mirror of
https://github.com/brain-hackers/u-boot-brain
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![Jagan Teki](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
OpenSBI build steps are marked as normal text in AX25-AE350 documentation. Move them into code-block so-that it can show it as build steps. Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Jagan Teki <jagan@amarulasolutions.com> Reviewed-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Rick Chen <rick@andestech.com> Tested-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
536 lines
20 KiB
ReStructuredText
536 lines
20 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
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AX25-AE350
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==========
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AE350 is the mainline SoC produced by Andes Technology using AX25 CPU core
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base on RISC-V architecture.
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AE350 has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application
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and product development.
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AX25-AE350 is the SoC with AE350 hardcore CPU.
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AX25 is Andes CPU IP to adopt RISC-V architecture.
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AX25 Features
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-------------
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CPU Core
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- 5-stage in-order execution pipeline
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- Hardware Multiplier
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- radix-2/radix-4/radix-16/radix-256/fast
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- Hardware Divider
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- Optional branch prediction
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- Machine mode and optional user mode
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- Optional performance monitoring
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ISA
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- RV64I base integer instructions
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- RVC for 16-bit compressed instructions
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- RVM for multiplication and division instructions
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Memory subsystem
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- I & D local memory
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- Size: 4KB to 16MB
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- Memory subsyetem soft-error protection
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- Protection scheme: parity-checking or error-checking-and-correction (ECC)
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- Automatic hardware error correction
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Bus
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- Interface Protocol
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- Synchronous AHB (32-bit/64-bit data-width), or
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- Synchronous AXI4 (64-bit data-width)
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Power management
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- Wait for interrupt (WFI) mode
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Debug
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- Configurable number of breakpoints: 2/4/8
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- External Debug Module
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- AHB slave port
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- External JTAG debug transport module
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Platform Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC)
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- AHB slave port
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- Configurable number of interrupts: 1-1023
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- Configurable number of interrupt priorities: 3/7/15/63/127/255
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- Configurable number of targets: 1-16
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- Preempted interrupt priority stack
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Configurations
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--------------
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CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT:
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If you want to boot this system from SPI ROM and bypass e-bios (the
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other boot loader on ROM). You should undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
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in "include/configs/ax25-ae350.h".
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Build and boot steps
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--------------------
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Build:
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1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct.
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2. Use `make ae350_rv[32|64]_defconfig` in u-boot root to build the image for
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32 or 64 bit.
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Verification:
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1. startup
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2. relocation
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3. timer driver
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4. uart driver
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5. mac driver
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6. mmc driver
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7. spi driver
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Steps
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-----
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1. Define CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is loaded via gdb from ram.
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2. Undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is booted from spi rom.
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3. Ping a server by mac driver
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4. Scan sd card and copy u-boot image which is booted from flash to ram by sd driver.
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5. Burn this u-boot image to spi rom by spi driver
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6. Re-boot u-boot from spi flash with power off and power on.
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Messages of U-Boot boot on AE350 board
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--------------------------------------
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.. code-block:: none
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U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-g824f89a (Dec 21 2017 - 16:51:26 +0800)
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DRAM: 1 GiB
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MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
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SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
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In: serial@f0300000
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Out: serial@f0300000
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Err: serial@f0300000
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Net:
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Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - be:dd:d7:e4:e8:10
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eth0: mac@e0100000
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RISC-V # version
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U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-gb265b91-dirty (Dec 22 2017 - 13:54:21 +0800)
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riscv32-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 7.2.0
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GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.29
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RISC-V # setenv ipaddr 10.0.4.200 ;
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RISC-V # setenv serverip 10.0.4.97 ;
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RISC-V # ping 10.0.4.97 ;
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Using mac@e0100000 device
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host 10.0.4.97 is alive
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RISC-V # mmc rescan
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RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:1
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318907 u-boot-ae350-64.bin
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1252 hello_world_ae350_32.bin
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328787 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
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3 file(s), 0 dir(s)
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RISC-V # sf probe 0:0 50000000 0
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SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
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RISC-V # sf test 0x100000 0x1000
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SPI flash test:
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0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
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1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
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2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
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3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
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Test passed
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0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
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1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
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2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
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3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
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RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:1 0x600000 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
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reading u-boot-ae350-32.bin
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328787 bytes read in 324 ms (990.2 KiB/s)
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RISC-V # sf erase 0x0 0x51000
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SF: 331776 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK
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RISC-V # sf write 0x600000 0x0 0x50453
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device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x50453
