockImplementation(async (task) => {
+			throw new WorkerQueueOverflowError(task, 'maximum messages exceeded');
+		});
+		await expect(queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(new MockKVProvider(), overflowing, false)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+		expect(queuedTasks(overflowing)).toEqual(FEED_TASKS);
+
+		const failing = createWorkerService();
+		failing.addJob.mockRejectedValue(new Error('jetstream unavailable'));
+		await expect(queueBlocklistFeedStartupJobs(new MockKVProvider(), failing, false)).rejects.toThrow(
+			'jetstream unavailable',
+		);
+	});
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {
+	BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL,
+	BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL,
+	ContentBlocklistCategory,
+} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
+import type {BannedFileShaRow} from '@app/api/database/types/AdminArchiveTypes';
+import {fileShaCache} from '@app/api/middleware/FileShaCache';
+import {getAdminRepository} from '@app/api/middleware/ServiceSingletons';
+import {urlBlocklistCache} from '@app/api/middleware/UrlBlocklistCache';
+import {type ApiTestHarness, createApiTestHarness} from '@app/api/test/ApiTestHarness';
+import type {MockKVProvider} from '@app/api/test/mocks/MockKVProvider';
+import {NoopLogger} from '@app/api/test/mocks/NoopLogger';
+import {canonicalizeUrl} from '@app/api/utils/UrlNormalizer';
+import syncDisposableEmailDomains from '@app/api/worker/tasks/SyncDisposableEmailDomains';
+import syncFileShaBlocklists from '@app/api/worker/tasks/SyncFileShaBlocklists';
+import syncUrlBlocklists from '@app/api/worker/tasks/SyncUrlBlocklists';
+import {clearWorkerDependencies, setWorkerDependenciesForTest} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerContext';
+import type {WorkerTaskHelpers} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
+import {afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, type MockInstance, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const FEED_BUCKET = 'fluxer-geoip';
+const FEED_KEY = 'blocklists/feed-urls.txt';
+const FEED_SHA = 'a1'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA = 'b2'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA = 'c3'.repeat(32);
+const UNOWNED_NCMEC_SHA = 'd4'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_USER_ID = 42n;
+
+function createHelpers(overrides: Partial<WorkerTaskHelpers> = {}): WorkerTaskHelpers {
+	return {
+		logger: new NoopLogger(),
+		jobId: 4242n,
+		addJob: async () => 0n,
+		reportProgress: async () => {},
+		shouldCancel: async () => false,
+		setContextLink: async () => {},
+		...overrides,
+	};
+}
+
+function fileShaRow(sha256Hex: string, category: string, addedBy: bigint | null): BannedFileShaRow {
+	return {
+		sha256_hex: sha256Hex,
+		category,
+		severity: 2,
+		content_type: null,
+		source_url: null,
+		added_at: new Date(),
+		added_by: addedBy,
+		notes: null,
+	};
+}
+
+async function seedFileShas(): Promise<void> {
+	const adminRepository = getAdminRepository();
+	await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, null));
+	await adminRepository.banFileSha(
+		fileShaRow(ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, ADMIN_USER_ID),
+	);
+	await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MANUAL, ADMIN_USER_ID));
+	await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(UNOWNED_NCMEC_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.NCMEC, null));
+}
+
+describe('blocklist feeds turned off', () => {
+	let harness: ApiTestHarness;
+	let previousFeedsEnabled: boolean;
+	let fetchSpy: MockInstance<typeof fetch>;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		harness = await createApiTestHarness();
+	});
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		previousFeedsEnabled = Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled;
+		await harness.reset();
+		harness.storageService.reset();
+		setWorkerDependenciesForTest({
+			adminRepository: getAdminRepository(),
+			kvClient: harness.kvProvider,
+			storageService: harness.storageService,
+		});
+		fetchSpy = vi.spyOn(globalThis, 'fetch');
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = previousFeedsEnabled;
+		fetchSpy.mockRestore();
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		clearWorkerDependencies();
+		await harness?.shutdown();
+	});
+
+	function publishCalls(): Array<Array<string>> {
+		return (harness.kvProvider as MockKVProvider).publishSpy.mock.calls;
+	}
+
+	it('removes every stored disposable domain without fetching a feed', async () => {
+		const adminRepository = getAdminRepository();
+		for (const domain of ['mailinator.com', 'guerrillamail.com', 'tempmail.dev']) {
+			await adminRepository.addDisposableEmailDomain(domain);
+		}
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+		const reportProgress = vi.fn(async () => {});
+
+		await syncDisposableEmailDomains({}, createHelpers({reportProgress}));
+
+		expect(await adminRepository.listDisposableEmailDomains()).toEqual([]);
+		expect(fetchSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+		expect(reportProgress).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(3, 3, '+0 added, -3 removed');
+	});
+
+	it('reports a stored domain as disposable only while feeds are on', async () => {
+		const adminRepository = getAdminRepository();
+		await adminRepository.addDisposableEmailDomain('mailinator.com');
+
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = true;
+		expect(await adminRepository.isEmailDomainDisposable('mailinator.com')).toBe(true);
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+		expect(await adminRepository.isEmailDomainDisposable('mailinator.com')).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('removes MalwareBazaar feed rows and keeps every other file-SHA ban', async () => {
+		await seedFileShas();
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+
+		await syncFileShaBlocklists({}, createHelpers());
+
+		const remaining = (await getAdminRepository().loadAllBannedFileShas()).map((row) => row.sha256_hex).sort();
+		expect(remaining).toEqual([ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA, ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA, UNOWNED_NCMEC_SHA]);
+		expect(publishCalls()).toEqual([[BANNED_FILE_SHAS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, 'refresh']]);
+		expect(fetchSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a file-SHA ban an Admin took over after the purge read the table', async () => {
+		const adminRepository = getAdminRepository();
+		await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, null));
+		const staleRows = await adminRepository.loadAllBannedFileShas();
+		await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, ADMIN_USER_ID));
+		const staleRead = vi.spyOn(adminRepository, 'loadAllBannedFileShas').mockResolvedValueOnce(staleRows);
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+
+		await syncFileShaBlocklists({}, createHelpers());
+
+		staleRead.mockRestore();
+		expect(await adminRepository.isFileShaBanned(FEED_SHA)).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it('file-SHA cache skips feed rows only while feeds are off', async () => {
+		await seedFileShas();
+
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+		await fileShaCache.refresh();
+		expect(fileShaCache.isBanned(FEED_SHA)).toBe(false);
+		expect(fileShaCache.isBanned(ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA)).toBe(true);
+		expect(fileShaCache.isBanned(ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA)).toBe(true);
+		expect(fileShaCache.isBanned(UNOWNED_NCMEC_SHA)).toBe(true);
+
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = true;
+		await fileShaCache.refresh();
+		expect(fileShaCache.isBanned(FEED_SHA)).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it('deletes the URL feed file and never fetches while feeds are off', async () => {
+		await harness.storageService.uploadObject({
+			bucket: FEED_BUCKET,
+			key: FEED_KEY,
+			body: Buffer.from('https://feed.example/x\n'),
+		});
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+
+		await syncUrlBlocklists({}, createHelpers());
+
+		expect(harness.storageService.deleteObjectSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(FEED_BUCKET, FEED_KEY);
+		expect(harness.storageService.hasObject(FEED_BUCKET, FEED_KEY)).toBe(false);
+		expect(publishCalls()).toEqual([[BANNED_URLS_REFRESH_CHANNEL, 'refresh']]);
+		expect(fetchSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+		const quietLogger = new NoopLogger();
+		const quietWarn = vi.spyOn(quietLogger, 'warn');
+		vi.spyOn(harness.storageService, 'deleteObject').mockRejectedValueOnce(
+			Object.assign(new Error('The specified bucket does not exist'), {name: 'NoSuchBucket'}),
+		);
+		await expect(syncUrlBlocklists({}, createHelpers({logger: quietLogger}))).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+		expect(quietWarn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+		const loudLogger = new NoopLogger();
+		const loudWarn = vi.spyOn(loudLogger, 'warn');
+		harness.storageService.configure({shouldFailDelete: true});
+		await expect(syncUrlBlocklists({}, createHelpers({logger: loudLogger}))).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+		expect(loudWarn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+	});
+
+	it('URL cache ignores the feed file only while feeds are off', async () => {
+		const feedUrl = canonicalizeUrl('https://feed.example/x');
+		const adminUrl = canonicalizeUrl('https://admin.example/y');
+		expect(feedUrl).not.toBeNull();
+		expect(adminUrl).not.toBeNull();
+		await harness.storageService.uploadObject({
+			bucket: FEED_BUCKET,
+			key: FEED_KEY,
+			body: Buffer.from(`${feedUrl}\n`),
+		});
+		await getAdminRepository().banUrl({
+			url_canonical: adminUrl!,
+			category: ContentBlocklistCategory.MANUAL,
+			severity: 2,
+			source_url: null,
+			added_at: new Date(),
+			added_by: ADMIN_USER_ID,
+			notes: null,
+		});
+		urlBlocklistCache.setStorageService(harness.storageService);
+
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+		await urlBlocklistCache.refresh();
+		expect(urlBlocklistCache.isUrlBanned('https://feed.example/x')).toBe(false);
+		expect(urlBlocklistCache.isUrlBanned('https://admin.example/y')).toBe(true);
+
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = true;
+		await urlBlocklistCache.refresh();
+		expect(urlBlocklistCache.isUrlBanned('https://feed.example/x')).toBe(true);
+	});
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import {spawnSync} from 'node:child_process';
+import {createServer} from 'node:net';
+import {AdminRepository} from '@app/api/admin/AdminRepository';
+import {Config} from '@app/api/Config';
+import {ContentBlocklistCategory} from '@app/api/constants/ContentModeration';
+import {setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting} from '@app/api/database/CassandraQueryExecution';
+import {ensurePostgresKvSchema, PostgresKvQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/database/PostgresKvQueryExecutor';
+import type {BannedFileShaRow} from '@app/api/database/types/AdminArchiveTypes';
+import {startDockerContainer} from '@app/api/test/DockerTestContainer';
+import {InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor} from '@app/api/test/InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor';
+import {MockKVProvider} from '@app/api/test/mocks/MockKVProvider';
+import {MockStorageService} from '@app/api/test/mocks/MockStorageService';
+import {NoopLogger} from '@app/api/test/mocks/NoopLogger';
+import syncDisposableEmailDomains from '@app/api/worker/tasks/SyncDisposableEmailDomains';
+import syncFileShaBlocklists from '@app/api/worker/tasks/SyncFileShaBlocklists';
+import {
+	clearWorkerDependencies,
+	getWorkerDependencies,
+	setWorkerDependenciesForTest,
+} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerContext';
+import {
+	getDefaultPostgresClient,
+	type IPostgresClient,
+	initPostgres,
+	shutdownPostgres,
+} from '@pkgs/postgres/src/Client';
+import type {WorkerTaskHelpers} from '@pkgs/worker/src/contracts/WorkerTask';
+import {afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi} from 'vitest';
+
+const KV_TABLE = 'kv_blocklist_feeds_disabled';
+const CONTAINER = `fluxer-feeds-${process.pid.toString(36)}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+const dockerAvailable = spawnSync('docker', ['version'], {stdio: 'ignore'}).status === 0;
+const FEED_SHA = 'a1'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA = 'b2'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA = 'c3'.repeat(32);
+const ADMIN_USER_ID = 1_234_567_890_123n;
+
+async function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+	await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+async function freePort(): Promise<number> {
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const server = createServer();
+		server.on('error', reject);
+		server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+			const address = server.address();
+			if (typeof address === 'string' || address === null) {
+				reject(new Error('no port'));
+				return;
+			}
+			const port = address.port;
+			server.close(() => resolve(port));
+		});
+	});
+}
+
+function createHelpers(): WorkerTaskHelpers {
+	return {
+		logger: new NoopLogger(),
+		jobId: 4242n,
+		addJob: async () => 0n,
+		reportProgress: async () => {},
+		shouldCancel: async () => false,
+		setContextLink: async () => {},
+	};
+}
+
+function fileShaRow(sha256Hex: string, category: string, addedBy: bigint | null): BannedFileShaRow {
+	return {
+		sha256_hex: sha256Hex,
+		category,
+		severity: 2,
+		content_type: null,
+		source_url: null,
+		added_at: new Date(),
+		added_by: addedBy,
+		notes: null,
+	};
+}
+
+describe.skipIf(!dockerAvailable)('blocklist feeds turned off against postgres', () => {
+	let raw: IPostgresClient;
+	let executor: PostgresKvQueryExecutor;
+	let previousFeedsEnabled: boolean;
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		const port = await freePort();
+		startDockerContainer([
+			'run',
+			'-d',
+			'--name',
+			CONTAINER,
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_USER=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fluxer',
+			'-e',
+			'POSTGRES_DB=fluxer',
+			'-p',
+			`127.0.0.1:${port}:5432`,
+			'postgres:16-alpine',
+			'-c',
+			'fsync=off',
+		]);
+		let ready = false;
+		for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 180 && !ready; attempt += 1) {
+			await sleep(500);
+			const probe = spawnSync('docker', ['exec', CONTAINER, 'pg_isready', '-U', 'fluxer', '-d', 'fluxer'], {
+				stdio: 'ignore',
+			});
+			if (probe.status !== 0) continue;
+			try {
+				await initPostgres({
+					url: `postgres://fluxer:[email protected]:${port}/fluxer`,
+					maxConnections: 4,
+					kvTable: KV_TABLE,
+				});
+				await getDefaultPostgresClient().query('SELECT 1');
+				ready = true;
+			} catch {
+				await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+			}
+		}
+		if (!ready) throw new Error('postgres never came up');
+		raw = getDefaultPostgresClient();
+		await ensurePostgresKvSchema(raw);
+		executor = new PostgresKvQueryExecutor(raw);
+	}, 900_000);
+
+	beforeEach(async () => {
+		previousFeedsEnabled = Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled;
+		await raw.query(`DELETE FROM ${KV_TABLE}`);
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(executor);
+		setWorkerDependenciesForTest({
+			adminRepository: new AdminRepository(),
+			kvClient: new MockKVProvider(),
+			storageService: new MockStorageService(),
+		});
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = false;
+	});
+
+	afterEach(() => {
+		Config.blocklistFeeds.enabled = previousFeedsEnabled;
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		clearWorkerDependencies();
+		setCassandraQueryExecutorForTesting(new InMemoryCassandraQueryExecutor());
+		await shutdownPostgres().catch(() => {});
+		spawnSync('docker', ['rm', '-f', CONTAINER], {stdio: 'ignore'});
+	});
+
+	it('removes every disposable_email_domains row from the KV table', async () => {
+		const repository = new AdminRepository();
+		for (let i = 0; i < 1200; i++) {
+			await repository.addDisposableEmailDomain(`disposable-${i}.example`);
+		}
+		const seeded = await raw.query<{count: number}>(
+			`SELECT count(*)::int AS count FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'disposable_email_domains'`,
+		);
+		expect(seeded.rows[0]?.count).toBe(1200);
+
+		await syncDisposableEmailDomains({}, createHelpers());
+
+		const remaining = await raw.query<{count: number}>(
+			`SELECT count(*)::int AS count FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'disposable_email_domains'`,
+		);
+		expect(remaining.rows[0]?.count).toBe(0);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps file-SHA rows with added_by set and removes feed rows stored with a JSON null added_by', async () => {
+		const repository = new AdminRepository();
+		await repository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, null));
+		await repository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, ADMIN_USER_ID));
+		await repository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MANUAL, ADMIN_USER_ID));
+		const feedRow = await raw.query<{added_by_type: string}>(
+			`SELECT jsonb_typeof(row_data->'added_by') AS added_by_type FROM ${KV_TABLE}
+WHERE table_name = 'banned_file_shas' AND row_data->>'sha256_hex' = $1`,
+			[FEED_SHA],
+		);
+		expect(feedRow.rows).toEqual([{added_by_type: 'null'}]);
+
+		await syncFileShaBlocklists({}, createHelpers());
+
+		const remaining = await raw.query<{sha: string}>(
+			`SELECT row_data->>'sha256_hex' AS sha FROM ${KV_TABLE} WHERE table_name = 'banned_file_shas' ORDER BY 1`,
+		);
+		expect(remaining.rows.map((row) => row.sha)).toEqual([ADMIN_BAZAAR_SHA, ADMIN_MANUAL_SHA]);
+	});
+
+	it('keeps a file-SHA ban an Admin took over after the purge read the table', async () => {
+		const {adminRepository} = getWorkerDependencies();
+		await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, null));
+		const staleRows = await adminRepository.loadAllBannedFileShas();
+		await adminRepository.banFileSha(fileShaRow(FEED_SHA, ContentBlocklistCategory.MALWARE_BAZAAR, ADMIN_USER_ID));
+		const staleRead = vi.spyOn(adminRepository, 'loadAllBannedFileShas').mockResolvedValueOnce(staleRows);
+
+		await syncFileShaBlocklists({}, createHelpers());
+
+		staleRead.mockRestore();
+		expect(await adminRepository.isFileShaBanned(FEED_SHA)).toBe(true);
+	});
+});
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ function createQueue(params: {
 	dlqExists?: boolean;
 	reject?: (config: Partial<StreamConfig>) => Error | null;
 	updateError?: Error;
-	publish?: (subject: string) => {seq: number};
+	publish?: (subject: string, body: string, options: {msgID: string}) => {seq: number; duplicate?: boolean};
 	subjectCounts?: Record<string, number>;
 	subjectCountsError?: Error;
 }): {
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ function createQueue(params: {
 				},
 			}),
 		getJetStreamClient: () => ({
-			publish: (subject: string) => {
+			publish: (subject: string, body: string, options: {msgID: string}) => {
 				const publish = params.publish ?? (() => ({seq: 1}));
-				return Promise.resolve(publish(subject));
+				return Promise.resolve(publish(subject, body, options));
 			},
 		}),
 	} as unknown as JetStreamConnectionManager;
@@ -281,6 +281,27 @@ describe('jobs stream limits', () => {
 	});
 });

