License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 23:07:57 +09:00
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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#ifndef _ASM_ARM_MODULE_H
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#define _ASM_ARM_MODULE_H
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2012-09-28 14:01:03 +09:00
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#include <asm-generic/module.h>
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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2009-02-11 21:09:54 +09:00
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struct unwind_table;
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#ifdef CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND
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2010-08-19 23:16:37 +09:00
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enum {
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ARM_SEC_INIT,
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ARM_SEC_DEVINIT,
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ARM_SEC_CORE,
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2010-08-19 23:19:04 +09:00
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ARM_SEC_EXIT,
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ARM_SEC_DEVEXIT,
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2013-08-29 08:08:01 +09:00
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ARM_SEC_HOT,
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ARM_SEC_UNLIKELY,
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2010-08-19 23:16:37 +09:00
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ARM_SEC_MAX,
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};
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2014-11-25 00:54:35 +09:00
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#endif
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2010-11-12 22:02:46 +09:00
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2021-09-23 02:00:31 +09:00
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#define PLT_ENT_STRIDE L1_CACHE_BYTES
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#define PLT_ENT_COUNT (PLT_ENT_STRIDE / sizeof(u32))
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#define PLT_ENT_SIZE (sizeof(struct plt_entries) / PLT_ENT_COUNT)
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struct plt_entries {
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u32 ldr[PLT_ENT_COUNT];
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u32 lit[PLT_ENT_COUNT];
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};
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ARM: 8662/1: module: split core and init PLT sections
Since commit 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs"),
the ARM module PLT code allocates all PLT entries in a single core
section, since the overhead of having a separate init PLT section is
not justified by the small number of PLT entries usually required for
init code.
However, the core and init module regions are allocated independently,
and there is a corner case where the core region may be allocated from
the VMALLOC region if the dedicated module region is exhausted, but the
init region, being much smaller, can still be allocated from the module
region. This puts the PLT entries out of reach of the relocated branch
instructions, defeating the whole purpose of PLTs.
So split the core and init PLT regions, and name the latter ".init.plt"
so it gets allocated along with (and sufficiently close to) the .init
sections that it serves. Also, given that init PLT entries may need to
be emitted for branches that target the core module, modify the logic
that disregards defined symbols to only disregard symbols that are
defined in the same section.
Fixes: 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.9+
Reported-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Tested-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2017-02-23 03:40:12 +09:00
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struct mod_plt_sec {
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struct elf32_shdr *plt;
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2021-09-23 02:00:33 +09:00
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struct plt_entries *plt_ent;
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ARM: 8662/1: module: split core and init PLT sections
Since commit 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs"),
the ARM module PLT code allocates all PLT entries in a single core
section, since the overhead of having a separate init PLT section is
not justified by the small number of PLT entries usually required for
init code.
However, the core and init module regions are allocated independently,
and there is a corner case where the core region may be allocated from
the VMALLOC region if the dedicated module region is exhausted, but the
init region, being much smaller, can still be allocated from the module
region. This puts the PLT entries out of reach of the relocated branch
instructions, defeating the whole purpose of PLTs.
So split the core and init PLT regions, and name the latter ".init.plt"
so it gets allocated along with (and sufficiently close to) the .init
sections that it serves. Also, given that init PLT entries may need to
be emitted for branches that target the core module, modify the logic
that disregards defined symbols to only disregard symbols that are
defined in the same section.
Fixes: 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.9+
Reported-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Tested-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2017-02-23 03:40:12 +09:00
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int plt_count;
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};
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2010-08-19 23:16:37 +09:00
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struct mod_arch_specific {
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2014-11-25 00:54:35 +09:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND
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2010-11-12 22:02:46 +09:00
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struct unwind_table *unwind[ARM_SEC_MAX];
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2012-09-28 14:01:03 +09:00
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#endif
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2014-11-25 00:54:35 +09:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_ARM_MODULE_PLTS
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ARM: 8662/1: module: split core and init PLT sections
Since commit 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs"),
the ARM module PLT code allocates all PLT entries in a single core
section, since the overhead of having a separate init PLT section is
not justified by the small number of PLT entries usually required for
init code.
However, the core and init module regions are allocated independently,
and there is a corner case where the core region may be allocated from
the VMALLOC region if the dedicated module region is exhausted, but the
init region, being much smaller, can still be allocated from the module
region. This puts the PLT entries out of reach of the relocated branch
instructions, defeating the whole purpose of PLTs.