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SF: 328787 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK
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RISC-V # crc32 0x600000 0x50453
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crc32 for 00600000 ... 00650452 ==> 692dc44a
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RISC-V # crc32 0x80000000 0x50453
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crc32 for 80000000 ... 80050452 ==> 692dc44a
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RISC-V #
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*** power-off and power-on, this U-Boot is booted from spi flash ***
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U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00032-gf67dd47-dirty (Dec 21 2017 - 13:56:03 +0800)
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DRAM: 1 GiB
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MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
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SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
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In: serial@f0300000
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Out: serial@f0300000
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Err: serial@f0300000
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Net:
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Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - ee:4c:58:29:32:f5
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eth0: mac@e0100000
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RISC-V #
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Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on QEMU
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-------------------------------------------
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1. Build riscv-linux
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2. Build bbl and riscv-linux with --with-payload
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3. Prepare ae350.dtb
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4. Creating OS-kernel images
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.. code-block:: none
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./mkimage -A riscv -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x0000 -e 0x0000 -d bbl.bin bootmImage-bbl.bin
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Image Name:
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Created: Tue Mar 13 10:06:42 2018
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Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17481.64 KiB = 17.07 MiB
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Load Address: 00000000
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Entry Point: 00000000
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5. Copy bootmImage-bbl.bin and ae350.dtb to qemu sd card image
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6. Message of booting riscv-linux from bbl via u-boot on qemu
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.. code-block:: none
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U-Boot 2018.03-rc4-00031-g2631273 (Mar 13 2018 - 15:02:55 +0800)
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DRAM: 1 GiB
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main-loop: WARNING: I/O thread spun for 1000 iterations
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MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
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Loading Environment from SPI Flash... *** Warning - spi_flash_probe_bus_cs() failed, using default environment
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Failed (-22)
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In: serial@f0300000
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Out: serial@f0300000
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Err: serial@f0300000
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Net:
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Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - 02:00:00:00:00:00
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eth0: mac@e0100000
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RISC-V # mmc rescan
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RISC-V # mmc part
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Partition Map for MMC device 0 -- Partition Type: DOS
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Part Start Sector Num Sectors UUID Type
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RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:0
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17901268 bootmImage-bbl.bin
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1954 ae2xx.dtb
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2 file(s), 0 dir(s)
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RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x00600000 bootmImage-bbl.bin
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17901268 bytes read in 4642 ms (3.7 MiB/s)
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RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x2000000 ae350.dtb
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1954 bytes read in 1 ms (1.9 MiB/s)
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RISC-V # setenv bootm_size 0x2000000
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RISC-V # setenv fdt_high 0x1f00000
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RISC-V # bootm 0x00600000 - 0x2000000
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## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ...
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Image Name:
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Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17.1 MiB
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Load Address: 00000000
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Entry Point: 00000000
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Verifying Checksum ... OK
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## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02000000
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Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2000000
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Loading Kernel Image ... OK
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Loading Device Tree to 0000000001efc000, end 0000000001eff7a1 ... OK
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[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000
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[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.0-00046-gf3e439f-dirty (rick@atcsqa06) (gcc version 7.1.1 20170509 (GCC)) #1 Tue Jan 9 16:34:25 CST 2018
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[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
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[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0xffffffe000016a98 (12267008 bytes)
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[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
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[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
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[ 0.000000] Normal empty
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[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
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[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
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[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
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[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
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[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
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[ 0.000000] random: fast init done
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[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 516615
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[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 earlyprintk=uart8250-32bit,0xf0300000 debug loglevel=7
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[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
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[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
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[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
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[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
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[ 0.000000] Memory: 2047832K/2095104K available (1856K kernel code, 204K rwdata, 532K rodata, 12076K init, 756K bss, 47272K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
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[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
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[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
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[ 0.000000] riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped
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[ 0.000000] riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 31 interrupts to 1/2 handlers
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[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
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[ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=40000)
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[ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
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[ 0.004000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
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[ 0.004000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
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[ 0.056000] devtmpfs: initialized
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[ 0.060000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
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[ 0.064000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 6144 bytes)
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[ 0.068000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
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[ 0.080000] vgaarb: loaded
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[ 0.084000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
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[ 0.088000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
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[ 0.092000] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
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[ 0.096000] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
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[ 0.096000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
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[ 0.100000] UDP hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
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[ 0.100000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
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[ 0.104000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
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[ 0.616000] Unpacking initramfs...