+describe('jobs stream max age', () => {
+	it('reports the max age of a jobs stream it creates', async () => {
+		const {queue, added} = createQueue({existing: null});
+		await queue.ensureStream();
+		expect(queue.getJobsStreamMaxAgeMs()).toBe(7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
+		expect(added[0]?.max_age).toBe(queue.getJobsStreamMaxAgeMs() * 1_000_000);
+	});
+
+	it('reports the max age an existing jobs stream really has and never changes it', async () => {
+		for (const [maxAgeNanos, expectedMs] of [
+			[30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1_000_000_000, 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000],
+			[0, 0],
+		] as const) {
+			const {queue, updated} = createQueue({existing: {...LEGACY_CONFIG, max_age: maxAgeNanos} as StreamConfig});
+			await queue.ensureStream();
+			expect(queue.getJobsStreamMaxAgeMs()).toBe(expectedMs);
+			expect(updated.some((config) => 'max_age' in config)).toBe(false);
+		}
+	});
+});
+
 describe('dead-letter stream', () => {
 	it('keeps startup alive when the dead-letter stream does not fit', async () => {
 		const {queue, dlqAdded} = createQueue({dlqExists: false, reject: () => noStorageError()});
@@ -298,16 +319,16 @@ describe('dead-letter stream', () => {
 describe('jobs stream enqueue shedding', () => {
 	it('rejects enqueues once the stream is at its cap', async () => {
 		const {queue} = createQueue({existing: LEGACY_CONFIG, publish: boundedPublisher(2)});
-		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toBe('1');
-		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toBe('2');
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toEqual({seq: '1', duplicate: false});
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toEqual({seq: '2', duplicate: false});
 		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(WorkerQueueOverflowError);
 	});