So split the core and init PLT regions, and name the latter ".init.plt"
so it gets allocated along with (and sufficiently close to) the .init
sections that it serves. Also, given that init PLT entries may need to
be emitted for branches that target the core module, modify the logic
that disregards defined symbols to only disregard symbols that are
defined in the same section.
Fixes: 35fa91eed817 ("ARM: kernel: merge core and init PLTs")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.9+
Reported-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Tested-by: Angus Clark <angus@angusclark.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2017-02-23 03:40:12 +09:00
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struct mod_plt_sec core;
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struct mod_plt_sec init;
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2014-11-25 00:54:35 +09:00
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#endif
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};
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2018-07-06 21:48:47 +09:00
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struct module;
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2014-11-25 00:54:35 +09:00
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u32 get_module_plt(struct module *mod, unsigned long loc, Elf32_Addr val);
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2009-02-11 21:09:54 +09:00
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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/*
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ARM: P2V: introduce phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys runtime patching
This idea came from Nicolas, Eric Miao produced an initial version,
which was then rewritten into this.
Patch the physical to virtual translations at runtime. As we modify
the code, this makes it incompatible with XIP kernels, but allows us
to achieve this with minimal loss of performance.
As many translations are of the form:
physical = virtual + (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
virtual = physical - (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
we generate an 'add' instruction for __virt_to_phys(), and a 'sub'
instruction for __phys_to_virt(). We calculate at run time (PHYS_OFFSET
- PAGE_OFFSET) by comparing the address prior to MMU initialization with
where it should be once the MMU has been initialized, and place this
constant into the above add/sub instructions.
Once we have (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET), we can calculate the real
PHYS_OFFSET as PAGE_OFFSET is a build-time constant, and save this for
the C-mode PHYS_OFFSET variable definition to use.
At present, we are unable to support Realview with Sparsemem enabled
as this uses a complex mapping function, and MSM as this requires a
constant which will not fit in our math instruction.
Add a module version magic string for this feature to prevent
incompatible modules being loaded.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
2011-01-05 04:09:43 +09:00
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* Add the ARM architecture version to the version magic string
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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*/
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ARM: P2V: introduce phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys runtime patching
This idea came from Nicolas, Eric Miao produced an initial version,
which was then rewritten into this.
Patch the physical to virtual translations at runtime. As we modify
the code, this makes it incompatible with XIP kernels, but allows us
to achieve this with minimal loss of performance.
As many translations are of the form:
physical = virtual + (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
virtual = physical - (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
we generate an 'add' instruction for __virt_to_phys(), and a 'sub'
instruction for __phys_to_virt(). We calculate at run time (PHYS_OFFSET
- PAGE_OFFSET) by comparing the address prior to MMU initialization with
where it should be once the MMU has been initialized, and place this
constant into the above add/sub instructions.
Once we have (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET), we can calculate the real
PHYS_OFFSET as PAGE_OFFSET is a build-time constant, and save this for
the C-mode PHYS_OFFSET variable definition to use.
At present, we are unable to support Realview with Sparsemem enabled
as this uses a complex mapping function, and MSM as this requires a
constant which will not fit in our math instruction.
Add a module version magic string for this feature to prevent
incompatible modules being loaded.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
2011-01-05 04:09:43 +09:00
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_ARMVSN "ARMv" __stringify(__LINUX_ARM_ARCH__) " "
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/* Add __virt_to_phys patching state as well */
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#ifdef CONFIG_ARM_PATCH_PHYS_VIRT
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_P2V "p2v8 "
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#else
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_P2V ""
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#endif
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2011-02-26 01:54:52 +09:00
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/* Add instruction set architecture tag to distinguish ARM/Thumb kernels */
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#ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_ARMTHUMB "thumb2 "
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#else
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_ARMTHUMB ""
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#endif
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ARM: P2V: introduce phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys runtime patching
This idea came from Nicolas, Eric Miao produced an initial version,
which was then rewritten into this.
Patch the physical to virtual translations at runtime. As we modify
the code, this makes it incompatible with XIP kernels, but allows us
to achieve this with minimal loss of performance.
As many translations are of the form:
physical = virtual + (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
virtual = physical - (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
we generate an 'add' instruction for __virt_to_phys(), and a 'sub'
instruction for __phys_to_virt(). We calculate at run time (PHYS_OFFSET
- PAGE_OFFSET) by comparing the address prior to MMU initialization with
where it should be once the MMU has been initialized, and place this
constant into the above add/sub instructions.