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[ 1.220000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=19 bucket_order=0
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[ 1.244000] io scheduler noop registered
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[ 1.244000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
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[ 1.244000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
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[ 1.248000] io scheduler kyber registered
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[ 1.360000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
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[ 1.368000] console [ttyS0] disabled
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[ 1.372000] f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 10, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A
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[ 1.392000] console [ttyS0] enabled
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[ 1.392000] ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ...
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[ 1.396000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 8, mapped at ffffffd002005000
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[ 1.400000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 6e:ac:c3:92:36:c0
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[ 1.404000] IR NEC protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.404000] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.404000] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.404000] IR JVC protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.408000] IR Sony protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.408000] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.408000] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.408000] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.412000] IR XMP protocol handler initialized
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[ 1.456000] ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ
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[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready
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[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
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[ 1.508000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 12076K
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[ 1.512000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
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[ 1.520000] mmc0: new SD card at address 4567
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[ 1.524000] mmcblk0: mmc0:4567 QEMU! 20.0 MiB
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[ 1.844000] mmcblk0:
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Wed Dec 1 10:00:00 CST 2010
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/ #
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Running U-Boot SPL
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------------------
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The U-Boot SPL will boot in M mode and load the FIT image which include
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OpenSBI and U-Boot proper images. After loading progress, it will jump
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to OpenSBI first and then U-Boot proper which will run in S mode.
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How to build U-Boot SPL
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-----------------------
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Before building U-Boot SPL, OpenSBI must be build first. OpenSBI can be
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cloned and build for AE350 as below:
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.. code-block:: none
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git clone https://github.com/riscv/opensbi.git
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cd opensbi
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make PLATFORM=andes/ae350
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Copy OpenSBI FW_DYNAMIC image (build\platform\andes\ae350\firmware\fw_dynamic.bin)
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into U-Boot root directory
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How to build U-Boot SPL booting from RAM
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----------------------------------------
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With ae350_rv[32|64]_spl_defconfigs:
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U-Boot SPL will be loaded by gdb or FSBL and runs in RAM in machine mode
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and then load FIT image from RAM device on AE350.
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How to build U-Boot SPL booting from ROM
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----------------------------------------
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With ae350_rv[32|64]_spl_xip_defconfigs:
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U-Boot SPL can be burned into SPI flash and run in flash in machine mode
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and then load FIT image from SPI flash or MMC device on AE350.
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Messages of U-Boot SPL boots Kernel on AE350 board
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--------------------------------------------------
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.. code-block:: none
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U-Boot SPL 2020.01-rc1-00292-g67a3313-dirty (Nov 14 2019 - 11:26:21 +0800)
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Trying to boot from RAM
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OpenSBI v0.5-1-gdd8ef28 (Nov 14 2019 11:08:39)
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____ _____ ____ _____
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/ __ \ / ____| _ \_ _|
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| | | |_ __ ___ _ __ | (___ | |_) || |
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| | | | '_ \ / _ \ '_ \ \___ \| _ < | |
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| |__| | |_) | __/ | | |____) | |_) || |_
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\____/| .__/ \___|_| |_|_____/|____/_____|
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|_|
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Platform Name : Andes AE350
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Platform HART Features : RV64ACIMSUX
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Platform Max HARTs : 4
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Current Hart : 0
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Firmware Base : 0x0
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Firmware Size : 84 KB
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Runtime SBI Version : 0.2
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PMP0: 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000001ffff (A)
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PMP1: 0x0000000000000000-0x00000001ffffffff (A,R,W,X)
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U-Boot 2020.01-rc1-00292-g67a3313-dirty (Nov 14 2019 - 11:26:21 +0800)
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DRAM: 1 GiB
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Flash: 64 MiB
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MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
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Loading Environment from SPI Flash... SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
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OK
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In: serial@f0300000
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Out: serial@f0300000
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Err: serial@f0300000
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Net: no alias for ethernet0
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Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - a2:ae:93:7b:cc:8f
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eth0: mac@e0100000
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Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
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6455 bytes read in 31 ms (203.1 KiB/s)
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20421684 bytes read in 8647 ms (2.3 MiB/s)
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## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ...