 	it('caps each task type independently', async () => {
 		const {queue} = createQueue({existing: LEGACY_CONFIG, publish: boundedPublisher(1)});
-		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toBe('1');
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).resolves.toEqual({seq: '1', duplicate: false});
 		await expect(queue.enqueue('extractEmbeds', {})).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(WorkerQueueOverflowError);
-		await expect(queue.enqueue('handleMentions', {})).resolves.toBe('2');
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('handleMentions', {})).resolves.toEqual({seq: '2', duplicate: false});
 	});

 	it('sheds enqueues the server refuses for lack of resources', async () => {
@@ -320,6 +341,29 @@ describe('jobs stream enqueue shedding', () => {
 		await expect(queue.enqueue('handleMentions', {})).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(WorkerQueueOverflowError);
 	});

+	it('reports a publish the stream deduplicated under the same job key', async () => {
+		const seen = new Map<string, number>();
+		const {queue} = createQueue({
+			existing: LEGACY_CONFIG,
+			publish: (_subject, _body, options) => {
+				const existing = seen.get(options.msgID);
+				if (existing !== undefined) return {seq: existing, duplicate: true};
+				seen.set(options.msgID, seen.size + 1);
+				return {seq: seen.size, duplicate: false};
+			},
+		});
+		const options = {jobKey: 'batch-audit-log-message-deletes:1'};
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes', {}, options)).resolves.toEqual({
+			seq: '1',
+			duplicate: false,
+		});
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes', {}, options)).resolves.toEqual({
+			seq: '1',
+			duplicate: true,
+		});
+		await expect(queue.enqueue('batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes', {})).resolves.toEqual({seq: '2', duplicate: false});
+	});
+
 	it('rethrows publish failures that are not stream limits', async () => {
 		const failure = new Error('no responders');
 		const {queue} = createQueue({
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {WorkerService} from '@app/api/worker/WorkerService';
 import {describe, expect, test} from 'vitest';

 const JOB_ID = 4242n;
+const CREATED_AT = new Date('2026-09-21T12:00:00.000Z');

 function createSnowflake(): ISnowflakeService {
 	return {
@@ -14,17 +15,24 @@ function createSnowflake(): ISnowflakeService {
 	} as unknown as ISnowflakeService;
 }