Once we have (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET), we can calculate the real
PHYS_OFFSET as PAGE_OFFSET is a build-time constant, and save this for
the C-mode PHYS_OFFSET variable definition to use.
At present, we are unable to support Realview with Sparsemem enabled
as this uses a complex mapping function, and MSM as this requires a
constant which will not fit in our math instruction.
Add a module version magic string for this feature to prevent
incompatible modules being loaded.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
2011-01-05 04:09:43 +09:00
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#define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC \
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MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_ARMVSN \
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2011-02-26 01:54:52 +09:00
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MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_ARMTHUMB \
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ARM: P2V: introduce phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys runtime patching
This idea came from Nicolas, Eric Miao produced an initial version,
which was then rewritten into this.
Patch the physical to virtual translations at runtime. As we modify
the code, this makes it incompatible with XIP kernels, but allows us
to achieve this with minimal loss of performance.
As many translations are of the form:
physical = virtual + (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
virtual = physical - (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET)
we generate an 'add' instruction for __virt_to_phys(), and a 'sub'
instruction for __phys_to_virt(). We calculate at run time (PHYS_OFFSET
- PAGE_OFFSET) by comparing the address prior to MMU initialization with
where it should be once the MMU has been initialized, and place this
constant into the above add/sub instructions.
Once we have (PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET), we can calculate the real
PHYS_OFFSET as PAGE_OFFSET is a build-time constant, and save this for
the C-mode PHYS_OFFSET variable definition to use.
At present, we are unable to support Realview with Sparsemem enabled
as this uses a complex mapping function, and MSM as this requires a
constant which will not fit in our math instruction.
Add a module version magic string for this feature to prevent
incompatible modules being loaded.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
2011-01-05 04:09:43 +09:00
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MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC_P2V
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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ARM: module: Fix function kallsyms on Thumb-2
Thumb-2 functions have the lowest bit set in the symbol value in the
symtab. When kallsyms are generated for the vmlinux, the kallsyms are
generated from the output of nm, and nm clears the lowest bit.
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf -a vmlinux | grep show_interrupts
95947: 8015dc89 686 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 2 show_interrupts
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm vmlinux | grep show_interrupts
8015dc88 T show_interrupts
$ cat /proc/kallsyms | grep show_interrupts
8015dc88 T show_interrupts
However, for modules, the kallsyms uses the values in the symbol table
without modification, so for functions in modules, the lowest bit is set
in kallsyms.
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf -a drivers/net/tun.ko | grep tun_get_socket
333: 00002d4d 36 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 1 tun_get_socket
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm drivers/net/tun.ko | grep tun_get_socket
00002d4c T tun_get_socket
$ cat /proc/kallsyms | grep tun_get_socket
7f802d4d t tun_get_socket [tun]
Because of this, the symbol+offset of the crashing instruction shown in
oopses is incorrect when the crash is in a module. For example, given a
tun_get_socket which starts like this,
00002d4c <tun_get_socket>:
2d4c: 6943 ldr r3, [r0, #20]
2d4e: 4a07 ldr r2, [pc, #28]
2d50: 4293 cmp r3, r2
a crash when tun_get_socket is called with NULL results in:
PC is at tun_xdp+0xa3/0xa4 [tun]
pc : [<7f802d4c>]
As can be seen, the "PC is at" line reports the wrong symbol name, and
the symbol+offset will point to the wrong source line if it is passed to
gdb.
To solve this, add a way for archs to fixup the reading of these module
kallsyms values, and use that to clear the lowest bit for function
symbols on Thumb-2.
After the fix:
# cat /proc/kallsyms | grep tun_get_socket
7f802d4c t tun_get_socket [tun]
PC is at tun_get_socket+0x0/0x24 [tun]
pc : [<7f802d4c>]
Signed-off-by: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
2018-12-15 01:05:55 +09:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
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#define HAVE_ARCH_KALLSYMS_SYMBOL_VALUE
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static inline unsigned long kallsyms_symbol_value(const Elf_Sym *sym)
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{
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if (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_FUNC)
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return sym->st_value & ~1;
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return sym->st_value;
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}
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#endif
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2005-04-17 07:20:36 +09:00
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#endif /* _ASM_ARM_MODULE_H */
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