diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
index 11aa763a3144..7bbf419bb86d 100644
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c
+++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 {
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
-	bool was_locked = false;
+	bool do_unlock_page = false;
 	pmd_t _pmd;
 
 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
@@ -2322,7 +2322,6 @@ void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	VM_BUG_ON(freeze && !page);
 	if (page) {
 		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageLocked(page));
-		was_locked = true;
 		if (page != pmd_page(*pmd))
 			goto out;
 	}
@@ -2331,19 +2330,29 @@ void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)) {
 		if (!page) {
 			page = pmd_page(*pmd);
-			if (unlikely(!trylock_page(page))) {
-				get_page(page);
-				_pmd = *pmd;
-				spin_unlock(ptl);
-				lock_page(page);
-				spin_lock(ptl);
-				if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, _pmd))) {
-					unlock_page(page);
+			/*
+			 * An anonymous page must be locked, to ensure that a
+			 * concurrent reuse_swap_page() sees stable mapcount;
+			 * but reuse_swap_page() is not used on shmem or file,
+			 * and page lock must not be taken when zap_pmd_range()
+			 * calls __split_huge_pmd() while i_mmap_lock is held.
+			 */
+			if (PageAnon(page)) {
+				if (unlikely(!trylock_page(page))) {
+					get_page(page);
+					_pmd = *pmd;
+					spin_unlock(ptl);
+					lock_page(page);
+					spin_lock(ptl);
+					if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, _pmd))) {
+						unlock_page(page);
+						put_page(page);
+						page = NULL;
+						goto repeat;
+					}
 					put_page(page);
-					page = NULL;
-					goto repeat;
 				}
-				put_page(page);
+				do_unlock_page = true;
 			}
 		}
 		if (PageMlocked(page))
@@ -2353,7 +2362,7 @@ void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	__split_huge_pmd_locked(vma, pmd, range.start, freeze);
 out:
 	spin_unlock(ptl);
-	if (!was_locked && page)
+	if (do_unlock_page)
 		unlock_page(page);
 	/*
 	 * No need to double call mmu_notifier->invalidate_range() callback.