-function createHarness(options?: {createJobError?: Error; enqueueError?: Error}) {
+function createHarness(options?: {
+	createJobError?: Error;
+	enqueueError?: Error;
+	duplicate?: boolean;
+	discardError?: Error;
+}) {
 	const calls: Array<string> = [];
 	const createdJobs: Array<CreateJobInput> = [];
 	const enqueued: Array<{taskType: string; payload: Record<string, unknown>}> = [];
 	const seqUpdates: Array<{jobId: bigint; seq: string}> = [];
 	const deadletters: Array<{jobId: bigint; errorMessage: string}> = [];
+	const discarded: Array<{jobId: bigint; createdAt: Date}> = [];
 	const ledger = {
 		createJob: async (input: CreateJobInput) => {
 			calls.push('createJob');
 			if (options?.createJobError) throw options.createJobError;
 			createdJobs.push(input);
+			return CREATED_AT;
 		},
 		setJetStreamSeq: async (jobId: bigint, seq: string) => {
 			calls.push('setJetStreamSeq');
@@ -34,17 +42,22 @@ function createHarness(options?: {createJobError?: Error; enqueueError?: Error})
 			calls.push('markDeadletter');
 			deadletters.push({jobId, errorMessage});
 		},
+		discardJob: async (jobId: bigint, createdAt: Date) => {
+			calls.push('discardJob');
+			if (options?.discardError) throw options.discardError;
+			discarded.push({jobId, createdAt});
+		},
 	} as unknown as IJobLedgerRepository;
 	const queue = {
 		enqueue: async (taskType: string, payload: Record<string, unknown>) => {
 			calls.push('enqueue');
 			if (options?.enqueueError) throw options.enqueueError;
 			enqueued.push({taskType, payload});
-			return 'seq-9';
+			return {seq: 'seq-9', duplicate: options?.duplicate === true};
 		},
 	} as unknown as JetStreamWorkerQueue;
 	const service = new WorkerService(queue, createSnowflake(), ledger);
-	return {service, calls, createdJobs, enqueued, seqUpdates, deadletters};
+	return {service, calls, createdJobs, enqueued, seqUpdates, deadletters, discarded};
 }

 describe('WorkerService ledger ordering', () => {
@@ -88,6 +101,42 @@ describe('WorkerService ledger ordering', () => {
 		expect(harness.deadletters).toEqual([{jobId: JOB_ID, errorMessage: 'stream unreachable'}]);
 	});

+	test('discards the ledger row when the stream already holds a job under the same key', async () => {
+		const harness = createHarness({duplicate: true});
+
+		const jobId = await harness.service.addJob(
+			'batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes',
+			{guildId: '1'},
+			{jobKey: 'batch-audit-log-message-deletes:1'},
+		);
+
+		expect(jobId).toBe(JOB_ID);
+		expect(harness.calls).toEqual(['createJob', 'enqueue', 'discardJob']);
+		expect(harness.discarded).toEqual([{jobId: JOB_ID, createdAt: CREATED_AT}]);
+		expect(harness.seqUpdates).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	test('still returns the job id when discarding the duplicate ledger row fails', async () => {
+		const harness = createHarness({duplicate: true, discardError: new Error('write timeout')});
+
+		const jobId = await harness.service.addJob(
+			'batchGuildAuditLogMessageDeletes',
+			{guildId: '1'},
+			{jobKey: 'batch-audit-log-message-deletes:1'},
+		);
+
+		expect(jobId).toBe(JOB_ID);
+		expect(harness.calls).toEqual(['createJob', 'enqueue', 'discardJob']);
+	});
+
+	test('does not touch the ledger for a duplicate the caller never ledgered', async () => {
+		const harness = createHarness({duplicate: true});
+
+		await harness.service.addJob('handleMentions', {}, {skipLedger: true, jobKey: 'mentions:1'});
+
+		expect(harness.calls).toEqual(['enqueue']);
+	});
+
 	test('never touches the ledger when the caller skips it', async () => {
 		const harness = createHarness();

@@ -52,69 +52,13 @@ async function renderSVGToBuffer(svgContent: string, size: number): Promise<Buff
 	return sharp(Buffer.from(fixed)).resize(size, size).png().toBuffer();
 }

-function hslToRgb(h: number, s: number, l: number): [number, number, number] {
-	h = ((h % 360) + 360) % 360;
-	h /= 360;
-	let r: number, g: number, b: number;
-	if (s === 0) {
-		r = g = b = l;
-	} else {
-		const q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
-		const p = 2 * l - q;
-		const hueToRgb = (p: number, q: number, t: number): number => {
-			if (t < 0) t += 1;
-			if (t > 1) t -= 1;
-			if (t < 1 / 6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
-			if (t < 1 / 2) return q;
-			if (t < 2 / 3) return p + (q - p) * (2 / 3 - t) * 6;
-			return p;
-		};
-		r = hueToRgb(p, q, h + 1 / 3);
-		g = hueToRgb(p, q, h);
-		b = hueToRgb(p, q, h - 1 / 3);
-	}
-	return [
-		Math.round(Math.min(1, Math.max(0, r)) * 255),
-		Math.round(Math.min(1, Math.max(0, g)) * 255),
-		Math.round(Math.min(1, Math.max(0, b)) * 255),
-	];
-}
-
-async function createPlaceholder(size: number): Promise<Buffer> {
-	const h = Math.random() * 360;
-	const [r, g, b] = hslToRgb(h, 0.7, 0.6);
-	const radius = Math.floor(size * 0.4);
-	const cx = Math.floor(size / 2);
-	const cy = Math.floor(size / 2);
-	const svg = `<svg width="${size}" height="${size}" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
-    <circle cx="${cx}" cy="${cy}" r="${radius}" fill="rgb(${r},${g},${b})"/>
-  </svg>`;
-	return sharp(Buffer.from(svg)).png().toBuffer();
-}
-
 async function loadEmojiImage(surrogate: string, size: number): Promise<Buffer> {
 	const codepoint = convertToCodePoints(surrogate);
 	const svg = loadLocalTwemojiSVG(codepoint);
-	if (svg) {
-		try {
-			return await renderSVGToBuffer(svg, size);
-		} catch (error) {
-			console.error(`Failed to render SVG for ${codepoint}:`, error);
-		}
+	if (svg == null) {
+		throw new Error(`Missing SVG for ${codepoint} (${surrogate})`);
 	}
-	if (codepoint.includes('-200d-')) {
-		const basePart = codepoint.split('-200d-')[0];
-		const baseSvg = loadLocalTwemojiSVG(basePart);
-		if (baseSvg) {
-			try {
-				return await renderSVGToBuffer(baseSvg, size);
-			} catch (error) {
-				console.error(`Failed to render base SVG for ${basePart}:`, error);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	console.error(`Missing SVG for ${codepoint} (${surrogate}), using placeholder`);
-	return createPlaceholder(size);
+	return renderSVGToBuffer(svg, size);
 }

 async function renderSpriteSheet(
@@ -164,11 +108,11 @@ async function renderSpriteSheet(
 }

 async function generateMainSpriteSheet(
-	emojiData: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>>,
+	categories: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>>,
 	outputDir: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
 	const base: Array<EmojiEntry> = [];
-	for (const objs of Object.values(emojiData)) {
+	for (const objs of Object.values(categories)) {
 		for (const obj of objs) {
 			base.push({surrogates: obj.surrogates});
 		}
@@ -177,7 +121,7 @@ async function generateMainSpriteSheet(
 }