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Image Name:
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Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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Data Size: 20421620 Bytes = 19.5 MiB
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Load Address: 00200000
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Entry Point: 00200000
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Verifying Checksum ... OK
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## Flattened Device Tree blob at 20000000
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Booting using the fdt blob at 0x20000000
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Loading Kernel Image
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Loading Device Tree to 000000001effb000, end 000000001efff936 ... OK
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Starting kernel ...
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OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000
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Linux version 4.17.0-00253-g49136e10bcb2 (sqa@atcsqa07) (gcc version 7.3.0 (2019-04-06_nds64le-linux-glibc-v5_experimental)) #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Apr 6 23:41:49 CST 2019
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bootconsole [early0] enabled
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Initial ramdisk at: 0x (ptrval) (13665712 bytes)
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Zone ranges:
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DMA32 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff]
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Normal empty
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Movable zone start for each node
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Early memory node ranges
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node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff]
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Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff]
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software IO TLB [mem 0x3b1f8000-0x3f1f8000] (64MB) mapped at [ (ptrval)- (ptrval)]
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elf_platform is rv64i2p0m2p0a2p0c2p0xv5-0p0
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compatible privileged spec version 1.10
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percpu: Embedded 16 pages/cpu @ (ptrval) s28184 r8192 d29160 u65536
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Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055
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Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 debug loglevel=7
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log_buf_len individual max cpu contribution: 4096 bytes
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log_buf_len total cpu_extra contributions: 12288 bytes
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log_buf_len min size: 16384 bytes
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log_buf_len: 32768 bytes
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early log buf free: 14608(89%)
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Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
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Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
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Sorting __ex_table...
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Memory: 944428K/1046528K available (3979K kernel code, 246K rwdata, 1490K rodata, 13523K init, 688K bss, 102100K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
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SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
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Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
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Tasks RCU enabled.
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NR_IRQS: 72, nr_irqs: 72, preallocated irqs: 0
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riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped
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riscv,cpu_intc,1: 64 local interrupts mapped
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riscv,cpu_intc,2: 64 local interrupts mapped
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riscv,cpu_intc,3: 64 local interrupts mapped
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riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 71 interrupts to 8/8 handlers
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clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1bacf917bf, max_idle_ns: 881590412290 ns
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sched_clock: 64 bits at 60MHz, resolution 16ns, wraps every 4398046511098ns
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Console: colour dummy device 40x30
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Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 120.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=600000)
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pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
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Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
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Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
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Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
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smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
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CPU0: online
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CPU2: online
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CPU3: online
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smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs
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devtmpfs: initialized
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random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x198/0x1d8 with crng_init=0
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clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
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futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
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NET: Registered protocol family 16
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Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
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clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
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NET: Registered protocol family 2
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tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
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TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
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TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
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TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
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UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
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UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
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NET: Registered protocol family 1
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RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
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RPC: Registered udp transport module.
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RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
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RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
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Unpacking initramfs...
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workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
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NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
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Key type id_resolver registered
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Key type id_legacy registered
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nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...
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io scheduler noop registered
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io scheduler cfq registered (default)
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io scheduler mq-deadline registered
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io scheduler kyber registered
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Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 40x30
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Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
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console [ttyS0] disabled
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f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 20, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A
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console [ttyS0] enabled
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console [ttyS0] enabled
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bootconsole [early0] disabled
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bootconsole [early0] disabled
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loop: module loaded
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tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
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ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ...
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ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 21, mapped at (ptrval)
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ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 4e:fd:bd:f3:04:fc
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ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ
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mmc0: new SDHC card at address d555
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ftssp010 card registered!
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mmcblk0: mmc0:d555 SD04G 3.79 GiB
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NET: Registered protocol family 10
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mmcblk0: p1
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Segment Routing with IPv6
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sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
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NET: Registered protocol family 17
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NET: Registered protocol family 15
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ALSA device list:
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#0: ftssp_ac97 controller
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Freeing unused kernel memory: 13520K
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This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
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Sysinit starting
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Sat Apr 6 23:33:53 CST 2019
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nfs4flexfilelayout_init: NFSv4 Flexfile Layout Driver Registering...
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~ #
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