 async function generateSkinToneSpriteSheets(
-	emojiData: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>>,
+	categories: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>>,
 	outputDir: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
 	const skinTones = ['\u{1F3FB}', '\u{1F3FC}', '\u{1F3FD}', '\u{1F3FE}', '\u{1F3FF}'];
@@ -185,7 +129,7 @@ async function generateSkinToneSpriteSheets(
 		const skinTone = skinTones[skinIndex];
 		const skinCodepoint = convertToCodePoints(skinTone);
 		const skinEntries: Array<EmojiEntry> = [];
-		for (const objs of Object.values(emojiData)) {
+		for (const objs of Object.values(categories)) {
 			for (const obj of objs) {
 				if (obj.skins && obj.skins.length > skinIndex && obj.skins[skinIndex].surrogates) {
 					skinEntries.push({surrogates: obj.skins[skinIndex].surrogates});
@@ -242,11 +186,11 @@ async function main(): Promise<void> {
 	const outputDir = join(appDir, 'src', 'media', 'images', 'emoji-sprites');
 	mkdirSync(outputDir, {recursive: true});
 	const emojiDataPath = join(appDir, 'src', 'media', 'data', 'emojis.json');
-	const emojiData: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>> = JSON.parse(readFileSync(emojiDataPath, 'utf-8'));
+	const emojiData: {categories: Record<string, Array<EmojiObject>>} = JSON.parse(readFileSync(emojiDataPath, 'utf-8'));
 	console.log('Generating main sprite sheet...');
-	await generateMainSpriteSheet(emojiData, outputDir);
+	await generateMainSpriteSheet(emojiData.categories, outputDir);
 	console.log('Generating skin tone sprite sheets...');
-	await generateSkinToneSpriteSheets(emojiData, outputDir);
+	await generateSkinToneSpriteSheets(emojiData.categories, outputDir);
 	console.log('Generating picker sprite sheet...');
 	await generatePickerSpriteSheet(outputDir);
 	console.log('Emoji sprites generated successfully.');
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import * as ChannelStickerCommands from '@app/features/channel/commands/ChannelS
 import styles from '@app/features/channel/components/ChannelStickersArea.module.css';
 import ChannelSticker from '@app/features/channel/state/ChannelSticker';
 import {useStickerAnimation} from '@app/features/emoji/hooks/useStickerAnimation';
-import {ComponentBus} from '@app/features/platform/utils/ComponentBus';
 import {StickerContextMenuItems} from '@app/features/ui/action_menu/items/StickerContextMenuItems';
 import * as ContextMenuCommands from '@app/features/ui/commands/ContextMenuCommands';
 import FocusRing from '@app/features/ui/focus_ring/FocusRing';
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@ import {TrashIcon} from '@phosphor-icons/react';
 import {clsx} from 'clsx';
 import {observer} from 'mobx-react-lite';
 import type React from 'react';
-import {useEffect, useState} from 'react';

 const REMOVE_STICKER_DESCRIPTOR = msg({
 	message: 'Remove sticker',
@@ -33,15 +31,6 @@ export const ChannelStickersArea: React.FC<ChannelStickersAreaProps> = observer(
 	const {i18n} = useLingui();
 	const sticker = ChannelSticker.getPendingSticker(channelId);
 	const {shouldAnimate, interactionHandlers} = useStickerAnimation({isAnimated: sticker?.animated ?? false});
-	const [previousSticker, setPreviousSticker] = useState(sticker);
-	useEffect(() => {
-		if (previousSticker && !sticker) {
-			ComponentBus.dispatch('FORCE_JUMP_TO_PRESENT');
-		} else if (!previousSticker && sticker) {
-			ComponentBus.dispatch('FORCE_JUMP_TO_PRESENT');
-		}
-		setPreviousSticker(sticker);
-	}, [sticker, previousSticker]);
 	if (!sticker) {
 		return null;
 	}
@@ -707,7 +707,8 @@ export const LexicalChannelTextareaContent = observer(
 			const stickerBoundaryChanged = isSameChannel && previous.hasPendingSticker !== hasPendingSticker;
 			if (
 				wasAtBottomBeforeComposerBoundaryChange.current &&
-				(stickerBoundaryChanged || (attachmentBoundaryChanged && Messages.getMessages(channel.id).hasMoreAfter))
+				(stickerBoundaryChanged || attachmentBoundaryChanged) &&
+				Messages.getMessages(channel.id).hasMoreAfter
 			) {
 				ComponentBus.dispatch('FORCE_JUMP_TO_PRESENT', {channelId: channel.id});
 			}
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import {
 	canReportMessage,
 	createMessageActionHandlers,
-	getCopyableMessageText,
 	getEffectiveContent,
 	isClientSystemMessage,
 	isEmbedsSuppressed,
@@ -180,7 +179,6 @@ export const useMessageActionMenuData = (
 	);
 	const developerMode = UserSettings.developerMode;
 	const effectiveContent = useMemo(() => getEffectiveContent(message), [message]);
-	const copyableMessageText = useMemo(() => getCopyableMessageText(message, i18n), [message, i18n.locale]);
 	const canManageMessages = useMemo(
 		() =>
 			permissions != null &&
@@ -366,7 +364,7 @@ export const useMessageActionMenuData = (
 					),
 				});
 			}
-			if (copyableMessageText) {
+			if (effectiveContent) {
 				utilityActions.push({
 					id: messageActionMenuItemIds.copyMessage,
 					icon: <CopyMessageTextIcon size={20} data-flx="channel.message-action-menu.groups.copy-message-text-icon" />,
@@ -460,7 +458,6 @@ export const useMessageActionMenuData = (
 		isSpeaking,
 		voiceReady,
 		effectiveContent,
-		copyableMessageText,
 		handleSpeakMessage,
 		handleReportMessage,
 		handleDebugMessage,
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import * as SavedMessageCommands from '@app/features/messaging/commands/SavedMes
 import {ForwardModal, type ForwardModalSuccess} from '@app/features/messaging/components/modals/ForwardModal';
 import type {Message} from '@app/features/messaging/models/MessagingMessage';
 import SavedMessages from '@app/features/messaging/state/SavedMessages';
-import {buildRawMessageContentCopyText} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/MessageCopyTextUtils';
 import {buildMessageJumpLink} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/MessageLinkUtils';
 import {retryFailedMessage} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/MessageRetryUtils';
 import {type ReactionEmoji, toReactionEmoji} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/ReactionUtils';
@@ -94,10 +93,6 @@ export function getEffectiveContent(message: Message): string {
 	return '';
 }

-export function getCopyableMessageText(message: Message, _i18n: I18n): string {
-	return buildRawMessageContentCopyText(message);
-}
-
 export function isEmbedsSuppressed(message: Message): boolean {
 	return (message.flags & MessageFlags.SUPPRESS_EMBEDS) !== 0;
 }
@@ -324,7 +319,7 @@ export function createMessageActionHandlers(
 		onClose?.();
 	};
 	const handleCopyMessage = () => {
-		const content = getCopyableMessageText(message, i18n);
+		const content = getEffectiveContent(message);
 		if (content) {
 			TextCopyCommands.copy(i18n, content);
 			onClose?.();
@@ -544,7 +539,7 @@ export function requestMessageForward(
 }

 export function requestCopyMessageText(message: Message, i18n: I18n): void {
-	const content = getCopyableMessageText(message, i18n);
+	const content = getEffectiveContent(message);
 	if (!content) return;
 	void TextCopyCommands.copy(i18n, content);
 }
@@ -4,15 +4,12 @@ import type {MessageAttachment} from '@fluxer/schema/src/domains/message/Message

 export const ATTACHMENT_CARD_WIDTH = 400;

-const IMAGE_TYPES = ['image/png', 'image/jpeg', 'image/jpg', 'image/gif', 'image/webp', 'image/avif'];
-const VIDEO_TYPES = ['video/mp4', 'video/webm', 'video/quicktime'];
-
 function isImageType(contentType?: string): boolean {
-	return contentType ? IMAGE_TYPES.includes(contentType) : false;
+	return contentType?.startsWith('image/') ?? false;
 }

 function isVideoType(contentType?: string): boolean {
-	return contentType ? VIDEO_TYPES.includes(contentType) : false;
+	return contentType?.startsWith('video/') ?? false;
 }

 const hasRenderableDimensions = (attachment: MessageAttachment): boolean =>
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+const EYE_IN_SPEECH_BUBBLE = '\u{1F441}\u200D\u{1F5E8}';
+
 export function convertToCodePoints(emoji: string): string {
-	const containsZWJ = emoji.includes('\u200D');
-	const processedEmoji = containsZWJ ? emoji : emoji.replace(/\uFE0F/g, '');
+	const emojiWithoutFE0F = emoji.replace(/\uFE0F/g, '');
+	const keepsFE0F = emoji.includes('\u200D') && emojiWithoutFE0F !== EYE_IN_SPEECH_BUBBLE;
+	const processedEmoji = keepsFE0F ? emoji : emojiWithoutFE0F;
 	return Array.from(processedEmoji)
 		.map((char) => char.codePointAt(0)?.toString(16).replace(/^0+/, '') || '')
 		.join('-');
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import type {UnicodeEmoji} from '@app/features/emoji/types/EmojiTypes';
 import * as EmojiUtils from '@app/features/expressions/utils/EmojiUtils';
+import type {EmojiSurrogateMatch} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/markdown/parser/EmojiParsers';
 import * as RegexUtils from '@app/features/messaging/utils/RegexUtils';
 import emojiData from '@app/media/data/emojis.json';
 import {SKIN_TONE_SURROGATES} from '@fluxer/constants/src/EmojiConstants';
@@ -60,6 +61,15 @@ const categories = Object.freeze(Object.keys(emojiData.categories));

 const toCanonicalSurrogate = (surrogate: string): string => surrogate.replace(/️/g, '');

+const EYE_IN_SPEECH_BUBBLE_FULLY_QUALIFIED = '\u{1F441}\uFE0F\u200D\u{1F5E8}\uFE0F';
+const HAIR_COMPONENT_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
+	'\u{1F9B0}': 'red_hair',
+	'\u{1F9B1}': 'curly_hair',
+	'\u{1F9B3}': 'white_hair',
+	'\u{1F9B2}': 'bald',
+};
+const REGIONAL_INDICATOR_PAIR_PATTERN = '\\uD83C[\\uDDE6-\\uDDFF]\\uD83C[\\uDDE6-\\uDDFF]';
+
 let defaultSkinTone: string = '';

 class UnicodeEmojiClass {
@@ -216,6 +226,11 @@ function buildEmojiIndex(): EmojiIndex {
 				surrogateToName[skinToneEntry.surrogatePair] = skinToneEntry.name;
 				canonicalSurrogateToName[toCanonicalSurrogate(skinToneEntry.surrogatePair)] = skinToneEntry.name;
 			});
+			const skins = (emojiObject as {skins?: ReadonlyArray<{names: ReadonlyArray<string>; surrogates: string}>}).skins;
+			skins?.slice(SKIN_TONE_SURROGATES.length).forEach((skin) => {
+				surrogateToName[skin.surrogates] = skin.names[0];
+				canonicalSurrogateToName[toCanonicalSurrogate(skin.surrogates)] = skin.names[0];
+			});
 			categoryByEmojiName[emoji.uniqueName] = category;
 			emojis.push(emojiJson);
 			return emojiJson;
@@ -228,6 +243,20 @@ function buildEmojiIndex(): EmojiIndex {
 		canonicalSurrogateToName[toCanonicalSurrogate(surrogatePair)] = `skin-tone-${index + 1}`;
 	});

+	Object.entries(HAIR_COMPONENT_NAMES).forEach(([surrogate, name]) => {
+		surrogateToName[surrogate] = name;
+		canonicalSurrogateToName[surrogate] = name;
+	});
+
+	Object.keys(surrogateToName)
+		.filter((surrogate) => surrogate.includes('\u20E3'))
+		.map(toCanonicalSurrogate)
+		.concat(EYE_IN_SPEECH_BUBBLE_FULLY_QUALIFIED)
+		.forEach((alias) => {
+			const name = canonicalSurrogateToName[toCanonicalSurrogate(alias)];
+			if (name) surrogateToName[alias] = name;
+		});
+
 	const keywordOwner: Record<string, string> = {};
 	const keywordCount: Record<string, number> = {};

@@ -275,7 +304,7 @@ function buildEmojiIndex(): EmojiIndex {
 		emojis,
 		skinToneSpriteCount,
 		baseSpriteCount,
-		emojiSurrogateRegex: new RegExp(`(${surrogateAlternation})`, 'g'),
+		emojiSurrogateRegex: new RegExp(`(${REGIONAL_INDICATOR_PAIR_PATTERN}|${surrogateAlternation})`, 'g'),
 		emojiShortcutRegex: new RegExp(`^(${shortcutAlternation})`),
 	};
 }
@@ -288,6 +317,50 @@ function getEmojiIndex(): EmojiIndex {
 const lookupSurrogateName = (surrogate: string): string | null =>
 	getEmojiIndex().canonicalSurrogateToName[toCanonicalSurrogate(surrogate)] ?? null;

+const isRegionalIndicatorAt = (text: string, index: number): boolean => {
+	const lowSurrogate = text.charCodeAt(index + 1);
+	return text.charCodeAt(index) === 0xd83c && lowSurrogate >= 0xdde6 && lowSurrogate <= 0xddff;
+};
+
+const isInsideRegionalIndicatorPair = (text: string, index: number): boolean => {
+	if (!isRegionalIndicatorAt(text, index)) return false;
+	let runStart = index;
+	while (isRegionalIndicatorAt(text, runStart - 2)) runStart -= 2;
+	return (index - runStart) % 4 === 2;
+};
+
+const toEmojiSurrogateMatch = (text: string, start: number, end: number): EmojiSurrogateMatch => ({
+	start,
+	end,
+	name: lookupSurrogateName(text.slice(start, end)),
+});
+
+function* matchEmojiSurrogates(text: string, startIndex = 0): Generator<EmojiSurrogateMatch, void> {
+	const regex = getEmojiIndex().emojiSurrogateRegex;
+	let index = startIndex;
+	if (isInsideRegionalIndicatorPair(text, index)) {
+		yield toEmojiSurrogateMatch(text, index, index + 2);
+		index += 2;
+	}
+	while (true) {
+		regex.lastIndex = index;
+		const match = regex.exec(text);
+		if (match == null) return;
+		index = match.index + match[0].length;
+		const emojiMatch = toEmojiSurrogateMatch(text, match.index, index);
+		const isUnknownRegionalIndicatorPair =
+			emojiMatch.name == null &&
+			isRegionalIndicatorAt(text, match.index) &&
+			isRegionalIndicatorAt(text, match.index + 2);
+		if (isUnknownRegionalIndicatorPair) {
+			yield toEmojiSurrogateMatch(text, match.index, match.index + 2);
+			yield toEmojiSurrogateMatch(text, match.index + 2, index);
+		} else {
+			yield emojiMatch;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 const EMOJI_SHORTCODE_RE = /^:([^\s:]+(?:::skin-tone-[0-9])?):/;
 const categoryIcons = {
 	people: SmileyIcon,
@@ -377,6 +450,8 @@ export default {
 	getSurrogateName: (surrogate: string): string | null => {
 		return lookupSurrogateName(surrogate);
 	},
+	matchEmojiSurrogates,
+	isInsideRegionalIndicatorPair,
 	findEmojiByName: (emojiName: string): UnicodeEmoji | null => {
 		return getEmojiIndex().nameToEmoji[emojiName] || null;
 	},
@@ -400,8 +475,5 @@ export default {
 	get EMOTICON_PREFIX_RE(): RegExp {
 		return getEmojiIndex().emojiShortcutRegex;
 	},
-	get EMOJI_SURROGATE_RE(): RegExp {
-		return getEmojiIndex().emojiSurrogateRegex;
-	},
 	EMOJI_SPRITES,
 };
@@ -29,17 +29,19 @@ export function registerComposerEmojiShortcode(editor: LexicalEditor, resolve: C
 }

 function findUnicodeEmoji(text: string, startIndex: number): TypedEmojiMatch | null {
-	const pattern = new RegExp(UnicodeEmojis.EMOJI_SURROGATE_RE.source, 'g');
-	pattern.lastIndex = startIndex;
-	const match = pattern.exec(text);
-	if (match == null) {
+	const matches = UnicodeEmojis.matchEmojiSurrogates(text, startIndex);
+	let match = matches.next().value;
+	if (match && UnicodeEmojis.isInsideRegionalIndicatorPair(text, match.end)) {
+		match = matches.next().value;
+	}
+	if (!match) {
 		return null;
 	}
-	const name = UnicodeEmojis.nameForSurrogate(match[0], false);
+	const name = match.name;
 	if (!name) {
 		return null;
 	}
-	return {start: match.index, end: match.index + match[0].length, name};
+	return {start: match.start, end: match.end, name};
 }

 interface EmojiToken extends TypedEmojiMatch {
@@ -248,10 +248,6 @@ export function buildMessageSnapshotCopyText(snapshot: MessageSnapshot, options:
 	return joinCopyBlocks(blocks);
 }

-export function buildRawMessageContentCopyText(message: Pick<Message, 'content'>): string {
-	return message.content;
-}
-
 export function buildUserMessageCopyText(message: Message, options: MessageCopyTextOptions): string {
 	const blocks: Array<string> = [];
 	const messageOptions: MessageCopyTextOptions = {
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {type EmojiProvider, setEmojiParserConfig} from '@app/features/messaging/
 import {SKIN_TONE_SURROGATES} from '@fluxer/constants/src/EmojiConstants';

 const emojiProvider: EmojiProvider = {
-	getSurrogateName: UnicodeEmojis.getSurrogateName,
+	matchEmojiSurrogates: UnicodeEmojis.matchEmojiSurrogates,
 	findEmojiByName: UnicodeEmojis.findEmojiByShortcodeName,
 	findEmojiWithSkinTone: UnicodeEmojis.findEmojiWithSkinTone,
 };
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@ const emojiProvider: EmojiProvider = {
 export function initializeEmojiParser(): void {
 	setEmojiParserConfig({
 		emojiProvider,
-		get emojiRegex() {
-			return UnicodeEmojis.EMOJI_SURROGATE_RE;
-		},
 		skinToneSurrogates: SKIN_TONE_SURROGATES,
 	});
 }
@@ -4,17 +4,21 @@ export interface UnicodeEmoji {
 	surrogates: string;
 }

+export interface EmojiSurrogateMatch {
+	start: number;
+	end: number;
+	name: string | null;
+}
+
 export interface EmojiProvider {
-	getSurrogateName(surrogate: string): string | null;
+	matchEmojiSurrogates(text: string): Iterable<EmojiSurrogateMatch>;
 	findEmojiByName(name: string): UnicodeEmoji | null;
 	findEmojiWithSkinTone(baseName: string, skinToneSurrogate: string): UnicodeEmoji | null;
 }

 export interface EmojiParserConfig {
 	emojiProvider?: EmojiProvider;
-	emojiRegex?: RegExp;
 	skinToneSurrogates?: ReadonlyArray<string>;
-	convertToCodePoints?: (emoji: string) => string;
 }

 let globalEmojiConfig: EmojiParserConfig | null = null;
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

+import {convertToCodePoints} from '@app/features/expressions/utils/EmojiCodepointUtils';
 import {flattenAST} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/markdown/parser/AstUtils';
 import {getEmojiParserConfig} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/markdown/parser/EmojiParsers';
 import {MARKDOWN_PARSER_WASM_BASE64} from '@app/features/messaging/utils/markdown/parser/MarkdownParserWasmBytes';
@@ -46,11 +47,19 @@ const lenientTextDecoder = new TextDecoder('utf-8', {ignoreBOM: true, fatal: fal

 let textDecoder = new TextDecoder('utf-8', {ignoreBOM: true, fatal: true});
 let wasm: WasmExports | null = null;
+let wasmModule: unknown = null;
 let cachedMemory: Uint8Array | null = null;
+let replacingOversizedInstance = false;
+
+interface WasmInstance {
+	exports: Record<string, unknown>;
+}

 declare const WebAssembly: {
 	Module: new (bytes: Uint8Array) => unknown;
-	Instance: new (module: unknown, imports?: Record<string, unknown>) => {exports: Record<string, unknown>};
+	Instance: new (module: unknown, imports?: Record<string, unknown>) => WasmInstance;
+	compile(bytes: Uint8Array): Promise<unknown>;
+	instantiate(module: unknown, imports?: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<WasmInstance>;
 };

 function getWasmMemory(exports: Record<string, unknown>): WasmExports['memory'] {
@@ -93,22 +102,39 @@ function decodeBase64(value: string): Uint8Array {
 	return bytes;
 }

-function getWasm(): WasmExports {
-	if (!wasm) {
-		const module = new WebAssembly.Module(decodeBase64(MARKDOWN_PARSER_WASM_BASE64));
-		const instance = new WebAssembly.Instance(module, {});
-		wasm = createWasmExports(instance.exports);
-		cachedMemory = null;
-	}
+function setWasmInstance(instance: WasmInstance): WasmExports {
+	wasm = createWasmExports(instance.exports);
+	cachedMemory = null;
 	return wasm;
 }

+export async function preloadMarkdownParserWasm(): Promise<void> {
+	if (wasm) return;
+	wasmModule ??= await WebAssembly.compile(decodeBase64(MARKDOWN_PARSER_WASM_BASE64));
+	const instance = await WebAssembly.instantiate(wasmModule, {});
+	if (!wasm) setWasmInstance(instance);
+}
+
+function getWasm(): WasmExports {
+	if (wasm) return wasm;
+	wasmModule ??= new WebAssembly.Module(decodeBase64(MARKDOWN_PARSER_WASM_BASE64));
+	return setWasmInstance(new WebAssembly.Instance(wasmModule, {}));
+}
+
 function releaseOversizedWasmMemory(): void {
-	if ((wasm?.memory.buffer.byteLength ?? 0) <= MAX_RETAINED_WASM_MEMORY_BYTES) {
+	if (replacingOversizedInstance || (wasm?.memory.buffer.byteLength ?? 0) <= MAX_RETAINED_WASM_MEMORY_BYTES) {
 		return;
 	}
-	wasm = null;
-	cachedMemory = null;
+	const oversized = wasm;
+	replacingOversizedInstance = true;
+	WebAssembly.instantiate(wasmModule, {})
+		.then((instance) => {
+			if (wasm === oversized) setWasmInstance(instance);
+		})
+		.catch(() => {})
+		.finally(() => {
+			replacingOversizedInstance = false;
+		});
 }

 function memoryU8(): Uint8Array {
@@ -202,14 +228,6 @@ class Utf8OffsetTracker {
 	}
 }

-function defaultCodepoints(emoji: string): string {
-	const containsZwJ = emoji.includes('‍');
-	const processed = containsZwJ ? emoji : emoji.replace(/️/g, '');
-	return Array.from(processed)
-		.map((char) => char.codePointAt(0)?.toString(16).replace(/^0+/, '') || '')
-		.join('-');
-}
-
 const PLAINTEXT_SYMBOLS = new Set(['™', '™️', '©', '©️', '®', '®️']);
 const SPECIAL_SHORTCODES: Record<string, string> = {
 	tm: '™',
@@ -226,29 +244,23 @@ function buildEmojiContext(input: string): string {
 	const provider = config?.emojiProvider;
 	let context = '';
 	if (!provider) return context;
-	const convertToCodePoints = config.convertToCodePoints || defaultCodepoints;
-	const emojiRegex = config.emojiRegex;
-	if (emojiRegex) {
-		const offsetTracker = new Utf8OffsetTracker();
-		emojiRegex.lastIndex = 0;
-		let match: RegExpExecArray | null;
-		while ((match = emojiRegex.exec(input)) !== null) {
-			const candidate = match[0];
-			if (!candidate || PLAINTEXT_SYMBOLS.has(candidate)) continue;
-			const name = provider.getSurrogateName(candidate);
-			if (!name) continue;
-			const candidateBytes = textEncoder.encode(candidate).byteLength;
-			const byteOffset = offsetTracker.offsetFor(input, match.index);
-			context += appendContextLine([
-				'S',
-				String(byteOffset),
-				String(candidateBytes),
-				candidate,
-				name,
-				convertToCodePoints(candidate),
-			]);
-			offsetTracker.advance(candidate.length, candidateBytes);
-		}
+	const offsetTracker = new Utf8OffsetTracker();
+	for (const match of provider.matchEmojiSurrogates(input)) {
+		const candidate = input.slice(match.start, match.end);
+		if (PLAINTEXT_SYMBOLS.has(candidate)) continue;
+		const name = match.name;
+		if (!name) continue;
+		const candidateBytes = textEncoder.encode(candidate).byteLength;
+		const byteOffset = offsetTracker.offsetFor(input, match.start);
+		context += appendContextLine([
+			'S',
+			String(byteOffset),
+			String(candidateBytes),
+			candidate,
+			name,
+			convertToCodePoints(candidate),
+		]);
+		offsetTracker.advance(candidate.length, candidateBytes);
 	}
 	const shortcodeRegex = /:([\p{L}\p{N}_-]+):/gu;
 	const seen = new Set<string>();
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ import {
 	matchesPushChannelNotification,
 	normalizePushPayload,
 	resolvePushChannelId,
+	resolvePushMessageId,
 	resolvePushNotificationTag,
+	shouldRenotifyPushNotification,
 	shouldSilenceNonMobilePushNotification,
 } from '@app/features/platform/service_worker/WorkerPushPayload';

@@ -214,6 +216,17 @@ const closePushNotifications = async (tag: string | undefined): Promise<number>
 		return 0;
 	}
 };
+const getShownPushNotifications = async (tag: string): Promise<ReadonlyArray<Notification>> => {
+	if (typeof self.registration.getNotifications !== 'function') {
+		return [];
+	}
+	try {
+		return await self.registration.getNotifications({tag});
+	} catch (error) {
+		await log('error', 'push: failed to read shown notifications', {tag, error: describeError(error)});
+		return [];
+	}
+};
 const closePushNotificationsForChannel = async (channelId: string): Promise<number> => {
 	if (typeof self.registration.getNotifications !== 'function') {
 		return 0;
@@ -347,6 +360,9 @@ self.addEventListener('push', (event: PushEvent) => {
 				})) as ReadonlyArray<WindowClient>;
 				clientState = getPushNotificationClientState(clientList);
 			} catch {}
+			const renotify =
+				tag !== undefined &&
+				shouldRenotifyPushNotification(resolvePushMessageId(payload), await getShownPushNotifications(tag));
 			const options: NotificationOptions & {
 				renotify?: boolean;
 			} = {
@@ -355,7 +371,7 @@ self.addEventListener('push', (event: PushEvent) => {
 				badge: payload.badge ?? undefined,
 				data: payload.data ?? undefined,
 				tag,
-				renotify: tag !== undefined,
+				renotify,
 				...getNotificationAlertOptions({
 					mobileOrTablet: isMobileOrTabletUserAgent(workerNavigator.userAgent, workerNavigator.maxTouchPoints ?? 0),
 					silentOnNonMobile: shouldSilenceNonMobilePushNotification(clientState),
@@ -365,6 +381,7 @@ self.addEventListener('push', (event: PushEvent) => {
 				title,
 				hasBody: Boolean(payload.body),
 				tag,
+				renotify,
 				hasData: payload.data !== undefined,
 				badgeCount,
 				hasWindowClient: clientState.hasWindowClient,
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
HampusandGitHub	18c303abf6	feat(push): relay notifications as encrypted web push (#2906 )	2026-09-23 14:04:55 +02:00
JiraliteandGitHub	7021a58090	fix: allow copying message snapshots (#2905 )	2026-09-23 14:01:10 +02:00
WagnerandGitHub	320725a587	fix(desktop): capture full pipewire quantum on linux (#2481 )	2026-09-22 21:37:20 +02:00
fluxer-weblate[bot]andGitHub	8450edc072	chore(i18n): update translations from Weblate (#2895 )	2026-09-22 21:28:24 +02:00
omsterandGitHub	a1e2bf2c8d	feat(dev/linux): select the wayland backend when reachable in the native desktop app (#2899 ) Signed-off-by: omstr <[email protected]>	2026-09-22 21:27:59 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	82b2f4ec5e	fix(app): put jxl and other image attachments in the mosaic (#2902 )	2026-09-22 21:18:39 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	c92e5d03a7	fix(api): accept any image or video attachment as embed media (#2901 )	2026-09-22 21:18:35 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	91340c5c84	fix(markdown): compile the parser wasm asynchronously (#2900 )	2026-09-22 19:58:38 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	045dd5d027	test(api): make the harvest token tamper test deterministic (#2894 )	2026-09-22 02:20:18 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	a21b9c4659	docs(readme): clean up the download prose (#2893 )	2026-09-22 02:08:42 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	4b1b869802	docs(readme): point Linux installs at Flathub (#2892 )	2026-09-22 02:04:06 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	1ab7e7dfcc	fix(api): unfurl links to a self-hosted instance's own domain (#2891 )	2026-09-22 02:00:51 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	31c53d2dff	fix(app): stop pending stickers from reloading the channel (#2890 )	2026-09-22 02:00:26 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	412a1ae79d	perf(api): stop ledgering session payment reconciliation (#2889 )	2026-09-22 01:37:21 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	0b2306ec3d	fix(api): honour default TTLs and expire stale job ledger rows (#2887 )	2026-09-21 23:16:39 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	242ed3a934	fix(desktop): drop orphaned Squirrel uninstall entry (#2885 )	2026-09-21 20:03:33 +02:00
HampusandGitHub	70e1ce682a	feat(emoji): add Unicode 17 emoji and fix mixed skin tones (#2883 )	2026-09-21 16:26:06 +02:00